Exploring Commuting for Work in Kuala Lumpur

Many workers face challenges in suburban areas when commuting to the urban areas from home to work. Public transportation is a fundamental component of efficient transportation in urban areas. Efficient transportation will increase economic opportunity, accessibility, and social development. This paper explored the characteristics of commuting behavior of the workers in the Klang Valley who commute to work in Kuala Lumpur, including their choice of transportation modes and the challenges they faced in traveling from home to work. This study engaged a mixed methodology where data were collected from 709 respondents voluntarily. The survey was initiated in December 2020 and lasted for six months. The respondents were approached through voluntary face-to-face and electronic means. Interviews were conducted with 14 key informants in April 2021 with workers from various backgrounds who commute to work every day. The interviews were done one-on-one. The result showed that the likelihood of choosing public transport over driving privately owned car was unfavorable where most individuals stated that the public transportation was insufficient; they had to take more than one modes to reach their workplace, and the facilities provided were insufficient for them to choose public transportation for commuting to work. These results shown that the urban workers in Kuala Lumpur preferred to drive to work rather than using public vehicles. This shows that Malaysians, especially in urban areas such as Kuala Lumpur, are not ready to adapt to SDG 11. Therefore, the government needs to create more initiatives to encourage the use of public transport

Laboratory manual: practical biology BIO0401

This is the Laboratory Report Practical Biology BIO0401 for Practical Biology course. Practical Biology is one of the courses offered by the Department of Biology, CFS IIUM. This laboratory report is intended for students to develop laboratory techniques and skills at the foundation level. The skills are required for the students to have the ability to carry out experiments and present findings scientifically and also to prepare and equip the students to pursue their study at the undergraduate level. This laboratory manual is organized into ten chapters. The experiments are designed to enhance students' knowledge and understanding of biology and biological issue thus the experiments are related to topics in Biology 1 and Biology 2 courses

Laboratory report: practical biology BIO0401

This is the Laboratory Report Practical Biology BIO0401 for Practical Biology course. Practical Biology is one of the courses offered by the Department of Biology, CFS IIUM. This laboratory report is intended for students at Foundation level to complete the report for each experiment

Discovering your body system

Discovering Your Body System is targeted to a wide range of readers,from the general public to university students. The presentation of the entire content is injected with some fun elements such as colourful figures, diagrams, illustrations, cartoon sketches, fun activities/experiments, photos, tables and misconceptions. These elements are to enhance the effectiveness of the text materials and facilitate the learning process. Readers can try out the simple yet fun activities/experiments with their family and friends to explore the biology concepts. The writing style is informal and relaxed and the contents are presented with a clear and simple sentences. New terms are carefully defined in a simple explanation. The concept and idea of the book is intended to make the reading materials more appealing and enjoyable to the readers. The materials covered in this book are fundamental topics in Human Physiology or Biology. The main objective of this book is to provide the readers with a logical, succinct and interesting presentation of physiology/biology concepts through exciting and different approaches. Readers are provided with interesting information and facts related to the human body system. The readers are encouraged by the authors to explore their body systems and try grasping the biology concepts in a fun way. This book can also act as an important guide and source for different level of students; SPM, STPM, Matriculation, A-level or university students. Students may find this book useful in their process of learning Biology. This may help them to strengthen their understanding and comprehension of some topics in Biology

Sectoral effect of oil price, natural gas and LNG prices on Malaysia’s services sector

