Determinants of technical efficiency in the bioenergy industry in the EU28 region

Most previous bioenergy industry research has concentrated on how to implement a certain level of yield. However, few articles have paid attention to rational resource allocation to increase efficiency. To enhance bioenergy production through proper use of available resources, this study identified the effects of internal (country-specific) and external (macroeconomic) determinants of technical efficiency level in the bioenergy industry for the EU28 region. The study was established based on a conceptual framework suggesting a correlation between input use and level of technical efficiency. A panel data analysis method was employed for the analysis and a panel regression analysis framework based on the Fixed Effect (FE) model and Random Effect (RE) model was used to examine the potential determinants of technical efficiency level in the bioenergy industry for the EU28 region for the period between 1990 and 2013. The results indicate that the technical efficiency level of the bioenergy industry in developing countries is higher than in developed countries. The empirical findings also suggest that technical efficiency has greater influence on pure technical efficiency levels. Capital input, labor input, gross domestic product, inflation and interest rate significantly affected the technical efficiency of the bioenergy industry in the developing and developed countries in the EU28 region during the period of this study. The findings clearly call for regulators and decision makers to review the technical efficiency level of the bioenergy industry within the EU28 region. This study also provides better information and guidance to the boards of the bioenergy industry, as they need to have a clear understanding of the influence technical efficiency has on bioenergy production performance. Moreover, the results of this study have implications for investors who focus mainly on profits from their investments

The pathway toward bioenergy growth: does information and communication technology development make a difference in EU economies?

Information and communication technology has been ascribed a crucial role in raising resource and energy efficiency and thereby contributing to environmental abatement. This study investigates the effect of information and communication technology on bioenergy industry sustainability in twenty-seven European Union members from 1990 through 2019. Using the panel fully modified ordinary least squares, the outcomes demonstrate that bioenergy industry growth inclines with an increase in information and communication technology input. While the bioenergy industry is found to be decreasing carbon dioxide releases. Economic growth, institutional quality, and human capital are seen to improve the bioenergy industry growth. On the other hand, bioenergy industry development is found to be mitigating carbon dioxide and pollution. The result indicates that bioenergy industry sustainability in EU region members can be well inclined by improving the information and communication technology development in production procedures. This will later help in tackling environmental pollution and climate change. The assessed outcome is viewed to be valid as they were confirmed by panel dynamic ordinary least squares and pooled ordinary least squares. The investigation proposes for European state participants to increase the part of information and communication technology input in their bioenergy industry to increase the growth and sustainability levels. Policymakers in the EU region countries should also invest more in information and communication technology of the bioenergy industry to improve its production and availability. The government of the EU region can similarly focus on technical efficacy, productivity, and sustainability of information and communication technology to achieve bioenergy growth, security, and sustainable development

An empirical and forecasting analysis of the bioenergy market in the EU28 region: evidence from a panel data simultaneous equation model

This study improves upon and applies a comprehensive panel data simultaneous equation model to the European Union (EU28) region's bioenergy market. The goals are to estimate bioenergy quantities in domestic and international markets for the period from 1990 to 2013 and to apply a forecasting analysis for the EU28's domestic and international bioenergy markets for the period of 2014–2020. The results demonstrate that biomass harvest and the domestic price in a domestic market have a significant influence on the supply function. Additionally, domestic price has a negative relationship with the bioenergy market domestic demand. In international markets, competitive import prices play a primary role in the development of the bioenergy market import demand. Export prices and GDP also have primary influences on the export demand for bioenergy. Moreover, the exchange rate has a positive and significant effect on export demand. The results of a forecasting analysis for the future period of 2014–2020 has predicted slight increases in domestic supply, domestic demand, and import trends. On the other hand, it also predicted a sharp decline in the export demand trend between those same years. This study contributes to the literature by providing policymakers and other energy policy stakeholders a reliable, forward-looking analysis of the potential condition of the domestic and international bioenergy markets in the EU28 region through the end of 2020

An Empirical Analysis for Technical Efficiency of Bioenergy Industry in EU28 Region Based on Data Envelopment Analysis Method

