Effect of Low Intensity Cathodal Direct Current on Rate of Healing and Quality Of Life in Diabetic Patients with Ischemic Foot Ulcer

Introduction: Adjunctive treatment using electrical stimulation has recently been shown to promote healing in patients with diabetic foot ulcer. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether low intensity cathodal direct current electrical stimulation improves healing rate of foot ulcers and health related quality of life in diabetic patients. Materials and methods: A total of 30 type 2 diabetic patients with ischemic foot ulcer were included in the present randomized, single-blind, placebo controlled trial. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either electrical stimulation therapy (direct current with low intensity, ES group, n=15) or sham treatment (placebo group, n=15) for 1 h/day, 3 days/week, for 4 weeks (12 sessions). Improvement ratio of wound and quality of life was evaluated at the 1st and 12th sessions. The quality of life was assessed using SF-36 questionnaire. Results: The mean of improvement ratio was significantly higher in the electrical stimulation group (59.4%) compared with that of the placebo group (27.07%) at the 12th session (P=0.02). Overall score of quality of life significantly increased in the electrical stimulation group as compared with that for the placebo group (0.01). Conclusion: By promotion of wound healing, applied low intensity cathodal direct current may increase the health-related quality of life in diabetic patients with ischemic foot ulcer.Key words: Diabetics, Ischemic foot ulcers, Low intensity direct current, Wound improvement rate, Quality of lif

Rzadki przypadek współwystępowania nadczynności przytarczyc i zespołu Turnera - opis przypadku

Przedstawiony przez autorów opis przypadku zawiera ocenę kliniczną, wyniki badań laboratoryjnych, radiologicznych, patomorfologicznych 37-letniej kobiety, u której początkowo rozpoznano osteomalację przebiegu zespołu Turnera i zastosowano suplementację wapnia i witaminy D. Ze względu na szybką progresję Ca we krwi rozszerzono diagnostykę, rozpoznając dodatkowo nadczynność przytarczyc spowodowaną gruczolakiem tego narządu.We present the clinical, laboratory, radiological and pathological findings in the case and review the literature. Our patient, a 37-year-old woman of short stature, was referred because of musculoskeletal pain. After primary evaluation, she underwent treatment with calcium and vitamin D supplement with the diagnosis of osteomalacia in Turner’s syndrome. The rise of serum calcium during medical therapy, which was an unusual finding, attracted the clinician’s attention to another underlying disorder. Further evaluation revealed primary hyperparathyroidism due to an adenoma of the parathyroid gland. Even though this is a rare diagnosis, its presence should be considered in any patient with Turner’s syndrome presenting with severe osteoporosis and a rise in serum calcium during treatment

A fully distributed revocable ciphertext-policy hierarchical attribute-based encryption without pairing

Several appealing features of cloud computing such as cost-effectiveness and user-friendliness have made many users and enterprises interested to outsource their sensitive data for sharing via cloud. However, it causes many new challenges toward data confidentiality, access control , scalability, and flexibility. Ciphertext-policy Hierarchical attribute-based encryption (CP-HABE) can be a promising solution to the mentioned problems. But, the existing HABE schemes have several limitations in their key delegation and user revocation mechanisms. In this work, to solve these problems, we introduce the concept of \textit{fully distributed revocable } CP-HABE (FDR-CP-HABE) system and propose the first FDR-CP-HABE scheme. The proposed scheme provides a high level of flexibility and scalability in the key delegation and user revocation mechanisms. Moreover, our proposed system is pairing-free and realizes lightweight computing in decryption phase. Indeed, by exploiting the computational operation outsourcing technique, most of the operations have been done by the powerful cloud service provider and very few computations have been leaved to the data user. Also, in our scheme the storage cost on the data user side has been decreased, compared to the other similar works. Moreover, using the hardness assumption of Decisional Bilinear Diffie-Hellman (DBDH) problem, we show that the proposed scheme is adaptively semantically secure in the standard model

Pituitary Macroprolactinoma with Mildly Elevated Serum Prolactin: Hook Effect

A 45-year-old man was admitted in our department with complaints of severe headache for over 6 months period. He also suffered from several problems such as visual field defect, decreased energy and libido, body hair loss, cold intolerance, decreased appetite and dry skin. On physical examination, he was afebrile: BP (blood pressure): 110/70 mm/Hg, PR (pulse rate) :65 beat/min, BMI (body mass index): 24. He had no terminal hair on face or chest and subcutaneous adipose tissue mass had been decreased substantially. Laboratory tests revealed; Hb: 12 g/dL (N: 14–17 g/dL), Total testosterone: 1.2 ng/mL (N:–-10 ng/mL), Luteinizing hormone (LH):3.3MIU/mL (N:1–8 MIU/mL), Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH):1.3 MIU/mL (N:1–7 MIU/mL), T4:3.4 micg/dL (N:4–12 micg/dL), TSH:0.6 MIU/mL (N:0.5–5 MIU/mL), Prolactin:100 ng/mL (2–24 ng/mL), serum cortisol:6 MIU/mL (N:4–21 MIU/mL), IGF1:162 ng/mL (50–245). Pituitary MRI showed macroadenoma (29*16*14 mm) in left side of sella turcica which bulged to suprasellar cistern with pressure effect on left optic nerve (Figure 1, 2). Visual field examination revealed mild temporal hemianopia. These findings are consistent with macroadenoma and mild prolactin elevation. We also observed a discrepancy between pituitary tumor size and prolactin level. The correct estimate of serum prolactin was obtained after serial dilutional measurement. Serum prolactin after dilution was 6470 ng/mL. With these findings pituitary macroadenoma was diagnosed and treatment with cabergoline (dopamine agonist) 0.5 mg/week was started. After one month follow-up he had no symptoms, visual field defect was improved and pituitary MRI showed significant shrinkage of tumor

