Genetic relationship among the three negrito (seman g) tribes of peninsular malaysia: microsa tellite analysis

The struggle to determine susceptibility genes for complex disorders has stimulated geneticists to develop new approaches. The genetic markers rapidly superseded by microsatellites since they prolifically throughout the genome and are highly variable in repeat length and polymorphisms. The Negritos, believed to be the first aborigines arrived at Peninsular Malaysia, somewhat I 0,000 years ago was thought to be related to Andaman islanders and Nicobar Islands. They are divided into six groups, namely Kensiu, Bateq, Mendriq, Jahai, Lanoh and Kintak. In this study, an attempt was made to optimize the locus D 198220 for GeneS can Analysis purpose. Marker was selected from Genethon Microsatellite Map (http://www.genlink.wustl.edu/genethon_frame/). DNA was extracted from the samples collected from three Negrito Tribes in Kelantan: Jahai, Mendriq and Bateq. A series of PCR optimization were done and run on the ABI 3100 capillary based genetic analyzer. PCR was then amplified on the Mendriq population in order to examine the PCR condition optimized. ii

Homology modeling and molecular dynamics simulation of a novel beta-galactosidase antarctic psychrophilic bacterium planococcus antarcticus dsm 14505

ß-galactosidase is an enzyme that catalyzes both hydrolytic cleavage of ß (1–4) linkage of lactose to glucose and galactose and transglycosylation reactions. The present study aims to model and validate the 3D structure of a novel cold-active ß-galactosidase from Planococcus antarcticus 14505. The 3D structure was predicted by itasser software. Model validation was performed using PROCHECK to generate the Ramachandran plot, which indicated that 86.6% of residues is in favorable regions that indicate the model is acceptable. Molecular dynamics simulation of the model protein was performed in water for 10 nanoseconds in which 31 Na+ was added to neutralize the negative charge and achieve energy minimization. The energy value and RMSD fluctuation of carbon alpha backbone of the model were computed and confirmed the stability of the model protein