Over the last few years concerns have enhanced about the bioenergy industry as main source for renewable and sustainable energy in many countries. These concerns have been major magnitude for countries with joint green energy legislation such as European Union (EU) member states. A significant aspect to be considered when selecting a provided bioenergy is the efficiency involved in its production. In this context, the current study analyzes the technical efficiency components in bioenergy industry in EU28 region between 1990 and 2013. To this end, parametric and non-parametric frontier models are applied, where both are particularly appropriate in this special context due to their treatment of undesirable outputs. Results are presenting higher means for technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency in developing countries in compare with developed countries. In the other hand, scale efficiency mean presenting high value in developed countries in compare with developing ones. Keywords: Bioenergy industry; technical efficiency; EU28 Region JEL Classifications: Q4, D6

Frontier production function and cost efficiency empirical analysis of bioenergy industry in EU28 region

Over the last few years concerns have enhanced about the bioenergy industry as main source for renewable and sustainable energy in many countries. These concerns have been major magnitude for countries with joint green energy legislation such as European Union (EU28) countries. A significant aspect to be considered when selecting a provided bioenergy is the efficiency involved in its production. In this context, the current study analyzes the cost efficiency components in bioenergy industry in EU28 between 1990 and 2013. To this end, parametric and non-parametric frontier models are applied, where both are particularly appropriate in this special context due to their treatment of undesirable outputs. Results are presenting equal means for cost (economic) efficiency in developing and developed countries. Allocative (price) efficiency in developing countries is higher in compare with the one developed countries. While technical efficiency mean presenting higher value in developed countries in compare with developing ones

Income Heterogeneity and the Pollution Haven and Halo Hypotheses: Empirical Evidence from Developing Countries

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is commonly perceived as a catalyst for fostering economic growth in recipient nations. Nevertheless, new research findings indicate that multinational corporations may employ a specific approach to exporting pollution from nations with rigorous environmental regulations to emerging countries with less stringent legislation. This research investigates the influence of FDI on the environmental conditions of 80 developing nations from 2000 to 2019. The study employs the Least Squares Dummy Variable Corrected (LSDVC) methodology to analyse the data. The findings suggest that there exists a direct correlation between the influx of FDI and the occurrence of environmental contamination within developing nations. Nevertheless, it has been shown that there exists a noteworthy positive correlation between FDI and environmental deterioration, specifically in the case of nations classified as upper-middle-income nations. Furthermore, the findings substantiate a noteworthy correlation between the deterioration of the environment and the expansion of the economy, FDI, energy consumption, and population density. The findings of this study provide empirical support for the presence of both the Pollution Haven Hypothesis (PHH) and the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) in middle-income nations. Additionally, this study offers recommendations aimed at assisting developing countries in their efforts to address environmental degradation

Nephroprotective potential of Polyalthia longifolia roots against vancomycin-induced renal toxicity in experimental animals

This study was done to investigate the possible nephroprotective effect of an ethanolic root extract of Polyalthia Longifolia (PL) on vancomycin-induced nephrotoxicity using curative and protective models. Vancomycin (150 mg/kg, intravenous) was given to healthy Wistar albino rats in the curative model before the start of treatment, whereas the protective group received vancomycin at the conclusion of the 10-day treatment procedure. Animals were divided into six groups for both models; group I served as the normal control, while groups II, III, IV, V, and VI were kept as toxic control, standard (selenium, 6 mg/kg), LDPL (low dose of PL 200 mg/kg), HDPL (high dose of PL 400 mg/kg), and HDPL + selenium (interactive) groups, respectively. Renal biomarkers [(uric acid, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum proteins], and blood electrolyte levels were measured for all tested groups. When compared to the vancomycin group, the HDPL significantly (p < 0.01) showed greater effectiveness in lowering the BUN, potassium, and calcium levels. Additionally, in the curative model, there was a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the blood levels of uric acid, creatinine, BUN, potassium, and calcium in the animals who received the combination of selenium and HDPL. Both LDPL and HDPL did not provide any distinguishable effect in the protective model, but groups that received HDPL with selenium did provide detectable protection by significantly lowering their levels of uric acid, BUN, serum potassium, and total serum protein in comparison to the vancomycin control group. These findings indicate that, whether administered before or after renal damage is induced, the Polyalthia longifolia root extract provided only modest protection to nephrons, which require selenium support to prevent vancomycin-induced kidney damage

How Does Information and Communication Technology Affect Geothermal Energy Sustainability?

