Modelling physiology of haemodynamic adaptation in short-term microgravity exposure and orthostatic stress on Earth

Cardiovascular haemodynamics alters during posture changes and exposure to microgravity. Vascular auto-remodelling observed in subjects living in space environment causes them orthostatic intolerance when they return on Earth. In this study we modelled the human haemodynamics with focus on head and neck exposed to different hydrostatic pressures in supine, upright (head-up tilt), head-down tilt position, and microgravity environment by using a well-developed 1D-0D haemodynamic model. The model consists of two parts that simulates the arterial (1D) and brain-venous (0D) vascular tree. The cardiovascular system is built as a network of hydraulic resistances and capacitances to properly model physiological parameters like total peripheral resistance, and to calculate vascular pressure and the related flow rate at any branch of the tree. The model calculated 30.0 mmHg (30%), 7.1 mmHg (78%), 1.7 mmHg (38%) reduction in mean blood pressure, intracranial pressure and central venous pressure after posture change from supine to upright, respectively. The modelled brain drainage outflow percentage from internal jugular veins is 67% and 26% for supine and upright posture, while for head-down tilt and microgravity is 65% and 72%, respectively. The model confirmed the role of peripheral veins in regional blood redistribution during posture change from supine to upright and microgravity environment as hypothesized in literature. The model is able to reproduce the known haemodynamic effects of hydraulic pressure change and weightlessness. It also provides a virtual laboratory to examine the consequence of a wide range of orthostatic stresses on human haemodynamics

Comparison religious attitudes and aggressiveness in the satellite users and normal

In recent years is one of the factors on various aspects of life of the population, growth and technological progress and the people of them in different ways. One of the most important of these factors is satellites and satellite programs. The present method of this study is descriptive study ex post facto. Population of the study all of satellite users and normal people were city of Ilam. For study 100 patients (50 user of satellite and 50 normal subjects) as available for example in the study participated. To collect data of religiosity of muslims measures questionnaire and aggressiveness of Ahvaz was used. Data t-test for independent groups and using statistical software SPSS were analyzed. Results showed that the total score of religious attitudes and its dimensions (beliefs, experimental results and ceremonial) in satellite user groups and normal there is a significant difference. Also results showed that aggressiveness of satellite user groups and normal also there is a significant difference in such a way that the average of aggressiveness in the of satellite users more than ordinary people. According to the results of this study, experts and activists in the field of health should be the role of new technologies, cultural changes as well as the impact on adolescent risk behaviors the more they studied. © Medwell Journals, 2016

Morphometric and preliminary genetic characteristics of <i>Artemia</i> populations from Iran

Six Artemia populations, one bisexual and five parthenogenetic, from different parts of Iran were compared using morphometric and genetic characteristics. The discriminant analysis based on 19 morphometric variables showed that there are significant differences between the studied populations based on their morphological characteristics, where 85.9% of original grouped cases were correctly classified. The bisexual Artemia urmiana however exhibited a 100% separation from the parthenogenetic populations. However, a 1500 bp mitochondrial rDNA fragment showed similar RFLP patterns for all Iranian populations confirming earlier reports of a close genetic relationship between A. urmiana and parthenogenetic Artemi