Composting increases BRIS soil health and sustains rice production.

Beach ridges interspersed with swales (BRIS) soil (> 90% of sand) is unsuitable to produce rice due to its poor physical and chemical properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of compost on BRIS soil health in relation to rice production. We measured rice yield, yield parameters, chlorophyll content, relative water content (RWC), and soil pH. The tiller and panicle numbers, filled grains per panicle, rice yield, and straw yields were significantly lower in BRIS soil than in a mixture of compost and BRIS soil. On the other hand, plant heights, 1000 seeds weight, and unfilled grains per panicle were not significantly different. Adding compost to BRIS soil significantly increased chlorophyll content but not the RWC of leaves. The pH of BRIS soil was significantly increased by the application of compost which indicates an increase of BRIS soil health. These results suggest that addition of compost to BRIS soil might improve BRIS soil health and increase rice yield

Effects of water stress on rice production: bioavailability of potassium in soil

Water demand in agriculture, municipal, and industrial purposes is increasing rapidly which will pressure on future demand in agriculture. To justify less water use in rice production, we produced rice under different water levels (DWLs) and justified potassium bioavailability. There were five DWLs were employed in this experiment. Besides measuring yield and yield parameters, relative water content (WRC) and chlorophyll content in leaves, soil pH and bioavailability of potassium (K) in soil solution were measured. Yield and yield parameters showed insignificant difference under DWLs. Different water levels did not affect weekly data of chlorophyll content and RWC in leaves. But chlorophyll content and RWC in leaves were significantly higher in week 6 or 9 than week 3. Different water levels did not affect soil pH. Our results suggested that rice can be produced under low water input without affecting yield and yield parameters and K bioavailability in soil

Effects of Water Stress on Rice Production: Bioavailability of Potassium in Soil

Water demand in agriculture, municipal, and industrial purposes is increasing rapidly which will pressure on future demand in agriculture. To justify less water use in rice production, we produced rice under different water levels (DWLs) and justified potassium bioavailability. There were five DWLs were employed in this experiment. Besides measuring yield and yield parameters, relative water content (WRC) and chlorophyll content in leaves, soil pH and bioavailability of potassium (K) in soil solution were measured. Yield and yield parameters showed insignificant difference under DWLs. Different water levels did not affect weekly data of chlorophyll content and RWC in leaves. But chlorophyll content and RWC in leaves were significantly higher in week 6 or 9 than week 3. Different water levels did not affect soil pH. Our results suggested that rice can be produced under low water input without affecting yield and yield parameters and K bioavailability in soil

Glutathione is not involved in light-, Dark-, Ca- and H2O2- induced stomatal movement in Arabidopsis

Glutathione (GSH), is a thiol-containing tripeptide, maintains redox homeostasis in plants under normal and stressful conditions. In this study, we investigated whether GSH involved in light-, dark-, Ca- and H2O2-induced stomatal movement in Arabidopsis. Application of GSH and a GSH decreasing chemical (CDNB; 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene) did not affect stomatal aperture in guard cells of Arabidopsis. Dark induced stomatal closure and light induced stomatal opening but pre-treatment of GSH and CDNB did not alter dark- and light-induced stomatal aperture. Treatment of guard cells with Ca and H2O2 did not affect GSH contents in guard cells but induced stomatal closure in both wild type and chorinal-1 (ch1-1) mutant plants. In addition, pre-treatment of GSH and CDNB did not affect Ca and H2O2-induced stomatal closure in both plants. Taken together these results suggest that GSH might not directly affect light-, dark-, Ca- and H2O2-induced stomatal movement in guard cells of Arabidopsis