544 research outputs found
Gaussian Free Field in the background of correlated random clusters, formed by metallic nanoparticles
The effect of metallic nano-particles (MNPs) on the electrostatic potential
of a disordered 2D dielectric media is considered. The disorder in the media is
assumed to be white-noise Coulomb impurities with normal distribution. To
realize the correlations between the MNPs we have used the Ising model with an
artificial temperature that controls the number of MNPs as well as their
correlations. In the limit, one retrieves the Gaussian free
field (GFF), and in the finite temperature the problem is equivalent to a GFF
in iso-potential islands. The problem is argued to be equivalent to a
scale-invariant random surface with some critical exponents which vary with
and correspondingly are correlation-dependent. Two type of observables have
been considered: local and global quantities. We have observed that the MNPs
soften the random potential and reduce its statistical fluctuations. This
softening is observed in the local as well as the geometrical quantities. The
correlation function of the electrostatic and its total variance are observed
to be logarithmic just like the GFF, i.e. the roughness exponent remains zero
for all temperatures, whereas the proportionality constants scale with .
The fractal dimension of iso-potential lines (), the exponent of the
distribution function of the gyration radius (), and the loop lengths
(), and also the exponent of the loop Green function change in
terms of in a power-law fashion, with some critical exponents reported
in the text. Importantly we have observed that
, in which is the spin
correlation length in the Ising model
Effects of dietary carbohydrate levels on growth, survival and body composition in Caspian Kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum, Kamenskii, 1901)
This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary carbohydrate levels on growth performance and body composition of juveniles Caspian Kutum (Rutilus frisii kutum). Fish with initial average weight of 0.8±0.2g (±SD) were fed five isoproteic and isenergic formulated diets with different carbohydrate levels including 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35% in triplicate groups, 4 times daily according to their satiation for 10 weeks. Results showed that increasing the level of carbohydrate to 35% significantly increase some growth indices such as final weight (Wf), weight gain (WG), body weight increase (BWI), specific growth rate (SGR) and protein efficiency ratio (PER). In addition, result of body composition analysis showed that the increase in carbohydrate level lead to increase of protein level. So, the highest amount of protein was observed in fingerlings fed with diet containing 35% carbohydrate. In conclusion, the results indicate that increase in carbohydrate levels from 15 to 35% have not any negative effect on growth parameters and therefore, the level of 35% carbohydrate in the diet of 1-2g Caspian Kutum fingerlings can lead to better efficient in protein and desirable growth
Effects of different heat processing methods of rapeseed on ruminal and post-ruminal nutrient disappearance
Due to improving the nutritive value of oilseeds and changing their digestion site in ruminants, processing, including heat treatment, seems necessary. The present research was conducted to evaluate the effect of applying heat processing such as roasting, microwaving and autoclaving on nutritive values; the amount and rate of degradability in rumen, and the disappearance of rapeseed nutrients in rumen, post-rumen and total tract. This evaluation was performed using mobile nylon bags techniques; three-step method of digestion and protein CNCPS fraction. A completely randomized design was used to investigate the effect of applying heat processing, and SAS software was used to analyze the data. The field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope was used to monitored the effect of heat treatment on surface of rapeseed. The application of heat processing in this research (roasting, microwaving and autoclaving) had no significant effect on the chemical composition of rapeseed. The results obtained from mobile nylon bags method and three-step digestion method showed that raw rapeseed has the highest disappearance of DM and CP in rumen and therefore has a significant difference with processed seeds (P<0.05). Also, the disappearance of DM and CP of processed rapeseed in intestines was significantly higher than raw seed (P<0.05), and this was higher than other processing for autoclaved rapeseed. According to the results obtained from CNCPS protein fractionation, applying heat processing altering protein fractionation (P<0.05). Applying microwave processing has created cracks in the surface of the rapeseed wall, and this condition was not observed in the wall surface of other heated seeds. In general, it can be said that in addition to increasing the digestibility of rapeseed in the entire gastrointestinal tract, applying heat processing reduces its degradability in the rumen and has increased the disappearance of nutrients in the intestine, that it can be stated the digestion site is altered from rumen to intestine, which can prevent the loss of protein sources in ruminant feed
2D Qubit Placement of Quantum Circuits using LONGPATH
In order to achieve speedup over conventional classical computing for finding
solution of computationally hard problems, quantum computing was introduced.
Quantum algorithms can be simulated in a pseudo quantum environment, but
implementation involves realization of quantum circuits through physical
synthesis of quantum gates. This requires decomposition of complex quantum
gates into a cascade of simple one qubit and two qubit gates. The
methodological framework for physical synthesis imposes a constraint regarding
placement of operands (qubits) and operators. If physical qubits can be placed
on a grid, where each node of the grid represents a qubit then quantum gates
can only be operated on adjacent qubits, otherwise SWAP gates must be inserted
to convert non-Linear Nearest Neighbor architecture to Linear Nearest Neighbor
architecture. Insertion of SWAP gates should be made optimal to reduce
cumulative cost of physical implementation. A schedule layout generation is
required for placement and routing apriori to actual implementation. In this
paper, two algorithms are proposed to optimize the number of SWAP gates in any
arbitrary quantum circuit. The first algorithm is intended to start with
generation of an interaction graph followed by finding the longest path
starting from the node with maximum degree. The second algorithm optimizes the
number of SWAP gates between any pair of non-neighbouring qubits. Our proposed
approach has a significant reduction in number of SWAP gates in 1D and 2D NTC
architecture.Comment: Advanced Computing and Systems for Security, SpringerLink, Volume 1
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