Dietary thyme essential oil (Thymus vulgaris) changes serum stress markers, enzyme activity, and hematological parameters in gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) exposed to silver nanoparticles

Gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) juveniles with an average weight of 8.73± 2.1 g were fed a basal diet (control) and three experimental diets (T200, T400 and T800), containing 200, 400 and 800 mgkg^-1, respectively of thyme essential oil (Thymus vulgaris) for six weeks. After six weeks feeding trial, both control and thyme essential oil-added feed groups were exposed to sub-acute toxicity of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) for a period of 96 h. At 96 h after exposure, the number of erythrocytes (RBC), leucocyte (WBC), hematocrit (Hct), hemoglobin (Hb), the differential leukocyte count in blood and alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, cortisol and lactate in serum were measured. The results revealed feeding a thyme essential oil diet significantly conferred resistance to oxidative stress with sub-acute toxicity of Ag-NPs. Thyme essential oil enhanced the RBC and WBC count, hematocrit and hemoglobin content, at both low (T400) and high doses (T800). Biochemical analysis showed that serum ALT and AST activities, and LDL-cholesterol in the thyme essential oil-added feed groups were significantly reduced with increasing dietary thyme essential oil. Plasma HDL-cholesterol was significantly elevated by a high-dose of dietary thyme essential oil (T800). Furthermore, cortisol and lactate levels in serum significantly decreased throughout the thyme essential oil-added feed groups compared to the control. In summary, the use of thyme essential oil at 400 and 800 mgkg^-1, as dietary supplements, has potential to decrease oxidative stress of gibel carp providing resistance to non-fatal effects of pollutant by Ag-NPs

Low‐Temperature PureB CVD Technology for CMOS Compatible Photodetectors

In this chapter, a new technology for low‐temperature (LT, 400°C) boron deposition is developed, which provides a smooth, uniform, closed LT boron layer. This technology is successfully employed to create near‐ideal LT PureB (pure boron) diodes with low, deep junction‐like saturation currents, allowing full integration of LT PureB photodiodes with electronic interface circuits and other sensors on a single chip. In this way, smart‐sensor systems or even charge‐coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) ultraviolet (UV) imagers can be realised

Influence of gravitational field on quantum-nondemolition measurement of atomic momentum in the dispersive Jaynes-Cummings model

We present a theoretical scheme based on su(2) algebra to investigate the influence of homogeneous gravitational field on the quantum nondemolition measurement of atomic momentum in dispersive Jaynes-Cummings model. In the dispersive Jaynes-Cummings model, when detuning is large and the atomic motion is in a propagating light wave, we consider a two-level atom with quantized cavity-field in the presence of a homogeneous gravitational field. We derive an effective Hamiltonian describing the dispersive atom-field interaction in the presence of gravitational field. We can see gravitational influence both on the momentum filter and momentum distribution. Moreover, gravitational field decreases both tooth spacing of momentum and the width of teeth of momentum.Comment: 21 pages, 8 figure

An LC-MS-MS method for the determination of cyclizine in human serum

Cyclizine is a piperazine derivative with anti-emetic activity that is useful in the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with motion sickness. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) method is presented for the quantitation of cyclizine in serum. Sample pretreatment involved liquid-liquid extraction of 200 μl of serum with dichloromethane after the addition of 100 μl each of ammonium hydroxide and internal standard solutions. The extracts were analyzed by HPLC on a Luna ® C18 reversed-phase column and an ion-trap mass spectrometer with an electrospray interface. A limit of detection of 1 ng/ml was determined which allowed for the reliable measurement of cyclizine in the serum of human subjects. The method was found to be linear over the calibration range of 2.5-100 ng/ml. The applicability of this method was demonstrated by the analysis of serum obtained from a human volunteer following administration of a single 50 mg cyclizine hydrochloride tablet. The reported method was observed to have the necessary sensitivity, selectivity, precision and accuracy for monitoring cyclizine concentrations in human subjects following oral administration

Effects of weight and length of Barbus grypus broodstock on fingerlings production and growth

The effects of weight and length of Barbus grypus broodstock on fingerlings reproductive characteristics and growth were investigated. We chose three female treatments including weight and length groups (1) 2212.5±479g, 62.68±6.7cm, (2) 4518±780g, 79.12±4.36cm and (3) 7712.5±1171g, 92.62±3.13cm. The same male broodstock were used for all the treatments with the weight and length size of 1400±100g, 54.62±7.35cm. Female broodstock were injected 3mg/kg PG hormone two times at an interval of 10 hours. Males were injected 2mg/kg once at the time females received their second injection. Larvae and fingerling survival rate and growth indices (special growth coefficient, condition factor) up to the fingerling stage were calculated for all treatments of larvae culture. Fingerling stage in ponds, 02, pH, temperature, transparency, nitrate, and phosphate were measured and no significant difference was observed (P>0.05) among the ponds. The special growth rate, condition factor, and fingerling survival of the treatments showed no significant differences (P>0.05). However, our results indicated that larvae survival rate had significant differences between treatment 2 and other treatments (P<0.05). These indices increase in broodstock weight up to treatment 2 (4518±780g, 79.12±4.36cm) and after that it will be lowered. We conclude that the treatment 2 broodstock are ideal for fingerling survival and enhancement of growth and condition factors