Evaluation Of The Anatomical Changes Of The Wrist In Normal Pregnancy By High Resolution Ultrasonography

Physiological changes in pregnancy can alter the anatomy of the wrist either within or outside carpal tunnel. Changes in the carpal tunnel are always related to the compression of the median nerve. The hormonal changes were thought to be a causative factor. Ultrasound using high frequency transducers offers an accurate and non invasive method for assessment of the wrist both in the normal and pathology conditions

A Pc-Based Freehand Three-Dimensional Ultrasound.

Breast cancer is the number one killer disease among women in Malaysia. In the diagnosis of breast cancer, breast ultrasound examination is commonly used as a supplement to mammography

A Framework of MRI Fat Suppressed Imaging Fusion System for Femur Abnormality Analysis

AbstractShort T1 Inversion Recovery (STIR) is a fat suppressed technique commonly used in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to suppress fat signals from tissues. The technique is to improve visual inspection during diagnosis. Suspected fluids will appear bright in STIR to identify the abnormality. Due to hardware limitation, tissue contrast and signal-to-noise ratio are reduced. We propose a framework of image fusion system which mimics the MRI machine to produce a fused ‘STIR’ image. The resultant fused ‘STIR’ image has high similarity index (0.989971), small mean square error (0.1092), high peak signal-to-noise ratio (106.9173) and good Pearson correlation coefficient (0.696)

Comparison of automatic airway analysis function of Invivo5 and Romexis software

Background Visualization and calculation of the airway dimensions are important because an increase of airway resistance may lead to life-threatening emergencies. The visualization and calculation of the airway are possible using radiography technique with their advance software. The aim of this study was to compare and to test the reliability of the measurement of the upper airway volume and minimum area using airway analysis function in two software. Methods The sample consisted of 11 cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans data, evaluated using the Invivo5 (Anatomage) and Romexis (version 3.8.2.R, Planmeca) software which afford image reconstruction, and airway analysis. The measurements were done twice with one week gap between the two measurements. The measurement obtained was analyzed with t-tests and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), with confidence intervals (CI) was set at 95%. Results From the analysis, the mean reading of volume and minimum area is not significantly different between Invivo5 and Romexis. Excellent intrarater reliability values were found for the both measurement on both software, with ICC values ranging from 0.940 to 0.998. Discussion The results suggested that both software can be used in further studies to investigate upper airway, thereby contributing to the diagnosis of upper airway obstructions

Resekcija i rekonstrukcija karotidne arterije za rekurentni karcinom larinksa s uključenjem karotidne arterije: prikaz slučaja

Aim: Management of advanced head and neck cancer is challenging and possesses considerable risk. Carotid artery involvement is considered inoperable. We would like to highlight the benefit of carotid artery resection and reconstruction in achieving excellent local control of the disease with improved quality of survival. Case report: A 60-year-old gentleman with history of total laryngectomy with selective neck dissection and adjuvant chemo-radiation for laryngeal carcinoma developed a right sided neck recurrence after being disease free. The recurrent tumour mass encased the right carotid artery circumferentially. He underwent right radical neck dissection, right carotid artery resection and reconstruction successfully. Conclusions: Recent advances in surgical management has enabled surgeons to perform carotid artery resection and bypass with measurable success and reduced complications.Cilj: Upravljanje uznapredovalim rakom glave i vrata je izazovno i posjeduje znatan rizik. Uključivanje karotidne arterije smatra se neoperabilnim. Željeli bismo istaknuti prednost resekcije i rekonstrukcije karotidne arterije u postizanju izvrsne lokalne kontrole bolesti s poboljšanom kvalitetom preživljavanja. Prikaz slučaja: 60-godišnji gospodin s poviješću ukupne laringektomije sa selektivnom disekcijom vrata i adjuvantnom kemoterapijom i zračenjem za karcinom grkljana razvio je recidiv na desnoj strani vrata nakon razdoblja bez bolesti. Rekurentna tumorska masa okružila je desnu karotidnu arteriju po obodu. Podvrgnut je uspješnoj radikalnoj disekciji desne strane vrata, resekciji i rekonstrukciji desne karotidne arterije. Zaključci: Napredak kirurgije vrata omogućio je kirurzima obavljanje opsežnijih zahvata uključujući i resekciju karotidne arterije u slučaju recidivnih karcinoma te time produženje života bolesnika

