Distal Catheter Migration into Scrotum as a Rare Complication of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt in Pediatrics; A Case Series

Introduction: Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement is the common treatment approach in children with hydrocephalus. Complications of VP shunt are not uncommon but some are unusual and rare. Except infection and obstruction, other complications of VP shunts are uncommon and distal catheter migration into scrotum is one of the rarest ones. Case presentation: Here we present a rare complication of VP shunt, distal catheter migration into scrotum, in 4 patients that presented with scrotal swelling or bulging in the inguinal region, who underwent surgery for replacment of the distal cathether in peritoneum and processus vaginalis repair.Conclusion: In patients with a history of VP shunt placement who candidate for surgery due to inguinal hernia or hydrocele, possible migration of distal catheter should keep in mind by the surgeon. This complication can occur as early as at the time of shunt placement or delayed.&nbsp

Distal Catheter Migration into Scrotum as a Rare Complication of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt in Pediatrics; A Case Series

Introduction: Ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement is the common treatment approach in children with hydrocephalus. Complications of VP shunt are not uncommon but some are unusual and rare. Except infection and obstruction, other complications of VP shunts are uncommon and distal catheter migration into scrotum is one of the rarest ones. Case presentation: Here we present a rare complication of VP shunt, distal catheter migration into scrotum, in 4 patients that presented with scrotal swelling or bulging in the inguinal region, who underwent surgery for replacment of the distal cathether in peritoneum and processus vaginalis repair. Conclusion: In patients with a history of VP shunt placement who candidate for surgery due to inguinal hernia or hydrocele, possible migration of distal catheter should keep in mind by the surgeon. This complication can occur as early as at the time of shunt placement or delayed.&nbsp

Short-Term Family-Focused Psycho-Educational Program for Bipolar Mood Disorder in Mashhad

Background: Bipolar mood disorder type 1 is one of the mostserious psychiatric disorders. We aimed to assess the efficacyof a short-term family–focused treatment for patients with bipolarmood disorder type 1 in a one-year follow-up period.Methods: Sixty patients with bipolar mood disorder and acutemania episodes who referred to Ibn-e-Sina Psychiatric Hospitalin Mashhad were recruited. Half of them were randomly assignedto the psycho-education group. Their available adultfamily members received a psycho-educational training sessionbefore the patients' discharge from the hospital. All patients receivedconcurrent appropriate pharmacotherapy and psychotherapy.All the patients were evaluated by a blind home-visit teamevery 3 months for a period of one year. The evaluation includedthe number of psychiatric visits, patients' adherence, relapsestatus, number of re-hospitalizations, and time to relapse.Results: Fifty-seven patients completed the trial. In the experimentalgroup, there were four patients with relapse(13.79%) and in the control group nine patients (31.58%) hadrelapse of the disorder (P=0.006). The mean time of takingmedications in the education group was 11.41 months. Thistime was 9.14 months in the control group (P<0.001). Therewas also a significant difference between the two groups interms of frequency of psychiatric visits (P<0.001).Conclusion: Short–term family-focused psycho-education isan effective adjunct to pharmacotherapy for bipolar mood disorder.Further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy andcost-effectiveness of long-term family-focused psychoeducationaltreatment for patients with bipolar mood disorder

Investigating the barriers of the green human resource management implementation in oil industry

There is a growing need for the integration of environmental management into Human Resource Management (HRM) practices; such effort is known as Green HRM initiatives. The aim of this study is to identify barriers of green human resource management in Iran's oil industry. For this purpose, mixed method has been used. In the article, existing literature was examined and questions were designed and 12 experts of international oil industry were interviewed. The aim of these interviews was to design questionnaire and collects the necessary information. To examine the reliability of the questionnaires, Cronbach alpha coefficient was equal to 0.732, which validated the reliability of the questionnaire. Finally, the questionnaires were shared among 31 members of oil's experts and HR managers. The results of the study have shown that the lack of comprehensive plan to implement green HRM and ambiguous of green values were in the highest level and they were considered as the most important barriers. Furthermore, staff resistance had the lowest importance

Comparative Dermatoglyphic Study between Autistic Patients and Normal People in Iran

Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder originating from early childhood; nevertheless, its diagnosis is in older ages. In addition to heredity, environmental factors are also of great significance in the etiology of the disease. Dermatoglyphic patterns, albeit varied, remain stable for a lifetime and yield a large number of patterns upon examination. Studies have shown a significant association between dermatoglyphics and some diseases, especially genetic ones. We compared fingerprints between patients with autism and normal individuals in a Fars population living in Khorasan-Razavi Province, Iran, in 2015. The right and left hand fingerprints of 104 autistic individuals (case group; age range=5–15 y) were collected using a fingerprint scanner. The same process was performed for 102 healthy individuals, in the age range of 6 to 25 years. All dermatoglyphic patterns and ridge counts were determined. The data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney nonparametric test and binomial distribution. There was a significant difference in the distribution of the dermatoglyphic patterns on the right and left thumbs and the index fingers between the case and control groups (P<0.05). The patients had a significantly higher count of loops on their right and left thumbs and their index fingers. A significant decrease in ridge counts for the right and left thumbs and the index fingers was observed in the patients compared to the controls. The results suggested that the patterns were associated with the risk of autism. The patterns may be drawn upon as biometric parameters in the screening of children with autism

Effect of Discharge Education on Quality of Life and Hospital Readmission in Patients with Heart Failure: Is It Effective?

Background: A relatively common disease, congestive heart failure has a significant effect on the quality of life. Given that hospital admission is an important problem in patients afflicted with congestive heart failure, we sought to evaluate the effect of discharge education on the quality of life and hospital readmission in this group of patients. Methods: Eighty patients admitted with decompensated heart failure were selected and divided into 2 matched groups. The quality of life scores were measured for each patient. Upon discharge and during the first week after that, the intervention group received 3 sessions of education. Both groups were followed for 6 months. Data on the readmission rate and quality of life scores were collected. Results: The baseline quality of life scores in the control and education subjects were similar (p-value: NS). The quality of life scores showed a significant improvement at 3 and 6 months’ follow-up in the education group. The hospital readmission rate, however, was higher in the control group at 3 and 6 months’ follow-up. Conclusion: The present study showed that discharge education could enhance the quality of life and reduce the rate of hospital readmission in those suffering from congestive heart failure. It is, therefore, advisable that self-care training and discharge education be incorporated in the heart failure management strategy

Depression and its Correlation with Self-esteem and Social Support among Iranian University Students

"nObjective: Considering the effects of the level of social support and self-esteem as risk factors in the onset and continuation of depression, the purpose of the current study (in addition to studying the demographic items of depression) was to investigate the correlation between depression and level of social support and self-esteem in Iranian university students studying non medical majors. "nMethod: The study was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytic research carried out on the students of Ferdowsi University of Mashhad in 2006. Self administered questionnaires on socio-demographic information (age, gender, marital status, and educational level), Eysenk self-esteem scale, Beck Depression Inventory and Cassidy social support scale were randomly given out to students who were selected by multi stage randomized sampling. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 14 using the χ2-test. "nResults: 1200 students responded to the anonymous questionnaires. A total of 57.2% of the participants had depression (36.3% mild, 14.4% moderate and 6.5% severe). Depression was significantly higher in males, singles and in 25-29-year-old students. Results showed that 9.4%, 18.3% and 72.3% of the participants reported low, moderate and high levels of social support respectively. 1.8% and 6.3% of the participants reported low and moderate levels of self-esteem respectively; while 91.9% reported high levels of self-esteem. "nConclusion: Depression has a higher rate in non-medical university students of Iran than general population. Levels of social support and self-esteem were negatively associated with frequency of depression

OriginalŒ8.pmd

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder among patients visited following an orthopedic traumatic injury and to identify changes in vital signs and demographic variables associated with the disorder. Design: Descriptive study. Place and duration of study: The study was done on one hundred patients admitted to outpatient orthopedic clinic in Imam Reza Hospital (Mashhad, IRAN). The study was carried out during spring and summer of 2006. Subjects and Methods: Upon admission, demographic information, pain intensity according to patient&apos;s sense, pulse rate, blood pressure were assessed and General Health Questionnaire-28 was filled for the patients. Then symptoms of PTSD were evaluated on the beginning and after one and three months follow up based on DSM-IV criteria. The initial data from the patients developing PTSD after one and three months were compared with those without the disease. Results: After one month, 5 patients (8.3%) and after three months 6 patients (12.8%) had complete PTSD criteria and 10 patients (16.7%) after one month and 6 patients (12.8%) after three months developed subsyndromal PTSD. Presence of high pulse rate (P=0.000), high intensity of the tolerated pain (p=0.000), more somatization symptoms (p=0.041) and more anxiety symptoms (p=0.039) predicted the development of PTSD after one month and presence of high pulse rate (P=0.000), high intensity of the tolerated pain (P=0.000), high maximum blood pressure (P=0.047), more somatization symptoms (P=0.019) and more anxiety symptoms (P=0.024) predicted the development of PTSD after three months. Conclusion: High Blood Pressure, pulse rate and pain as well as more anxiety and somatization symptoms upon experience of trauma may increase rate of PTSD in sever orthopedic patients