Investigation of fruition rate and satisfaction of population from Baghodrat health center (Population research bare 2008)

Introduction: Health system services are an important program and successful from it’s in our country. Those principles are based on sameness. Social justice and community participation Fruition and satisfaction of population are an important aspect PHC (Primary health care). Objective: This study was done to evaluate fruition rat and satisfaction of population in the community research center of Kerman. Materials and Methods: This study is cross sectional and from kind of community Based participatory research. Views 328 person’s with method of cluster was c collected and data analysis was done. Results: 32.9 Percent had no file. Average 69.9 percent used not from services and only 17.7 percent used regularly and 13.8 percent irregularly. 23.8 percent were unsatisfactory. Among of 7 services had best of situation vaccination that 47% percent of population used regularly and 94.5 were unsatisfactory opposite 17% percent used from dentist services and 34.5 percent were un satisfaction. Conclusion: Census of region and to inform of population and supervise by responsible from this center is necessary that use from potentiality better Keywords: Satisfaction, Fruition, Health services, PRB

Voltammetric folic acid sensor based on nickel ferrite nanoparticles modified-screen printed graphite electrode

In this study, an electrochemical sensor for the quantification of folic acid with voltam­metric detection in physiological conditions was constructed. For this purpose, nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) nanoparticles were used to modify the surface of a screen-printed graphite electrode (NiFe2O4/SPGE) and applied in the determination of folic acid. The modified electrode displays a strong electrochemical response to folic acid. Folic acid was determined electrochemically using the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique with a detection limit of 0.09±0.001 µM in 0.2–147.0 µM linear range in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.0 with this NiFe2O4/SPGE sensor, which has the best electron transfer rate. Also, the sensitivity of the modified electrode was obtained as 0.1139 µA µM-1. The NiFe2O4/SPGE sensor was successfully applied for the determination of folic acid in real samples

Electrochemical sensor for determination of hydroxylamine using functionalized Fe3O4nanoparticles and graphene oxide modified screen-printed electrode

A simple strategy for determination of hydroxylamine based on Fe3O4nanoparticles function-nalized by [2-(4-((3-(trimethoxysilyl)propylthio)methyl)1-H1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)aceticacid] (FNPs) and graphene oxide (GO) modified screen-printed electrode (SPE), denoted as (Fe3O4FNPs/GO/SPE), is reported. The electrochemical behavior of hydroxylamine was investigated at Fe3O4FNPs/GO/SPE by cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and chro-noamperometry (CHA) techniques in phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0). Fe3O4FNPs/GO/SPE as a novel electrochemical sensor exhibited catalytic activity toward the oxidation of hydroxylami-ne. The potential of hydroxylamine oxidation was shifted to more negative potentials, and its oxidation peak current increased on the modified electrode, also indicatingthat under these conditions,the electrochemical process is irreversible. The electrocatalytic current of hydroxyl-amine showed a good relationship in the concentration range of 0.05–700.0 μM, with a detection limit of 10.0 nM. The proposed electrode was applied for the determination of hydroxylamine in water samples, too

A novel dopamine electrochemical sensor based on La3+/ZnO nanoflower modified graphite screen printed electrode

Flower-like La3+/ZnO nanocomposite was facile synthesized. A simple and ultrasensitive sensor based on graphite screen printed electrode (SPE) modified by La3+/ZnO nanoflower was developed for the electrochemical determination of dopamine. The electrochemical behavior of dopamine was studied in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) using cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Compared with the unmodified graphite screen printed electrode, the modified electrode facilitates the electron transfer of dopamine, since it notably increases the oxidation peak current of dopamine. Also, according to CV results the maximum oxidation of dopamine on La3+/ZnO/SPE occurs at 150 mV which is about 140 mV more negative compared with unmodified SPE. Under optimized conditions, the modified electrode exhibited a linear response over the concentration range from 0.15 to 300.0 μM, with a detection limit of 0.08 μM (S/N = 3). The proposed sensor exhibited a high sensitivity, good stability and was successfully applied for dopamine determination in dopamine ampoule, with high recovery

Changes in the pattern of opium addiction in Bam after the earthquake

Introduction: Opium abuse is a serious public health threat of various magnitudes in Iran and neighboring countries. We conducted this study to explore the rate and intensity of opium addiction in Bam before the earthquake in comparison to the data collected after the earthquake.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the city of Bam in 2010. We used cluster random sampling method to collect data. This was done through house-to-house visits by a team of trained indigenous health personnel and informants. The status of addiction was achieved through case informants and confirmed by an experienced physician.Results: Opium addiction was significantly higher in men aged more than 50 (46%), illiterates (29.8%), labors/farmers (51.3%), private (50.7%) and jobless (21.6%) participants. Majority of the addicts (17.1%) were from the suburban areas (17.1%) as compared with those in urban areas (13.6%, P Conclusion: It seems that earthquake is a major traumatic risk factor for such an epidemic condition compared to the previous state of opium addiction. The present findings could be used for future prophylactic measures and therapeutic control strategies. These findings can be applied in clinical practice for active detection of opioid cases and subsequent treatment

Glutathione detection at carbon paste electrode modified with ethyl 2-(4-ferrocenyl-[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)acetate, ZnFe2O4nano-particles and ionic liquid