This study investigates on the impact of GDP on services sector towards oil and gas prices. This study takes account three types of energy prices, namely Brent Crude, Natural Gas and LNG, and explore the impact of these energies on the services subsectors that was ranked as the higest contibuter for Malaysia’s Gross Domestic Products (GDP). The study employed an econometrics time series analysis using ARDL estimates with time series data spanning from 1987 to 2017. The empirical findings depicted a high energy intensity services subsectors that requires high input production of oil adversely affected with oil price changes. Brent Crude price shows a negative long-run relationship with storage and communication services subsectors while no relationship detected on others services subsectors that is less energy intensity namely wholesale services and finance services with natural gas and LNG prices. The study outcomes are significant for policymakers in planning budget allocation on specific services subsectors that highly contribute to GDP. An empirical finding that absent on the highest contributor of Malaysia’s GDP namely wholesale subsectors on the fluctuating energy prices, indicates that this subsector is not depended on energy prices and potential in generating Malaysia’s GDP. However, a highly affected subsectors like storage and communication services subsectors could be assisted by providing oil subsidy and tax exemption on affected industries. This is to ensure that such external impact would not affect the production performance, as well as to ascertain betterment in aiding policymakers and safeguarding these crucial sectors

Media Information, Flood Images, and Perceptions in Times of Flood

Disasters in Malaysia are managed using a framework developed through Directive 20 by the National Security Council. This framework is widely used in managing floods on the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. However, the prolonged rains that occurred on 17 December 2021 tested the capabilities of the existing framework: the rains caused floods in urban areas, which is unusual. This study was conducted to investigate the flood situation using data from the media, observations of the affected area, and people’s perceptions to determine their actions upon receiving flood information from the media. This study used thematic analysis to analyze the media content on the floods in Selangor. Next, observation techniques were used in one of the most affected areas, namely Hulu Langat, Selangor, where content analysis of field notes was implemented to determine the emerging themes that were being formed. Finally, an online survey questionnaire was distributed through social media. This study’s findings established that what was reported in the media was correct; however, what actually occurred was worse than what was stated in the media. Through the survey, it was found that people are extremely reliant on social media and assume that logistical constraints in the delivery of assistance have contributed to negative public perceptions of disaster management agencies

Practical biology laboratory manual and report

This laboratory manual is organized into ten chapters. Each chapter is provided with a worksheet, which is to be used by the students to report the experimental results. The experiments are designed to enhance students’ knowledge and understanding of biology and biological issues thus the experiments are related to topics in Biology 1 and Biology 2 courses

Assessing the energy efficiency of fossil fuel in ASEAN

The world's industries, transportation systems, and households rely heavily on fossil fuels despite their limited availability and high carbon content. Therefore, it is of the utmost importance to improve fossil fuel energy efficiency in order to facilitate the shift towards a sustainable energy system with reduced greenhouse gas emissions. This paper employs a slacks-based measure network data envelopment analysis model with undesirable outputs to assess the efficiencies of fossil fuel energy in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries during a span of seven years, specifically from 2015 to 2021. The inclusion of undesirable outputs in this study is important because it allows for a more realistic assessment of efficiency by considering factors like CO2 emissions, which are undesirable outcomes associated with fossil fuel use. The datasets utilised in this study are sourced from the U.S. Energy Information Administration and the open data website of Our World in Data. Based on the findings, it can be observed that Singapore and the Philippines have demonstrated outstanding performance in maximising the utilisation of fossil fuels. In contrast, Myanmar exhibits the lowest level of efficiency in this analysis. By identifying top-performing countries in terms of fossil fuel efficiency, it is possible to implement measures to boost efficiency in under-performing countries. This can be achieved through the promotion and adoption of cleaner energy alternatives, specifically renewable energy sources that exhibit a low or negligible carbon footprint. These findings offer significant contributions to policymakers exploring sustainable energy usage, environmental stewardship, and the formulation and execution of comprehensive strategies that aim to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions arising from the consumption of fossil fuels in the ASEAN region

Biology 1 (bio0415) workbook

Biology I (Bio415) Workbook for BIO0415 course. This book is specially written for foundation students taking Biology at Centre for Foundation Studies, IIUM. The purpose of this workbook is to provide students with exercises to help them understand topics in Biology This Biology I Workbook consists of multiple-choice questions and structure questions for 14 chapters. Answer schemes and feedbacks are provided at the end of each chapter as guidance for the students to understand the concepts. The questions in each chapter were tested on students and moderated to confirm the validity