3 research outputs found
Essential oil constituents assessment and antioxidant profiles of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves from Malaysia
Since the 15th century, essential oils (EO) were having a strong interest as therapeutic agents and recently EO has been
widely used in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, food and agricultural industries. The previous study showed that EOs from Stevia
rebaudiana Bertoni (SrB) possess high antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. In this study, the chemical
constituents of EO from SrB leaves which grown in Selangor, Malaysia were obtained by ethanol Soxhlet extraction. Total
polyphenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and chemical composition using a gas chromatography-mass
selective detector (GC-MSD) analyses of Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni essential oil (SrB EO) were carried out. The TPC and
TFC of SrB EO were 14.44±0.63 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) /g sample extract and 32.19±1.38 mg quercetin equivalent
(QE)/g sample extract, respectively. Based on GC-MSD analyses, one hundred peaks were obtained and 28 compounds
were identified where lupeyl acetate occupied the highest percentage with 14.25% of the chemical constituents. The antioxidant
activities of SrB EO were studied using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-
sulphonic acid (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The IC50 of SrB EO using DPPH and ABTS
were 71.36±1.57 µg/mL Trolox equivalent (TE) and 8.88×102±0.16 µg/mL TE, respectively while the FRAP activity was
9.55±0.26 mg/g TE. These results show the promising antioxidant properties of SrB EO
The association of tree species diversity and abundance with the soil edaphic factor in a largest tropical recreational forest of Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia
A study was conducted to investigate the association between tree species composition with soil edaphic factor in Chemerong
Recreational Forest, the largest recreational forest in Terengganu, Peninsular Malaysia. Two types of forest were chosen
which are riparian forest and inland forest. Four plots with the dimension of 50 m × 20 m each were established with two
plots at each forest type with total study site of 0.4 ha. A total of 1158 trees (>1 cm diameter) from 263 species, 125 genus
and 50 families were recorded. The higher species number was recorded in the inland forest with 175 species, 103 genus and
45 families compared to riparian plot with 154 species, 109 genera and 39 families. Lijndenia laurina was found to be the
important species in the riparian forest with Important Value Index (IVi) of 5.22% while Mangifera caesia at the inland
forest with 3.21%. The Shannon-Weiner diversity indexes (H’) was considered high in all two types of forest with 5.04 at
the riparian forest and 5.14 at the inland forest. Sorenson’s community similarity coefficient (CCs) showed the tree species
communities, between the two types of forest had low similarities with 0.38. A total 33 endemic species in Peninsular Malaysia
were found at Chemerong Recreational Forest. Fifty-five species in this study were listed in the International Union for
Conservation of Nature IUCN red list of threatened species 2019. Significant differences were found in phosphorus, electric
conductivity, ammonium nitrate, moisture content and organic matter between these forests. Canonical Correspondence Analysis
(CCA) showed less association between species composition with the physico-chemical characyeristics of soil in this study
indicating the soil edaphic factor is not the main factor controlling the species distribution at this site