Pituitary Macroprolactinoma with Mildly Elevated Serum Prolactin: Hook Effect

A 45-year-old man was admitted in our department with complaints of severe headache for over 6 months period. He also suffered from several problems such as visual field defect, decreased energy and libido, body hair loss, cold intolerance, decreased appetite and dry skin. On physical examination, he was afebrile: BP (blood pressure): 110/70 mm/Hg, PR (pulse rate) :65 beat/min, BMI (body mass index): 24. He had no terminal hair on face or chest and subcutaneous adipose tissue mass had been decreased substantially. Laboratory tests revealed; Hb: 12 g/dL (N: 14–17 g/dL), Total testosterone: 1.2 ng/mL (N:–-10 ng/mL), Luteinizing hormone (LH):3.3MIU/mL (N:1–8 MIU/mL), Follicle Stimulating hormone (FSH):1.3 MIU/mL (N:1–7 MIU/mL), T4:3.4 micg/dL (N:4–12 micg/dL), TSH:0.6 MIU/mL (N:0.5–5 MIU/mL), Prolactin:100 ng/mL (2–24 ng/mL), serum cortisol:6 MIU/mL (N:4–21 MIU/mL), IGF1:162 ng/mL (50–245). Pituitary MRI showed macroadenoma (29*16*14 mm) in left side of sella turcica which bulged to suprasellar cistern with pressure effect on left optic nerve (Figure 1, 2). Visual field examination revealed mild temporal hemianopia. These findings are consistent with macroadenoma and mild prolactin elevation. We also observed a discrepancy between pituitary tumor size and prolactin level. The correct estimate of serum prolactin was obtained after serial dilutional measurement. Serum prolactin after dilution was 6470 ng/mL. With these findings pituitary macroadenoma was diagnosed and treatment with cabergoline (dopamine agonist) 0.5 mg/week was started. After one month follow-up he had no symptoms, visual field defect was improved and pituitary MRI showed significant shrinkage of tumor

Giant prolactinoma: case report and review of literature

“Invasive giant prolactinoma” is a large prolactinoma (>4 cm in dimension) presenting with serum prolactin levels of >1000 ng/dL and mass related clinical symptoms. Here we report a patient with a giant prolactinoma presented with central hypogonadism, suppressed adrenal and thyroid function, supra sellar extension, visual field impairment and high prolactin level. The patient was treated with cabergoline, levothyroxin and prednisolone. After 18 months, tumor size markedly reduced, associated with adrenal function and visual field improvement, but central hypogonadism and secondary hypothyroidism persisted. Previous studies showed normalization of thyrotropin secretion after treatment but it remained low in our patient even after 18 months follow up

Nutrients as novel therapeutic approaches for metabolic disturbances in polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders among women. This disease is characterized by infertility, menstrual dysfunction, and hyperandrogenism. Also, PCOS is often associated with hyperlipidemia and impaired glucose tolerance, conditions that are associated with cardiovascular disorder, type 2 diabetes, cancer and hypertension. Evidence supports that some nutrients may affect the hormonal and metabolic disturbances of PCOS. Here in this study, we aimed to review the available literature that assessed the nutrients such as inostol, isoflavonids, resveratrol, vitamin D, and PUFA (polyunsaturated fatty acids), known to influence the hormonal and metabolic disturbances of PCOS, along with the strategies and future directions of nutrient supplementations in such patients

Morphometric Characteristics and Time to Hatch as Efficacious Indicators for Potential Nanotoxicity Assay in Zebrafish

Although the effects of nano-sized titania (nTiO2) on hatching events (change in hatching time and total hatching) in zebrafish have been reported, additional consequences of nTiO2 exposure (i.e., the effects of nTiO2-induced changes in hatching events and morphometric parameters on embryo-larvae development and survivability) have not been reported. To address this knowledge gap, embryos 4 h postfertilization were exposed to nTiO2 (0, 0.01, 10, and 1000 μg/mL) for 220 h. Hatching rate (58, 82, and 106 h postexposure [hpe]), survival rate (8 times from 34 to 202 hpe), and 21 morphometric characteristics (8 times from 34 to 202 hpe) were recorded. Total hatching (rate at 106 hpe) was significantly and positively correlated to survival rate, but there was no direct association between nTiO2-induced change in hatching time (hatching rate at 58 and 82 hpe) and survival rate. At 58, 82, and 106 hpe, morphometric characteristics were significantly correlated to hatching rate, suggesting that the nTiO2-induced change in hatching time can affect larval development. The morphometric characteristics that were associated with change in hatching time were also significantly correlated to survival rate, suggesting an indirect significant influence of the nTiO2-induced change in hatching time on survivability. These results show a significant influence of nTiO2-induced change in hatching events on zebrafish embryo-larvae development and survivability. They also show that morphometric maldevelopments can predict later-in-life consequences (survivability) of an embryonic exposure to nTiO2. This suggests that zebrafish can be sensitive biological predictors of nTiO2 acute toxicity