Aplikasi GIS dan Simulasi Banjir Sungai Siak Pekanbaru Menggunakan XP-SWMM

Pekanbaru, the capital of Riau province, consists of 12 localities and covering an area of 632.26 square kilometer. The current land utilization in this city may create sufcare hydrology problems, such as flooding and shortage of water. The objective of this work is to analyse the land utilization pattern in Pekanbaru in 2004 in conjunction with flooding problem. The ArcView GIS 3.2 software package was implemented to analyse the land utilization data provided by a satelite, and the XP-SWMM hydrodynamic software package was used to simulate the flooding of Siak river in Pekanbaru. The result showed that land utilization was dominated for farming (49.26%), followed by vegetation, forestry, and settlement (17.09%, 13.06% and 11.97%, respectively). The simulation revealed that the flood occured in 28 December 2004 had submerged three regions, i.e. Sri Meranti, Meranti Pandak, and Pesisir, covering an area of approximately 880 hectare. In addition to this, bigger floods had been predicted to occure in the near future if the utilization of land is not pecisely managed

Development of surface roughness models in end milling titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V using uncoated tungsten carbide inserts

This paper focuses on developing an effective methodology to determine the performance of uncoated WC-Co inserts in predicting minimum surface roughness in end milling of titanium alloys Ti-6Al-4V under dry conditions. Central composite design of response surface methodology is employed to create an efficient analytical model for surface roughness in terms of cutting parameters: cutting speed, axial depth of cut, and feed per tooth. Surface roughness values were measured using a surface roughness measuring instrument- Mitutoyo Surftest model SV-500. Design of expert package was applied to establish the first order and the second order model and develop the contours. The adequacy of the predictive model was verified using analysis of variance

Developing a Model Based On GIS and Statistical Analysis for Family Support of Substance Abuser in Terengganu

Family support has a strong impact on individuals and there is no exception in substance abuse recovery process. Family support manages to play a positive role in substance abuse problems. The present study deals with the developing model of family support substance abuser with the combination method of Geographic Information System (GIS) and statistical models. The data used for this study was collected from seven districts in Terengganu with a constant number of respondents. 35 respondents for each district were involved in this study. It was then processed using factor analysis (FA) to develop index of family support. By using the developed indices, GIS tool was used to plot the distribution map of family support indices according to each form of family support. The result indicated that the highest index for all form of family support abuser was located in Besut district. High level of family support is essential as an effort for rehabilitation process of substance abusers

Tool Life Of TiAlN PVD Coated Carbide Tool In High-Speed End Milling Of Untreated Inconel 718 Under Minimum Quantity Lubrication Condition

This paper presents the tool life of the end milled Inconel 718, which is part of a material that is difficult to be machined. Previous researchers found that tool life in machining aged Inconel 718 is shorter compared with other materials. However, this observation required further investigation. Thus, a raw grade Inconel was proposed in this experiment. The experiments were performed using TiAlN-coated carbide. The studied milling parameters were the cutting speed, Vc, from 90 to 150 m/min; feed rate, fz, from 0.15 to 0.25 mm/rev; depth of cut, ap, from 0.3 to 0.5 mm; and radial depth of cut, ae=1 mm. The application of the cutting fluid used in this experiment was a minimum quantity lubricant, which had the advantage of cooling effectiveness and low consumption of cutting fluid. The results showed that the feed rate, fz, was the primary factor controlling the tool life. The combination of Vc=115 m/min, fz=0.15 mm/tooth, as well as ap=0.5 mm and ae=0.15 mm gave the longest tool life that served 95.38 min in operation

Improved tool life in end milling Ti-6A1-4V through workpiece preheating

This paper presents the investigation of tool life improvement in end-milling of Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V through workpiece preheating. End milling tests were conducted on Vertical Machining Centre with full immersion cutting. Induction heating was utilized during end milling for preheating. The titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V bar was used as the workpiece. Machining was performed with a 20 mm diameter end-mill tool holder fitted with one PCD inserts. All of the experiments were run under room temperature and preheating condition at 315, 450, and 650ºC. Flank wear has been considered as the criterion for tool failure and the wear was measured using a Hisomet II Toolmaker’s microscope. Tests were conducted until an insert was rejected when an average flank wear greater than 0.30 mm was recorded. Cutting force and torque measurements were conducted using the Kistler Rotating Cutting Force Dynamometer. Vibration during cutting was captured using an online vibration monitoring system. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was also used to investigate the wear morphology. The results led to conclusions that workpiece preheating significantly increases the tool life of PCD inserts in end-milling of Titanium Alloy Ti-6Al-4V

