Traumatic rosette cataract

Key Clinical Message One of the clinical presentations of traumatic cataracts is a rosette‐shaped posterior capsular opacity. The severity of vision loss, the patient's age, and the cornea, macula, and optic nerve states are major determinants of the therapeutic approach

A Consequence Analysis of the Explosion of Spherical Tanks Containing Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG)

A consequence analysis was performed in one of the gas refineries in Iran to investigate the risks andpotential losses resulted from accidents. Specifically, the consequences of an explosion in LPGspherical tanks were modeled using PHAST and MATLAB software. In this paper, three methods ofcalculation of PHAST software TNT, multi-energy, and BST were used. The results showed thatmulti energy method is the best method to evaluate overpressure. It was 0.150 bar and 0.159 bar in adistance of 1000 m far from the blast using PHAST and MATLAB respectively. This overpressurecan damage a wall with 30 cm thickness. It also affects the human threshold (1%) ruptured eardrum.Finally, it was found that 100% lethality in a minute happened at 285.5 m and 37.5 kW/m2 when theexplosion happened

Numerical Analysis of Nitrogen Oxides in Turbulent Lifted H2/N2 Cabra Jet Flame Issuing Into a Vitiated Coflow

This paper gives an in-depth insight into NOX (NO, NO2, and N2O) formation of H2/N2 turbulent Cabra jet flame issuing into a hot vitiated coflow. The joint composition probability density function (PDF) was employed to model the combustion and to specify the characteristics of the flame (i.e., scalar variables, concentration of species etc.). The turbulent transport term was modelled by Reynold-Average-Naiver-Stokes (RANS) SSG and molecular mixing was modelled by modified curl model. A combustion mechanism including 13 species and 34 reactions was employed to define the thermochemical state of the flame. The chemical reaction terms were resolved and accelerated by In Situ Adaptive Tabulation (ISAT). The simulation was performed at different equivalence ratios (ER), fuel jet nitrogen content ( ), coflow ( ) and jet temperatures ( ), coflow oxygen ( ) and water contents ( ). Results reveal NOX is composed of 30% NO2 and 70% NO in the burner. Reaction rate analysis at different operating points in the ignition kernel demonstrates that and are dominant reactions in NO formation, while is the main reaction in NO2 formation

Comparative In silico Study of Sex-Determining Region Y (SRY) Protein Sequences Involved in Sex-Determining

Background: The SRY gene (SRY) provides instructions for making a transcription factor called the sex-determining region Y protein. The sex-determining region Y protein causes a fetus to develop as a male. In this study, SRY of 15 spices included of human, chimpanzee, dog, pig, rat, cattle, buffalo, goat, sheep, horse, zebra, frog, urial, dolphin and killer whale were used for determine of bioinformatic differences. Methods: Nucleotide sequences of SRY were retrieved from the NCBI databank. Bioinformatic analysis of SRY is done by CLC Main Workbench version 5.5 and ClustalW (http:/www.ebi.ac.uk/clustalw/) and MEGA6 softwares. Results: The multiple sequence alignment results indicated that SRY protein sequences from Orcinus orca (killer whale) and Tursiopsaduncus (dolphin) have least genetic distance of 0.33 in these 15 species and are 99.67% identical at the amino acid level. Homosapiens and Pantroglodytes (chimpanzee) have the next lowest genetic distance of 1.35 and are 98.65% identical at the amino acid level. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the SRY proteins are conserved in the 15 species, and their evolutionary relationships are similar

An integrated method for under frequency load shedding based on hybrid intelligent system-part i: dynamic simulation

Security is one of the most vital requirements in the operation of power systems. Frequency is a reliable indicator to determine instability condition in power system, i.e. the stability of power system is closely dependent on the value of system frequency. Under Frequency Load Shedding (UFLS) is one of the most important protection systems as in many cases it is the last action taken to prevent a system blackout after a serious disturbance occurs in power system. The first part of this two part paper presents various factors in modern power systems which have significant contribution on Under Frequency Load Shedding (UFLS). A high-order multi-machine frequency response model is utilized as it the best strategy of power system dynamic simulation. Classification of modern power system components and using an equal unit for each class is proposed in this work. The results show that ANN models can also be implemented as well as a fast dynamic simulator of electric power system. This assessment includes a review of significant researches on power system dynamic simulation and frequency response model leading to an integrated UFLS system design

Ketamine versus Ketamine / magnesium Sulfate for Procedural Sedation and Analgesia in the Emergency Department: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background: The present study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) in procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) when combined with ketamine in patients with fractures in emergency departments and required short and painful emergency procedures. Materials and Methods: In this study, 100 patients with fractures and dislocations who were presented to the emergency departments and required PSA for short and painful emergency procedures were randomly allocated to groups of ketamine plus MgSO4or ketamine alone. Train of four (TOF) stimulation pattern was assessed using nerve stimulator machine and compared between groups. Results: The mean age of studied patients was 46.9 ± 9.3 years old. 48% were male and 52% were female. No significant differences were noted between groups in demographic variables. The status of TOF, 2 min after the injection of ketamine (1.5 mg/kg), in both groups was similar. After the injection of the second dose of ketamine (1 mg/kg) the status of TOF in four patients in ketamine plus MgSO4 (0.45 mg/kg) group changed, it was three quarters but in ketamine group, the status of TOF in all patients was four quarters. The difference between groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.12). Conclusion: The findings revealed that for muscle relaxation during medical procedures in the emergency department, ketamine in combination with MgSO4with this dose was not effective for muscle relaxation during procedures

An integrated method for under frequency load shedding based on hybrid intelligent system-part ii: UFLS design

The first part of this two part paper has proposed a novel strategy for frequency response modelling of modern power system, as it recommended a new application of artificial neural network in assessment of power system dynamic performance. The intelligent methods have shown a high ability in estimation and optimisation problems, as the recent advances in computer systems and intelligent methods have created new opportunities. The current paper proposes an integrated under frequency load shedding system based on genetic algorithm which is able to consider all effective factors at the same time. It also presents a new hybrid artificial neural network-genetic algorithm basis system for under frequency load shedding which is a quick, simple and applied method of UFLS. This assessment includes a review of significant researches on under frequency load shedding design and application

Flexural behavior analysis of double honeycomb steel composite encased concrete beams: An integrated experimental and finite element study

This research addresses a critical issue in composite sections—insufficient concrete flow on both sides of the steel beam web, leading to discontinuity in the filler material. The study focuses on double honeycomb beams in concrete-enclosed steel structures, categorizing them as pure and enclosed steel. A two-phase approach, comprising experimental and numerical analyses, was employed. Fabrication of specimens representing both beam types was followed by bending tests using the STD600 apparatus. The primary specimen showcased the significant advantages of composite beams over conventional steel in bending scenarios. In the experimental phase, two practical solutions were introduced—transforming beam profiles into honeycomb configurations and optimizing spatial constraints around the central linear variable differential transformer (LVDT). Finite element models, validated against test results, demonstrated the practicality and accuracy of Abaqus software. The findings highlight superior flexural behavior in composite beams, presenting promising implications for the construction industry