The purpose of the present study was to introduce a newly designed approach for deter-mination of glutathione using modified carbon paste electrode with ZnFe2O4nanoparticles, ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) and ethyl-2-(4-ferrocenyl--[1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)acetate (EFTA/ZFO/IL/CPE). According to the results from the electro-chemical experiments, oxidation current of glutathione on the modified electrode surface was incremented and its oxidation potential was decreased compared to bare CPE. A linear response was observed for the electrode at different glutathioneconcentrations (0.2 to 300.0 μM)

Electrochemical measurements of ascorbic acid based on graphite screen printed electrode modified with La3+/Co3O4 nanocubes transducer

Electrochemical characterization of ascorbic acid oxidation on a graphite screen printed electrode (SPE) modified with La3+/Co3O4nanocubes is performed by applying cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CHA), and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques. Synthesized La3+/Co3O4nanocubes for SPE modification, La3+/Co3O4/SPE, enhance the ascorbic acid electrooxidation kinetics by reducing the anodic overpotential. Excellent La3+/Co3O4/SPE electrochemical properties provide sensitive ascorbic acid voltammetric determination with low detection limit, good stability and quick response towards electrooxidation of ascorbic acid as compared to bare SPE. Under optimized conditions, DPV current demonstrates a linear response for ascorbic acid over a concentration range of 1.0 to 900.0 mM with a correlation coefficient of 0.9997, and detection limit (LOD) (S/N = 3) = 0.3 mM. The proposed procedure offers a potential application for producing the sensor with good repeatability. Also, fast response of fabricated sensor can allow a real-time analysis of real samples

A sensitive Cu(salophen) modified screen-printed electrode for simultaneous determination of dopamine and uric acid

This research applied a nanostructured electrochemical sensor with a screen-printed electrode (SPE) for examining the dopamine (DA) electrocatalytic oxidation when uric acid (UA) was present. Cu(salophen) nanostructured modified SPE (Cu(salophen)/SPE)was employed to investigate the electrochemical behavior of DA. At optimal pH (pH7.0), oxidation of DA at the modified electrode takes place at a potential around 100 mV less positive than at the unmodified SPE. Chronoamperometry was used to determine the diffusion coefficient of DA (D=1.96×10-5cm2s-1). Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) showed linear response in the range between 0.2-450.0 μM for DA. The limit of detection (LOD) of DA was computed to be 0.05 μM. Moreover, Cu(salophen)/SPE was employed for determining DA in the presence of UA using DPV. The DPV results showed that at the modified electrode, two well-separated oxidation peaks of DA and UA could be obtained at potentials of 180 and 325 mV, respectively. This separation forms the basis for the co-detection of these two materials on the surface of Cu(salophen)/SPE. This sensor was then employed to determine DA and UA in real specimens

Molecular study on diarrheagenic Escherichia coli pathotypes isolated from under 5 years old children in southeast of Iran

Objective: To determine the phylogenetic groups and prevalence of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) (DEC) genes from children less than five years of age with diarrhea in southeast of Iran. Methods: A total of 142 E. coli isolates were isolated from diarrheic samples. The isolates were examined for detection of virulence determinants and their phylogenetic background by PCR technique. Results: The E. coli isolates fall into four phylogenetic groups: A (40.14%), B1 (18.31%), B2 (16.90%) and D (24.65%). Eighty isolates were positive for at least one of the examined DEC genes. E. coli isolates were classified in enterotoxigenic E. coli (52 isolates), enteroaggregative E. coli (23), atypical enteropathogenic E. coli (9), enteroinvasive E. coli (2). Conclusions: This study demonstrated the importance of enterotoxigenic E. coli and enteroaggregative E. coli pathotypes in the childhood diarrhea. An epidemiologic surveillance especially for DEC, would be useful in control and prevention of infectious diarrhea in children

Determination of phylogenetic groups and antibiotic resistance pattern of Enterotoxigenic Escherishia coli isolates from diarrheoic cases in Bam City by PCR

Background and Aim: Purposes of this study were to determine the phylogenetic groups, prevalence of enterotoxigenic pathotype and antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolates from diarrheic cases in Bam city. Materials and Methods: In this study 155 E. coli were isolated from diarrheic samples in Bam city. Phylogenetic groups of isolates and enterotoxigenic pathotype were determined by detection of chuA, yjaA, TspE4C2 and ST, LT genes respectively. Results: One hundred fifty five examined isolates were distributed in phylogenetic groups: A (71.60%), B1 (3.22%), B2 (9.67%) and D (15.48%). The genes for enterotoxigenic pathotype were detected in 52 isolates (33.54%), which ST gene were found in 29 isolates, LT in 16 isolates and LT, ST genes in 7 isolates. Twenty nine ST gene positive isolates were distributed in three phylogenetic groups A (48.28%), D (41.38%) and B2 (10.34%). According to the antibiotic susceptibility tests maximum and minimum antibiotic resistance rate was against to trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (74.19%) and ciprofloxacin and gentamycin (9.67%). Fifteen multiple antibiotic resistance patterns were detected in four phylogenetic groups. Conclusions: Escherichia coli isolates from enterotoxigenic pathotype have a considerable antibiotic resistance rate in Bam city and were distributed in different phylogenetic groups. Since a considerable number of isolates were negative for LT and ST genes, it is necessary to study the other virulence genes and their phylogenetic background in E. coli isolates from diarrheic cases in Bam city