Lifestyle Practices and Obesity in Malaysian Adolescents

Aim: To determine the influence of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) on obesity profiles of 454 Malaysian adolescents aged 12 to 19. Methods: Validated PA and SB questionnaires were used and body composition assessed using anthropometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results: Gender-specific multivariate analyses showed boys with high levels of total PA and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) exhibited significantly lower levels of total body fat, percent body fat and android fat mass compared with low PA and MVPA groups, after adjusting for potential confounders. Girls with high SB levels showed significantly higher BMI, waist circumference and DXA-derived body fat indices than those at lower SB level. Multiple logistic analyses indicated that boys with low levels of total PA and MVPA had significantly greater obesity risk, 3.0 (OR 3.0; 95% CI, 1.1–8.1; p < 0.05) and 3.8-fold (OR 3.8; 95% CI, 1.4–10.1; p < 0.01), respectively, than more active boys. Only in girls with high SB level was there a significantly increased risk of obesity, 2.9 times higher than girls at low SP levels (OR 2.8; 95% CI, 1.0–7.5; p < 0.05). Conclusions: The present findings indicate that higher PA duration and intensity reduced body fat and obesity risk while high screen-based sedentary behaviors significantly adversely influenced body fat mass, particularly amongst girls when the PA level was low

The Effects of Suprabullar Pneumatization on the Orientation of Its Surrounding Anatomical Structures Relevant to the Frontal Drainage Pathway

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of suprabullar pneumatization on the orientation of the frontal sinus outflow structures and its association with the volume of anterior ethmoid sinus. Methods: A retrospective chart review of computed tomography of paranasal sinuses (CTPNS) images was conducted. A total of 370 sides of the CTPNS of 185 patients were analyzed. Results: The course of anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) along the skull base (p = 0.04) and position of AEA at the second lamella (p = 0.04) was significantly associated with the type of suprabullar pneumatization. The AEA is expected to be lower at the skull base and at a longer distance from the second lamella with the increase in grading of the suprabullar pneumatization. The distance of AEA to the second lamella (p p = 0.04) was significantly different depending on the type of suprabullar pneumatization, which indicates AEA is expected to be at a longer distance from the second lamella and third lamella in higher grade suprabullar pneumatization. The type of suprabullar pneumatization has a significant but weak association with the anterior ethmoid sinus volume (p = 0.04). Conclusions: There is a significant effect of the type of suprabullar pneumatization on the orientation of the surrounding anatomical structures at the frontal recess. The type of suprabullar pneumatization is influenced by the anterior ethmoid sinus volume, which suggests it has a possible role in the frontal drainage pathway

Relationship between anthropometric and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measures to assess total and regional adiposity in Malaysian adolescents

The main objective of this paper was to determine the utility of various anthropometric measures to assess total and regional body fatness using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as the criterion in 454 adolescent boys and girls aged 12-19 years. Multivariable regression analyses of gender-specific and gender-combined models were used to determine anthropometric measures on DXA-derived body fatness models, after adjusting for known confounding biological factors. Partial correlation analyses, after adjusting for age, pubertal growth status and ethnicity in boys and girls, showed that body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-height ratio (WhtR) were significantly correlated with total body fat (TBF), percent body fat (%BF), android region fat (ARF) and trunk fat (TF) (all p<0.0001). BMI was the greatest independent determinant, contributing 43.8%-80.9% of the total variance for DXA-derived body fatness models. Results confirmed that a simple anthropometric index such as the BMI is a good surrogate indicator of body fat levels in Malay and Chinese adolescents

Lifestyle practices and obesity in Malaysian adolescents

Aim: To determine the influence of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) on obesity profiles of 454 Malaysian adolescents aged 12 to 19. Methods: Validated PA and SB questionnaires were used and body composition assessed using anthropometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Results: Gender-specific multivariate analyses showed boys with high levels of total PA and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) exhibited significantly lower levels of total body fat, percent body fat and android fat mass compared with low PA and MVPA groups, after adjusting for potential confounders. Girls with high SB levels showed significantly higher BMI, waist circumference and DXA-derived body fat indices than those at lower SB level. Multiple logistic analyses indicated that boys with low levels of total PA and MVPA had significantly greater obesity risk, 3.0 (OR 3.0; 95% CI, 1.1-8.1; p < 0.05) and 3.8-fold (OR 3.8; 95% CI, 1.4-10.1; p < 0.01), respectively, than more active boys. Only in girls with high SB level was there a significantly increased risk of obesity, 2.9 times higher than girls at low SP levels (OR 2.8; 95% CI, 1.0-7.5; p < 0.05). Conclusions: The present findings indicate that higher PA duration and intensity reduced body fat and obesity risk while high screen-based sedentary behaviors significantly adversely influenced body fat mass, particularly amongst girls when the PA level was low