The Impact of Aloe vera and Calendula on Perineal Healing after Episiotomy in Primiparous Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Introduction: Episiotomy is used for enlarging the perineum. Aloe vera and Calendula have been used for treating different diseases from ancient times, limited researches have been done regarding the healing of these plants. Since the effect of their ointment on episiotomy healing has not been studied, this study is being done for determining the impact of Aloe vera and Calendula on episiotomy healing in primiparous women. Methods: This clinical trial involves 111 qualified primiparous women admitted in Lolagar hospital. They were randomly categorized into three groups of control (n=1) and experimental (n=2) groups. The women in experimental group used Aloe vera and Calendula Ointment every 8 hours and the control group used hospital routine on episiotomy for 5 days. The data were collected by demographic questionnaire and redness, edema, ecchymosis, discharge and approximation scale (REEDA) which investigated the episiotomy healing before and five days after intervention in two groups. ANOVA, Tukey test, Kruskal-wallis, Chi-square were used for data analysis. Results: The three groups do not have statistically significant different regarding demographic and other intervening variables. Comparing the mean of REEDA in five days after delivery showed statistically significant difference between control and experimental groups.Conclusion: According to the results, using Aloe vera and Calendula ointment considerably increases the speed of episiotomy wound healing so it can be used for quickening the episiotomy healing

Investigation of Hearing Loss and its Related Factors in Kerman Truck Drivers

Background and Aims: Noise is the third most dangerous pollutant in Metropolises and is one of the most important risk factors in the transportation industry. This study was conducted with the aim of investigating truck drivers hearing loss and its effective factors.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2011 in Kerman City on 150 professional truck drivers who had a dossier at the center of screening occupational diseases, and were chosen by stratified random sampling. Information was collected by a checklist including age, marital status, military services status, smoking status and audiometry done in the current year and were analyzed by using SPSS 18 using correlation, ANOVA, Paired t-test , McNemar's test and Adjusted Linear Regression.Results: The mean age of participants was 43.0±10.56 and in all frequencies a significant difference was found between the hearing threshold of drivers with different work experiences, and hearing loss increased with increase in work experience. Hearing loss increased significantly in all frequencies with age increase as well. Hearing loss in frequencies more than 2000 H was significantly more in the left ear than the right.Conclusion: Although age increase is an important factor in hearing loss, but alone, it does not justify the asymmetric hearing loss at the quantities measured in the drivers in this study. It appears that driving due to constant exposure to noise can lead to hearing loss in drivers.*Corresponding Author: Narges Khanjani, Department of Epidemiology and Statistic, Faculty of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.Email: [email protected]

