A review of ex-mining land reclamation as construction project activities : focusing in City of Ipoh / Mohd Najib Abd Rashid ... [et al.]

A large demand of housing and land development in Malaysia since the last two decades has resulted in the reduction of suitable and proper spot for housing development. This kind of land can now only be found in the area far away from the cities. However, most people choose to be near or not too far from the cities. This has led to the development of the less desirable area such as ex-mining land.A study of completed and ongoing development in the above mentioned areas reveal that there are less than adequate guidelines, laws or policies to ensure development in these areas are given proper attention in term of safety and environmental provisions. This paper discussed several issues regarding to the construction of housing and development in the difficult and less desirable areas.As land is getting scarce due to rapid development, an abandoned ex-mining area hasbecome valuable lands for developments

Evaluating the Validity and Reliability of Authentic Learning Instruments using RASCH Model

Social science research with a quantitative approach should use the appropriate scale of measurement to interpret a variable correctly. There are two types of measurement scale that is category scale and numerical scale. Category scale is for nominal and ordinal data, while the numerical scale for an interval and ratio data. In mathematical analysis, numerical scale indicates the exact measurement and more precise definitions of certain variables. Category scale is only used to classify a variable. However, Likert scale which is used for ordinal data are often used as a measurement tool in social science research. Therefore, the Rasch model analysis that can change the nominal and ordinal data to interval and ratio data was used in this study. Here, it was used to evaluate the validity and reliability of authentic learning instrument at Malaysian Polytechnics. Validity of instrument was seen by unidimensional analysis through principal component analysis method. Reliability of instrument was seen by summary statistics, variable map and item fit table. The findings show that the authentic learning instrument at Malaysian Polytechnics has high validity and reliability

Evaluating the Validity and Reliability of Authentic Learning Instruments using RASCH Model

Social science research with a quantitative approach should use the appropriate scale of measurement to interpret a variable correctly. There are two types of measurement scale that is category scale and numerical scale. Category scale is for nominal and ordinal data, while the numerical scale for an interval and ratio data. In mathematical analysis, numerical scale indicates the exact measurement and more precise definitions of certain variables. Category scale is only used to classify a variable. However, Likert scale which is used for ordinal data are often used as a measurement tool in social science research. Therefore, the Rasch model analysis that can change the nominal and ordinal data to interval and ratio data was used in this study. Here, it was used to evaluate the validity and reliability of authentic learning instrument at Malaysian Polytechnics. Validity of instrument was seen by unidimensional analysis through principal component analysis method. Reliability of instrument was seen by summary statistics, variable map and item fit table. The findings show that the authentic learning instrument at Malaysian Polytechnics has high validity and reliability