INFLUENCE OF SULFATE AND CHLORIDE ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FIRED CLAY MASONRY WALL

This paper presents the influence of aggressive environment on the mechanical properties of masonry systems. The investigation involved the measurement of strength and modulus of elasticity of single leaf brick masonry wall which were built from fired clay bricks in conjunction with designation (iii) mortar with proportions of 1: 1: 6 (OPC: lime: sand). After being constructed, the specimens were cured under polythene sheet for 14 days in a controlled environment room with 80 ± 5% relative humidity and temperature of 25 ± 2ºC. The specimens were then exposed to the solution containing sodium sulfate and sodium chloride. The strength and modulus of elasticity of the brickworks were determined at the ages of 28, 56 and 180 days. The strength and modulus of elasticity of the brickworks, unbonded bricks, and mortar prisms were determined at the ages of 28, 56 and 180 days to quantify the contribution of bricks and mortar on the deformation of the masonry walls. As a result, fired clay brickwork is not durable and deteriorate in the environment containing sodium sulfate but durable in sodium chloride. The deterioration of the brickwork clearly influenced by the deterioration of mortar joint. The present of sodium chloride also retarding the attack of sodium sulphate.  &nbsp

Exploring Mediating Role of Supply Chain Management between Logistic Management, Supplier Selection and Planning of Supply Chain and Sustainability, Supported Tourism Business in Indonesia

The competition is mounting in the Indonesian tourism sector. Therefore, it is key for the firms operating in this sector to adopt different strategies related to the supply chain by which they can attain sustainability. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the impact of logistic management, supplier selection, and planning of the supply chain on SCM and sustainability of the organization. Moreover, the mediating role of SCM between logistic management, supplier selection, and planning of supply chain and sustainability of the organization. the data was collected from the 258 respondents of the tourism sector on Indonesia in the form of a questionnaire. For data analyses and hypotheses testing, this study has used PLS-SEM as suitable technique. The findings of the study pointed out that all relations to be significant. It means that supply chain functions, Logistic management, Supplier selection on supply chain management, and sustainability. The findings of the study are helpful for the policy makers of this sector to adopt different strategies by which they can attain sustainability

The Effect of Na2SO4 and NaCl Solutions on the Moisture Movement of Fired Clay Masonry Wall

The influence of sodium sulphate and sodium chloride exposures on the moisture movement of masonry systems has been investigated. The investigation involved the measurement of moisture movement of single leaf masonry wall which were built with fired clay bricks in conjunction with grade (iii) mortar with proportions of 1: 1: 6 (OPC: lime: sand).  After being constructed, the masonry walls were cured under polythene sheet for 14 days in a controlled room with temperature of 25 ± 2ºC and 80 ± 5% relative humidity.  They were then exposed to sodium sulphate and sodium chloride solutions at different concentrations of 5, 10 and 15%. The moisture movement was monitored up to 210 days.  The moisture movement was also measured on the unbonded bricks and mortar prism so that the contribution of brick and mortar on the moisture movement of the masonry walls could be quantified. As a result, after the period of exposure to the soluble salt conditions, large expansion was observed in particular case of sulphate exposure. The composite model underestimated the moisture movement of fired clay masonry walls which were exposed to the soluble salts

Utilization of Sawdust in Concrete Masonry Blocks: A Review

SDC (Sawdust Concrete) was developed in 19th century. It has been well recognized due to its lightweight and cost-effectiveness. Presently, developed countries have created opportunities to use wood waste in the concrete construction to reduce the environmental burden. Although SDC has received little consideration as a lightweight masonry block in building works but it has been intensively investigated in many countries for decades. The aim of this review is to summarize the last five years (2012-2016) research work related to utilization of sawdust in concrete masonry. However, it is important to explore existing ideas and approaches developed by previous researchers as a reference and guidance for the future research. There are lots of opportunities to develop lightweight concrete especially throughutilizing sawdust as a fine aggregate replacement material in concrete. However, this review paper is focusing on utilization of sawdust, as to reduce environmental impacts poses by the waste products of furniture industry and a by-product of wood industry. As a conclusion, this review paper summary the existing important ideas and useful information for the fellow researchers, as to enhance the utilization of sawdust to produce lightweight masonry units. It is recommended that considerable research is required on the sawdust cement blocks, which can deliver more confidence on their utilization as a green building construction material

FONDASI PRACETAK TRAPESIUM TEKNIK MENGGAMBAR AUTOCAD

Buku ini merupakan kelanjutan dari buku Fondasi Pracetak Trapesium Jilid 1 yang dicetak pada tahun 2018. Pada buku jilid 2 ini berisi berawal dari menggambar fondasi dengan Autocad, membuat cetakan fondasi precast, pengecoran, pengujian dan aplikasi fondasi di lapangan. Pembuatan Buku ini juga dibuat sebagai salah satu output Hibah Penelitian RistekDikti Tahun Anggaran ke II/2019 Skim Penelitian Terapan Unggulan Perguruan Tinggi (PTUPT)

Indonesian Airport, Passanger and Aircraft Impact on Regional Budget (APBD)

The International Air Transportation Association (IATA), predicts the strength of the air transportation industry in Indonesia, with a population of more than 250 million people, by 2035 it will reach more than 310 million passengers, and provide 8.8 million jobs, increasing Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to US $ 99 billion. In 2015, Indonesia was ranked 9th in the world, for the number of air transport passengers, it increased by more than 10 thousand passengers in 4 years. In the next 10 years (2027) Indonesia will be ranked 6th in the world number of air transport passengers, but Indonesia, along with China and India, is currently a country with a low frequency of flights compared to the high population. The airport is designated as an international airport by considering: (1) the national airport master plan; (2) Defense and security of the state; (3) Growth and development of tourism; (4)The interests and capabilities of national air transport; (5) National economic development and foreign trade. Based on the multiple linear regression equation, the aircraft departs variable and departing passengers, have a positive impact on increasing the Regional Budget (APBD). Keywords: Air Transportation, National economic development, aircraft departs, departing passenger