Tetralogy of Fallot with rheumatic mitral stenosis: A case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p>Rheumatic and congenital heart diseases account for the majority of hospital admissions for cardiac patients in India. Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common congenital heart disease with survival to adulthood. Infective endocarditis accounts for 4% of admissions to a specialized unit for adult patients with a congenital heart lesion. This report is unique in that a severe stenotic lesion of the mitral valve, probably of rheumatic aetiology, was noted in an adult male with Tetralogy of Fallot.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>An unusual association of rheumatic mitral stenosis in an adult Indian male patient aged 35 years with Tetralogy of Fallot and subacute bacterial endocarditis of the aortic valve is presented.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>In this case report the diagnostic implications, hemodynamic and therapeutic consequences of mitral stenosis in Tetralogy of Fallot are discussed. In addition, the morbidity and mortality of infective endocarditis in adult patients with congenital heart disease are summarized. The risk of a coincident rheumatic process in patients with congenital heart disease is highlighted and the need for careful attention to this possibility during primary and follow-up evaluation of such patients emphasized.</p

Variation in SPC/STC Ratio as an Indicator of Age: A Computer-aided Forensic Odontology

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the change in pulp width at the level of cemento-enamel junction and its correlation to different age groups Materials and methods: It is a retrospective study in which we are going to see the changes in pulp width as age increases. Ground section of 100 extracted maxillary first premolars were made up to the midpulpal area in labiolingual plane. The correlation of different age group with reduction in ratio of score of pulp width (SPC ) and score of tooth width (STC ) at cemento-enamel junction was done. All teeth were examined under stereomicroscope then SPC and STC were measured by Leica Qwin software. Results: Pearson correlation between SPC/STC ratio with different age group was found to be statistically significant. So, measurement of amount of secondary dentin seems to be reliable and rapid method in forensic odontology

Photochemotherapy (PUVA): An Overview

Photochemotherapy (PUVA) has become a useful alternative in dermatologic therapy. Start from historical date up to modern era the safe and useful modes of PUVA has been documented in many immunological disorder. Despite side effect and potential long-term hazards photochemotherapy shown in clinical routine as an effective alternative to conventional immunosuppressive therapy. A wide range of diverse field for its possible utility provides an alternative armamentarium in many immunological disorder for dermatologist and also for oral diagnostician

Evaluation of Infiltration of Immunological cells (Tumour Associated Tissue Eosinophils and Mast cells) in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Using Special Stains

Aim: Our study aimed to evaluate the infiltration of tissue eosinophils and mast cells in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) by using special stains. Study Design: Comparative study. Place of Study: Sharad Pawar Dental College, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra. Methodology: The study was carried out with the sample size of 30 histopathologically diagnosed cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma and comparison of infiltration of these (tissue eosinophil and mast cells) inflammatory cells with control (normal) group of patients, was done by using special stains. Special stains are wonderful because they allow us to see which we cannot see with routine Haematoxylin and eosin stain. Special stains were used to demonstrate tissue eosinophils and mast cells. Carbol Chromotrope and congo red were used for tissue eosinophil and for mast cells staining toluidine blue and thionin were used. Results: The comparison of infiltration of tissue eosinophil and mast cell in OSCC with control group (normal) of patients shows significantly increased infiltration of these immunological cells in OSCC group of patients (P<0.05). We also found that among special stains carbol chromotrope is better than congo red for demonstration of tissue eosinophils and toluidine blue shows better staining intensity for mast cells than thionin. Conclusion: We conclude that both inflammatory cells i.e. number of tissue eosinophils and mast cell infiltration is increased in OSCC. Special stains (carbol chromotrope and toluidine blue) are inexpensive and time saving rapid process for microscopic evaluation of infiltration of immunological cells (tissue eosinophil and mast cell) in tumour stroma

A Comparative Study between Oxcarbazepine and Gabapentin Regarding Therapeutic Efficiency and Tolerability in the Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia

Trigerninal neuralgia is a relapsing and remittent disorder is best symptomatically treated by medical treatment out of which carbamazepine thought to be a diagnostic drug marker of trigeminal neuralgia, has often undesirable side effects and sometimes ineffective, limiting its usage, thus search for more effective drug with lesser side effect is still on. Recently two newer anticonvulsant oxcarbazepine (OXC) a ketoderivative of carbamazepine and gabapentin (GBP) has been trailed in trigeminal neuralgia in different open clinical trial as monotherapy with encouraging results. These drugs have convenient dosage and surprisingly fewer side effects. These facts that trigeminal neuralgia responds to newer anticonvulsant (oxcarbazepine, gabapentin) in a better perspective, enabled me to conduct the present clinical trial on 54 patients (both in newly diagnosed TN patient and refractive patient) of trigeminal neuralgia who were made two randomized group for separate monotherapy study for a period of six months. The therapeutic effect of OXC and gabapentin (GBP) in relation to reduction in number of attacks of pain and severity of pain were evaluated. All the scoring data showed OXC is more therapeutic efficacious cost-effective and well-tolerated profile than gabapentin and an emerging as a drug for treatment of TN in both new and refractive patients

Multidisciplinary Approach for an Initially Misdiagnosed Case of Osteosarcoma in a Medically Compromised Patient

Osteosarcoma is a highly malignant bone tumour. It is derived from primitive mesenchymal bone forming cell. Osteosarcoma of the jaw is quite rare. Despite its rarity, the dentist may be the first health professional who observes tumours involving the jaws. As there is a greater variability in clinical, radiological and histopathological findings of jaw osteosarcoma, so there is greater scope for multidisciplinary approach. An early definite diagnosis is must for successful treatment which can save patient’s life and esthetic. This article presents a case of osteosarcoma in medically compromised 17 years old female patient who was misdiagnosed initially and later on present as a huge size of the tumour mass with gross disfigurement than she was treated by multidisciplinary approach of oncosurgeon, medical oncologist and radiation oncologist with appropriate expertise