Leaf anatomical characteristics of Avicennia L. and some selected taxa in Acanthaceae

The proposed placement of Avicennia L. into Acanthaceae had been made based only on molecular data. The main objective of this study is to investigate whether anatomical leaf characteristics of the Avicennia species support this placement. This study also aims to determine the leaf anatomical characteristics and their taxonomic value for some selected taxa ofAcanthaceae. Seven species were studied, namely A. alba Blume, A. officinalis L., A. lanata Ridley, Justicia gendarussa Burm. f., J. betonica L., Strobilanthes crispa Blume and Asystasia gangetica subsp. micrantha (L.) T. Anderson. Methods used were sectioning using sliding microtome, leaf clearing, epidermal peels, and observation under a light microscope. Findings have shown great differences between Avicenniaspecies andother studied taxa. There are eleven outstanding leaf anatomical variations which may be used to distinguish all Avicennia species from the others, such as the presence and absence of brachysclereids, hypodermal layers, cystoliths and the presence of denture on the abaxial side of leaf margin, type of trichomes and stomata, areolar venation, marginal outline, shape of vascular bundles in the midrib, and the pattern of anticlinal walls on the adaxial and abaxial epidermis cells. The presence of mucilaginous idioblasts cells is common in all species studied. This study has shown that the genus Avicennia does not share similar leaf anatomical characteristics with the other taxa in Acanthaceae. As a conclusion, the placement of the genus Avicennia into the Acanthaceae has not been supported by leaf anatomical characteristics; therefore, it is suggested that this placement be revised

Analysis Of Tool Performance During Ball-End Milling Of Aluminium Alloy 6061-T6

This article presents the tool wear mechanism when machining Aluminium alloy 6061-T6 with PVD coated carbide under dry cutting condition. Cutting parameters selected were cutting speed, Vc = 115-145 m/min; feed rate fz = 0.15-0.2 mm/tooth and depth of cut, ap = 0.5-0.75 mm. The result showed the tool life of PVD TiAlN ranged from 11 to 97 min. Full factorial approach was employed to exhibit relationship between parameter input and output. From the analysis, cutting speed is the most significant factor to tool performance followed by feed rate and depth of cut. Another conclusion is that the most of failure modes occurred were notch wear and flaking near those found near depth of cut line

Generation Of A Decision Support System To Enhance The Efficiency Of Lean Manufacturing

Lean manufacturing (LM) is an established process that employs an array of instruments to eradicate waste. A variety of methods have been applied (some more successfully than others) to enhance the effectiveness of this process. This study delves into the introduction of the Intelligent Lean Tools Simulation (iLeTS) to overcome the deficiencies in the LM process and reduce the failure ratio. Fabricated with the use of modelling software, the performance of iLeTS was enhanced by way of an amalgamation involving the visual basic application (VBA) and the multi agent system (MAS). This merging served to enhance the user friendliness of iLeTS, which in turn reduced the required period of usage. Face validity and a usability study were harnessed to evaluate the performance of iLeTS. While face validity was used to authenticate the multi-agent system flow in iLeTS; the usability study was engaged to determine the proficiency of iLeTS when it comes to managing a number of arbitrarily occurring incidents. Subsequent to a thorough examination of a wide range of simulation results (deriving from authentic data), we arrived at the conclusion that (a) the iLeTS is suitable for the automation of the manufacturing process, and (b) the iLeTS can be relied upon for making prompt and appropriate choices

Performance Of Carbide Tool In High Speed Turning Of TI-6AL-4V ELI Under Conventional Coolant And Minimal Quantity Lubrication

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the tool life performance of uncoated carbide and the quality of machined surface, focusing on roughness surface values in high speed turning of titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-4V extra low interstitial (ELI), under minimal quantity lubrication (MQL) and conventional coolant. The cutting parameters were arranged using the Box-Behnken design of experiment. Meanwhile the cutting parameters; cutting speed, vc (120, 170, and 220 m/min), feed rate, f (0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 mm/rev), and depth of cut, ap (0.4, 0.5, and 0.6 mm) were applied. The effects of two types of coolant were observed and the results shown that the cutting tool turned under MQL has a longer tool life (25%) and leads to reduce surface roughness of machined surface (30%) compared with that turned under the conventional coolant condition. It was proven that the MQL condition is a good alternative in replacing the conventional coolant