There are many advantages of geothermal energy, as an environmentally friendly resource, with some other problems to be addressed before the full potential of this sustainable and renewable resource, which is natural, could be harnessed. This research will aim to examine what effect ICT, that is, information and communication technology factors with sustainability in the economy, has on geothermal energy output among the considered 27 EU nations within the time frame 1990 to 2021. The novelty of this research is the ability to clarify the role of ICT toward geothermal power sustainability in the EU27 region. As well as the magnitude of effects of ICT on the geothermal power sustainability in EU13 developing countries and EU14 developed countries using the ARDL estimator. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) was adopted, and the findings show that a significant increase in the geothermal energy industry sustainability can occur in EU14 emerged economies using ICT factors than among the 13 emerging economies. Among additional factors, human capital, economic sustainability, and institutional quality contribute more positively to geothermal energy sustainability in EU14 emerging economies than in EU13 emerging economies. Similarly, further results show that a remarkable decrease in carbon dioxide emissions can occur in EU13 emerging economies using geothermal energy output than in EU14 emerged economies. All these results outputs are an indication that geothermal power sustainability among the European Union countries could be remarkably boosted by increasing the level of ICT determinants to attain the 2030 energy union goals. This study recommends that the considered European countries should prioritize the good functionality of ICT indicators in attaining societal objectives and that of the environment as well

Determinants of Geothermal Power Sustainability Development: Do Global Competitiveness Markets Matter?

As a substantially capital-intensive venture, the distribution network of the geothermal business is disproportionately clustered around the project designing phase. The profound geothermal industry is broad, and consequently the geothermal economy differs substantially from one place to another. The primary goal of this study is to analyze the effect of factors relating to global competitiveness along with economic growth on the sustainability of geothermal energy among European 27 countries. Employing auto regressive distributing lag (ARDL), the major findings suggest that a significant rise in the geothermal power production sustainable development can occur in the 14 European Union emerged economies applying global competitiveness criteria than in EU13 developing economies. Among additional criteria, a conducive environment, intellectual capital, market shares, as well as an innovation ecosystem contributes more significantly to the sustainability of geothermal energy among the 14 classed as established in this research than the 13 emerging economies. The results suggest that geothermal power sustainability among the European countries regions could attain a sustainable increased level of geothermal energy generation by putting in place the necessary global competitiveness determinants for the EU 2030 Energy Union goals to be achieved. The attainment of these Energy Union goals will assist in combating climate change and fighting environmental pollution. Three estimators were adopted to confirm that all calculated projections made in the study are said to be valid. The global competitiveness measures should be made better effective by the EU nations and this will help in achieving a pollution-free society and environment. Authorities in charge of policy and law-making in the EU regions should participate more in global competitiveness for geothermal energy production to become sustainable. Cointegrated strategies that will promote sustainability should be stressed by policymakers in the EU. This will go a long way in reducing the level of carbon dioxide emissions and also in promoting sustainability in the area of geothermal power generation

The pathway toward pollution mitigation in EU28 region: does hydropower growth make a difference?

This research examines the impact of hydropower industry growth on carbon dioxide releases in twenty-eight nations under the European Union (EU 28) dated from 1990 to 2018. Utilizing panel fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), the outcomes show that carbon dioxide releases decreased and growth in hydropower production and good governance. While fossil-fuel, economic growth, and urbanization discovered carbon dioxide releases were fluctuating. The results show carbon dioxide releases in EU28 nations can be efficiently lessened thru expanding the quantity of hydropower output in resource sustainability and security agenda. In time, it will add to discussing environmental pollution and climate change. The assessed outcomes were regards as strong as they were authenticated by the panel's dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) and pooled ordinary least square (pooled OLS). This report endorses for EU28 nations to escalate the part of hydropower dynamics combination towards carbon dioxide release reduction. Politicians and governors under EU28 nations must increase investment in producing hydropower output to boost renewable energy sources and availability. The EU28 nation's government will be able to stress in usefulness and continuity of hydropower output and good governance to attain power assurance, sustainability, and lessened reliance on conventional oil