Design of Gain Booster for Sample and Hold Stage of High Speed-Low Power Pipelined Analog-To-Digital Converter

This paper presents the full custom design of an operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) for the sample and hold (SHA) stage of a 10-bit 50-MS/s pipelined analog-to-digital converter (ADC) implemented in a TSMC 0.35μm CMOS process. The OTA chosen for this design is folded cascode with gain boost topology. It is demonstrated through the design analysis and HSPICE simulation that such a structure realizes the best trade-off between power, speed and gain. The simulation results show the OTA achieves DC gain of 88.05dB, unity gain bandwidth of 430.03MHz and 84.06 degree of phase margin. The OTA achieves 62.13 dB SNR at the sampling rate of 50MHz with the input frequency of 24MHz. Power consumption is 9.68 mW from a single 3V supply. The settling time to 2-11 accuracy is 8.2ns

An Implementation Of Full-State Observer And Controller For Dynamic State-Space Model Of Zeta Converter

Zeta converter is a fourth order dc-dc converter that can increases (step-up) or decreases (step-down) the input voltage. The converter needs feedback control to regulate its output voltage. A full-state observer can be used to estimate the states of the system in condition the output must be observable. The estimated states can be fed to full-state feedback controller to control the plant. This paper presents the dynamic model of zeta converter. The converter is modeled using state-space averaging (SSA) technique. Full-state observer and controller are implemented on the converter to regulate the output voltage. The simulation results are presented to verify the accuracy of the modeling and the steady-state performance subjected to input and load disturbances

Design of Gain Booster for Sample and Hold Stage of High Speed-Low Power Pipelined Analog-to-Digital Converter

This paper presents the full custom design of an operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) for the sample and hold (SHA) stage of a 10-bit 50-MS/s pipelined analog-todigital converter (ADC) implemented in a TSMC 0.35μm CMOS process. The OTA chosen for this design is folded cascode with gain boost topology. It is demonstrated through the design analysis and HSPICE simulation that such a structure realizes the best trade-off between power, speed and gain. The simulation results show the OTA achieves DC gain of 88.05dB, unity gain bandwidth of 430.03MHz and 84.06 degree of phase margin. The OTA achieves 62.13 dB SNR at the sampling rate of 50MHz with the input frequency of 24MHz. Power consumption is 9.68 mW from a single 3V supply. The settling time to 2-11 accuracy is 8.2ns

A Review of Resonant Converter Control Techniques and The Performances

paper first discusses each control technique and then gives experimental results and/or performance to highlights their merits. The resonant converter used as a case study is not specified to just single topology instead it used few topologies such as series-parallel resonant converter (SPRC), LCC resonant converter and parallel resonant converter (PRC). On the other hand, the control techniques presented in this paper are self-sustained phase shift modulation (SSPSM) control, self-oscillating power factor control, magnetic control and the H-∞ robust control technique

OBSERVER-BASED-CONTROLLER FOR INVERTED PENDULUM MODEL

This paper presents a state space control technique for inverted pendulum system. The system is a common classical control problem that has been widely used to test multiple control algorithms because of its nonlinear and unstable behavior. Full state feedback based on pole placement and optimal control is applied to the inverted pendulum system to achieve desired design specification which are 4 seconds settling time and 5% overshoot. The simulation and optimization of the full state feedback controller based on pole placement and optimal control techniques as well as the performance comparison between these techniques is described comprehensively. The comparison is made to choose the most suitable technique for the system that have the best trade-off between settling time and overshoot. Besides that, the observer design is analyzed to see the effect of pole location and noise present in the system

State-Feedback Controller Based on Pole Placement Technique for Inverted Pendulum System