نظرة على الدراسات القرآنية المرتبطة بالصحة النفسية

سابقه و هدف: بررسی وضعیت موجود پژوهش در هر کشوری به‌جهت هدایت و تعیین مسیر پژوهش‌های آتی از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. در پژوهش حاضر به بررسی وضعیت پژوهش‌های قرآن و سلامت روان پرداخته شده و اهداف جزئی این پژوهش به سه دستۀ موضوعی، روش‌شناسی و جامعۀ محققان تقسیم شده است. روش کار: این پژوهش از نوع مروری است که واحدهای آن را مقالات فارسی‌زبان منتشرشده در مجلات معتبر (با نشر الکترونیک) تشکیل ‌می‌دهد. مقالات از طریق پایگاه‌های معتبر علمی و با جست‌وجوی کلیدواژه‌های تعیین‌شده انتخاب و پس از چند مرحله غربالگری گزینش ‌شد. درمجموع، 141 مقاله جهت بررسی و تحلیل انتخاب شد. مؤلفان مقاله هیچ‌گونه تضاد منافعی گزارش نکرده‌اند. یافته‌ها: نتایج در سه بُعد موضوعی، روش‌شناسی و جامعۀ محققان تحلیل شد. در بُعد موضوعی مشخص شد که مقالات تفسیری (47/35 درصد) بیشترین فراوانی را داشت. در زمینۀ روش‌شناسی نیز تحقیقات کمّی، کیفی و آمیخته به‌ترتیب 35/50 درصد، 10/46 درصد و 55/3 درصد از حجم مقالات را دربرمی‌گرفت. همچنین در بررسی جامعۀ محققان مشخص شد که پژوهشگرانی که رشته‌هایی غیر از علوم قرآنی داشتند درصد بیشتری از مقالات حوزۀ قرآن و سلامت را منتشر کرده بودند (83/63 درصد). نتیجه‌گیری: منطبق با یافته‌های پژوهش تحلیل‌هایی دربارۀ روند انتشار پژوهش‌ها و جهت‌دهی به پژوهش‌های آتی به‌سوی مسیر مطلوب‌تر ارائه شده است.   استناد مقاله به این صورت است: Rafikhah M, Tavousi M, Naghizadeh-Moghari Z, Kazemi N. A Review of Quranic Research Related to Mental Health. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2021;7(2):138-154. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v7i2.27180Background and Objective: It is important to examine the current state of research in any country to guide and determine the direction of future research. This study focused on the status of Quranic research and mental health. This study was focused on three categories: subject, methodology and researchers. Methods: This is a review study. Research samples were Persian articles published in scientific journals (Electronic Publication). A total of 141 articles were selected for review. The authors have not reported any conflicts of interest. Results: The results were analyzed in three categories: subject, methodology, and researchers. In the subject category, it was found that interpretive articles (35.47%) have the highest frequency. In terms of methodology, quantitative, qualitative and mixed research accounted for 50.35%, 46.10% and 3.55% of the studies and showed the highest frequency, respectively. Also, in analyzing the status of researchers, it was found that researchers in fields unrelated to the Quranic sciences had published a higher percentage of articles on the Quran and health (63.83%). Conclusion: According to the research findings, suggestions for future research are provided on the trend of publication of the studies and guiding the future studies in a better direction.   Please cite this article as: Rafikhah M, Tavousi M, Naghizadeh-Moghari Z, Kazemi N. A Review of Quranic Research Related to Mental Health. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2021;7(2):138-154. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v7i2.27180خلفية البحث وأهدافه: إن لدراسة الحالة الراهنة للتحقيق في أي دولة أهمية كبيرة، وذلك بغرض ترشيد وتعيين مسار التحقيقات الآتية. وقد تعرضت هذه الدراسة للبحث في حالة التحقيقات المرتبطة بالقرآن والصحة النفسية، وقد انقسمت الأهداف الجزئية لهذه الدراسة إلى ثلاث مجموعات: الموضوع، ودراسة المنهج، ومجتمع المحققين. منهجية البحث: تعتبر هذه الدراسة من النوع الاستقرائي حيث تشكِّل وحداته المقالات الفارسية المنتشرة في المجلات المعتبرة (بالنشر الإلكتروني). وقد تم انتخاب المقالات من المواقع العلمية المعتبرة ومن خلال البحث عن الكلمات المفتاحية المحددة، وقد تم اختيارها بعد عدة مراحل من الغربلة. وفي النهاية فقد تم انتخاب 141 مقالة بغرض الدراسة والتحليل. ولم يلحظ مؤلفو المقالة أي تعارض للمنافع. الكشوفات: لقد تم تحليل النتائج في الأبعاد الثلاثة: الموضوع، ودراسة المنهج، ومجتمع المحققين. وقد تبين في البُعد الموضوعي أن المقالات التفسيرية (47/35 في المائة) لها أكثر زيادة. كما أنه في مجال دراسة المنهج أيضاً فقد أخذت التحقيقات الكمية والكيفية والمختلطة بالترتيب 35/50 في المائة، 10/46 في المائة، 55/3 في المائة من حجم المقالات. كما أنه قد تبين من دراسة مجتمع المحققين أن المحققين الذين كانت لهم تخصصات غير العلوم القرآنية قد نشروا نسبة مئوية أكثر من المقالات المرتبطة بمجال القرآن والصحة (83/63 في المائة). الاستنتاج: لقد تم تقديم التحليلات اللازمة طبقاً لمعطيات هذه الدراسة حول طريقة انتشار التحقيقات وترشيد التحقيقات الآتية نحو اتجاه أفضل.   يتم استناد المقالة على الترتيب التالي: Rafikhah M, Tavousi M, Naghizadeh-Moghari Z, Kazemi N. A Review of Quranic Research Related to Mental Health. Journal of Pizhūhish dar dīn va salāmat. 2021;7(2):138-154. https://doi.org/10.22037/jrrh.v7i2.2718

Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial activity of three types of materials (reinforced zinc oxide eugenol, MTA and Cem cement) used in primary teeth pulpotomy

Background and Aim: One of the major purposes of pediatric dentistry is to maintain deciduous teeth in anatomical and functional conditions up to their physiological exfoliation and eruption of permanent teeth. Whenever pulp gets involved or exposed to mouth area and microorganisms penetrate into pulp, deciduous teeth needs pulp therapy. In the sterile environment, the exposed pulp tissue is able to repair itself and also to create a dentin bridge, but in the presence of bacteria, development of disease and ultimately death of the pulp will be inevitable. The ideal pulpotomy cement should have good physical and biological properties such as sealing of the remaining pulp tissue, being biocompatible and possessing antibacterial activity. The aim of this study was to compare the antibacterial effect of some usual materials used for pulpotomy in deciduous teeth.   Materials and Methods: In this study, we evaluated the antibacterial activity of materials used in deciduous teeth pulpotomy including Zoliran, Sina Zonalin, Kemdent Zonalin, MTA (OrthoMTA) and CEM Cement against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Well diffusion test and disk diffusion test and time kill curve were used for antibacterial activity assay. Also, we evaluated stability of antibacterial activity of the materials. The antibacterial activity in disk diffusion and well diffusion test was measured based on the diameter of the zone of inhibition, whereas in time kill curve the optical density of the bacterial suspension was measured. We used analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s test at the significance level of 5% . Results: In well diffussion and disk diffussion tests all of the materials except CEM Cement showed antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus. The largest and smallest zones of inhibition belonged to zoliran and MTA respectively. The results of time kill curve revealed a similar pattern, so that during the experiment period Zoliran, Sina Zonalin, Kemdent Zonalin, MTA and CEM Cement showed the greatest effects in both groups of bacteria respectively. Conclusion: Reinforced ZOE groups had the greatest effect in inhibition of growth of S.mutans and L.acidophilus compared to MTA and CEM Cement. Thus, use of Zoliran, Sina and Kemdent Zonalin cements in pulpotomy of deciduous teeth can be useful in controlling bacterial growth and achieving success in pulpotomy

Detection of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis by PCR in Fasa district in 2012

Background & Objective: Leishmaniasis is a common disease between humans and animals caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania spp. It is transmitted by the female species of Phlebotomus.The most common form of leishmaniasis is the cutaneous form seen as either dry (urban) or wet (Rural). Detection of cutaneous leishmaniasis species is not reliable by microscopy. Among the methods, PCR is useful for this purpose. In this study, we aimed to investigate the cutaneous leishmaniasis species by PCR method in Fasa district. Material & Methods: Slit biopsies were collected from 138 suspected cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis who were presented, consecutively, in Fasa district from April 2011 to February 2012. After the microscopy, the entire smear was then scraped off the slide surface for DNA extraction and PCR assay. Results: All 138 investigated smears were reported positive by microscopy and nested PCR assay. In PCR, One of the smears had the 750-bp band, indicative of L. tropica and the rest had the 560-bp band indicative of L. major. Conclusion: In conclusion, the cutaneous leishmaniasis found in Fasa district is predominantly Rural Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. The PCR-based assay used in the present study appears to be a suitable and powerful tool for the characterization of Leishmanial species