Relationship of Anxiety and Depression in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis

Objectives Many researchers have attempted to link the current concepts of anxiety and depression to periodontal disease. This study aimed to compare the level of anxiety and depression in Iranian patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and periodontally healthy controls.Methods Fifty CP patients and 50 periodontally healthy controls participated in this study according to our eligibility criteria. Periodontal clinical examination was performed using a Williams probe. The clinical attachment loss (CAL), pocket probing depth (PPD) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded for all teeth except for third molars. In order to psychologically assess the individuals, the Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck’s Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were used. The mean scores of BAI and BDI were compared between the two groups using the Student t-test.Results The mean age of participants was 44.86±8.07 years. The mean score of BDI was 13.58±8.35 in periodontally healthy controls and 25.62±13.01 in CP patients. The mean score of BAI was 9.9±5.65 in the control and 21.02±13.63 in the test group. The Student t-test revealed a significant difference between the two groups in total score of BDI and BAI (P<0.000). A significant correlation was noted between the BDI and age (P=0.027) but BAI had no significant correlation with age (P=0.245).Conclusion According to the results of this study, the level of anxiety and depression in CP patients was higher than that in periodontally healthy controls in our study populatio

Huge maxillary metastasis of an aggressive pancoast tumor –A case report

Background: Metastatic carcinomas to the upper jaw region are very rare and unfortunately occur in advanced stages of malignancies. Pancoast tumor is a challenging subset of lung carcinoma commonly followed by distant metastasis. Since the metastatic lesion of our patient was very huge and unusual, we decided to report the case. Case Presentation: Our patient was a middle-aged heavy smoker male with a history of unresectable pancoast tumor. He was referred to the dental clinic with an expanded maxillary metastasis involving the bone and sinus region as well as oral soft tissues. To confirm the primary site of his malignancy, immunohistochemical staining was performed. Conclusion: Distant metastases of a pancoast tumor are more frequent when the primary tumor is unoperable and bone involvement is one of the early manifestations of disease

A Proposal for a New Method of Modeling of the Quantum Dot Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers

With the advancement of nanoscale semiconductor technology,semiconductor optical amplifiers are used to amplify and process all-optical signals. Inthis paper, with the aim of calculating the gain of quantum dot semiconductor opticalamplifier (QD-SOA), two groups of rate equations and the optical signal propagatingequation are used in the active layer of the device. For this purpose, the relatedequations are presented coherently. In our model, the rate equations that are ordinarydifferential equations (ODE) are solved by the Runge-Kutta method. The rate equationsare based on the occupation probabilities of the energy levels instead of the carrierdensities. On the other hand, the signal propagating equation is a partial differentialequation (PDE) and is solved by using the SLICE technique. Therefore, a suitablesolution for numerical modeling is presented. Based on the presented method, modelingis implemented in the MATLAB environment. The modeling results show a remarkableaccuracy of the model. Also, the proposed model is simple and the runtime is too shortin comparison with other similar models

A distributed approach for estimation of information matrix in smart grids and its application for anomaly detection

Statistical structure learning (SSL)-based approaches have been employed in the recent years to detect different types of anomalies in a variety of cyber-physical systems (CPS). Although these approaches outperform conventional methods in the literature, their computational complexity, need for large number of measurements and centralized computations have limited their applicability to large-scale networks. In this work, we propose a distributed, multi-agent maximum likelihood (ML) approach to detect anomalies in smart grid applications aiming at reducing computational complexity, as well as preserving data privacy among different players in the network. The proposed multi-agent detector breaks the original ML problem into several local (smaller) ML optimization problems coupled by the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). Then, these local ML problems are solved by their corresponding agents, eventually resulting in the construction of the global solution (network\u27s information matrix). The numerical results obtained from two IEEE test (power transmission) systems confirm the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed approach for anomaly detection

Effect of Cowś milk-free diet on chronic constipation in children; A randomized clinical trial

Background: Cow’s milk intolerance can lead to chronic constipation in children. The present study seeks to determine the effect of cow’s milk-free diet (CMFD) on chronic constipation in children who are not responding to laxatives. Methods: Seventy children suffering from chronic constipation (described as the Rome III criteria) were enrolled in an open-label randomized clinical study. Each group included 35 children aged 4-14 years treated with laxatives for at least three months with no improvements. The intervention group received CMFD plus calcium supplements for four weeks and the control group did not have any restrictions in consuming cow’s milk and dairy products. Also, both groups received polyethylene glycol (PEG; 1 gr/kg/day) and high-fiber foods (at least 10 gr/day) for four weeks. Responsiveness was described as a reduction in symptoms and signs according to the Rome III criteria after four weeks. Results: After four weeks, 25 (71.4) children in the CMFD group responded to the treatment compared to four (11.4) children in the control group (P<0.001). Significant differences were found between the CMFD and control groups in terms of the seven Rome III criteria post-intervention; history of large stools (25 vs. 53.6), large fecal mass in the rectum during examination (17.1 vs. 50), history of painful defecation (18.2 vs. 55.6), history of retentive posturing (10 vs. 46), ≥1 episode/week of incontinence (25 vs. 50, P=0.001), ≤ 2 defecations/week (17.4 vs. 52.3) and history of thick stool with toilet obstruction (22.2 vs. 52.3) Conclusion: This study showed that children with functional constipation with no response to laxatives could benefit from a cow’s milk-free and dairy-free diet

Arteriovenous thrombosis, a complication of induction therapy with all‐trans retinoic acid for acute promyelocytic leukemia: A case report

Key Clinical Message We report a case of arterial and venous thrombosis during induction therapy. This case emphasizes considering some degree of caution for thrombotic events in APL patients which was represented in our case as abdominal pain. Rapid initiation of anticoagulation and preventive measures is suggested for better management of the condition

Evaluation of the developmental outcome in children with congenital hypothyroidism

Background: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is one of the most common endocrine diseases and one of the major causes of mental retardation in children. So we aimed to evaluate the developmental outcome of children with CH. Methods: This case-control study was performed on two 3-6-year-old groups of 100 patients. The case group was children with CH, referred to Endocrine Clinic of Amirkola Childrenchr('39')s Hospital (2011-2017) and the control group was healthy children and normal from other states. The Denver developmental screening test-II (DDSTII) was used to assess the developmental factors and disorders in four areas of gross motor, fine motor, personal-social and language. Data were analyzed by SPSS 21 using descriptive statistics, t-test and chi-square, and a p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The mean age of 200 children in the case and control groups was 54.62±15.72 and 59.68±15.64 months, respectively. In the case group, 45 and 55 of them had transient and permanent CH, respectively. All four criteria of DDSTII in the control group as well as gross motor in the case group were normal, but fine motor, personal-social and language were reported normal in 94, 95 and 93 of the case group, respectively. All subjects with abnormal DDSTII, had a negative neonatal screening tests. Conclusion: The results obtained from DDSTII indicated that 6 of children with CH had an abnormal development, all who had an onset of medical treatment over 30 days, which makes it important to screen the neonatal thyroid disease and diagnose this disease timely