This paper presents a state space control technique for inverted pendulum system using simulation and real experiment via MATLAB/SIMULINK software. The inverted pendulum is difficult system to control in the field of control engineering. It is also one of the most important classical control system problems because of its nonlinear characteristics and unstable system. It has three main problems that always appear in control application which are nonlinear system, unstable and non-minimumbehavior phase system. This project will apply state feedback controller based on pole placement technique which is capable in stabilizing the practical based inverted pendulum at vertical position. Desired design specifications which are 4 seconds settling time and 5 % overshoot is needed to apply in full state feedback controller based on pole placement technique. First of all, the mathematical model of an inverted pendulum system is derived to obtain the state space representation of the system. Then, the design phase of the State-Feedback Controller can be conducted after linearization technique is performed to the nonlinear equation with the aid of mathematical aided software such as Mathcad. After that, the design is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink software. The controller design of the inverted pendulum system is verified using simulation and experiment test. Finally the controller design is compared with PID controller for benchmarking purpose

A Review of Resonant Converter Control Techniques and The Performances

paper first discusses each control technique and then gives experimental results and/or performance to highlights their merits. The resonant converter used as a case study is not specified to just single topology instead it used few topologies such as series-parallel resonant converter (SPRC), LCC resonant converter and parallel resonant converter (PRC). On the other hand, the control techniques presented in this paper are self-sustained phase shift modulation (SSPSM) control, self-oscillating power factor control, magnetic control and the H-∞ robust control technique

Real-Time Optimal Control Technique of A Rotary Inverted Pendulum System

This paper presents a real time control technique to stabilize inverted pendulum in the vertical upright position. Stabilize the inverted pendulum is a classical control problem that could be related to some problems in industrial applications. Two common problems that always been encountered by inverted pendulum system is unstable behavior and nonlinear. This lead to numerous studies on the control algorithm to balance the inverted pendulum system in the vertical upright position. Generally, inverted pendulum is mounted on DC motor and is equipped with sensor to measure angular displacement. Inverted pendulum has the same analogy with human that try to balance a broomstick using fingertip. Balancing the Inverted Pendulum requires a good control system. Therefore an optimal control technique is proposed to achieve desired design requirement which are less than 5% overshoot and less than 5 seconds settling time. The controller is optimized to achieve the best performance result. Finally the performance of the controller is compared with PID controller as a benchmark

Movement intention detection using neural network for quadriplegic assistive machine

Biomedical signal lately have been a hot topic for researchers, as many journals and books related to it have been publish. In this paper, the control strategy to help quadriplegic patient using Brain Computer Interface (BCI) on basis of Electroencephalography (EEG) signal was used. BCI is a technology that obtain user's thought to control a machine or device. This technology has enabled people with quadriplegia or in other words a person who had lost the capability of his four limbs to move by himself again. Within the past years, many researchers have come out with a new method and investigation to develop a machine that can fulfill the objective for quadriplegic patient to move again. Besides that, due to the development of bio-medical and healthcare application, there are several ways that can be used to extract signal from the brain. One of them is by using EEG signal. This research is carried out in order to detect the brain signal to controlling the movement of the wheelchair by using a single channel EEG headset. A group of 5 healthy people was chosen in order to determine performance of the machine during dynamic focusing activity such as the intention to move a wheelchair and stopping it. A neural network classifier was then used to classify the signal based on major EEG signal ranges. As a conclusion, a good neural network configuration and a decent method of extracting EEG signal will lead to give a command to control robotic wheelchair

Solar PV Project Implementation Feasibility Study based on Feed-in Tariff in Malaysia

This paper illustrates the solar PV project implementation feasibility study based on Feed-in tariff embark by Malaysian government. The objectives of this study are to increase the awareness about the benefit of Feed-in Tariff (FiT) and to design a framework for solar PV project implementation in Malaysia. FIT is established to offer a guaranteed pricing structure for renewable energy production such as wind, solar, biogas and biogas. This could encourage greater investments in a renewable energy field in Malaysia. The framework is started by explaining the project lifecycle to set the milestone follow by explain the project Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) and Organization Breakdown Structure (OBS). Finally a proper project scheduling is established ensure a success project implementation