Wideband Directional Coupler for Millimeter Wave Application based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide

Recently, Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) techniques have been noticed for millimeter wave devices in microwave applications. In this paper, we are developing a wide band directional 3 dB coupler with a phase of 90̊ phase delay in the range of 30-40 GHz based on periodic vias and multi hole structure. For achieving this wide bandwidth multi-section coupler is designed based on the theoretical modeling and the simulation result is compared with HFSS and CST with  two different  numerical  methods show good performance with low insertion and return loss, broad operational bandwidth and high isolation. A fractional bandwidth is about 28.5 %

Effect of troxerutin on serum glucose level and lactate dehydrogenase activity after exhaustive swimming in male rats

زمینه و هدف: ورزش وامانده ساز منجر به آسیب عضلانی و کاهش منابع انرژی نظیر گلوکز می‌شود. هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثر مکمل تروگزروتین بر سطح سرمی گلوکز و فعالیت لاکتات دهیدروژناز متعاقب شنا وامانده ساز در موش‌های صحرایی نر بود. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه تجربی، 32 سر موش صحرایی نر نژاد ویستار به صورت تصادفی به 4 گروه کنترل، ورزش + 75 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم، ورزش+ 150 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم و ورزش + 300 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم تیمار تروگزروتین تقسیم شدند. کلیه حیوان‌ها به مدت 30 روز تمرین شنا (5 بار در هفته) انجام دادند. تروگروتین به صورت خوراکی روزانه به مدت 30 روز تجویز شد. در روز سی‌ام ورزش شنا وامانده ساز انجام و سطح سرمی گلوکز و فعالیت لاکتات دهیدروژناز اندازه گیری شد. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که مکمل تروگزروتین به طور معنی‌داری سطح سرمی گلوکز را در مقایسه با گروه کنترل افزایش می‌دهد (001/0>P) و همچنین فعالیت لاکتات دهیدروژناز در گروه ورزش + تروگزروتین (300) در مقایسه با گروه‌های کنترل و ورزش + تروگزروتین )150 میلی گرم بر کیلوگرم( کاهش یافت (05/0>P). نتیجه گیری: مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که تروگزروتین می‌تواند تأثیر قابل توجهی در کاهش آسیب عضلانی ناشی از ورزش شنا وامانده ساز داشته باشد

Pain Management in the Emergency Department: a Review Article on Options and Methods

Context: The aim of this review is to recognizing different methods of analgesia for emergency medicine physicians (EMPs) allows them to have various pain relief methods to reduce pain and to be able to use it according to the patient’s condition and to improve the quality of their services. Evidence acquisition: In this review article, the search engines and scientific databases of Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane for emergency pain management methods were reviewed. Among the findings, high quality articles were eventually selected from 2000 to 2018, and after reviewing them, we have conducted a comprehensive comparison of the usual methods of pain control in the emergency department (ED).  Results: For better understanding, the results are reported in to separate subheadings including “Parenteral agents” and “Regional blocks”. Non-opioids analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and acetaminophen are commonly used in the treatment of acute pain. However, the relief of acute moderate to severe pain usually requires opioid agents. Considering the side effects of systemic drugs and the restrictions on the use of analgesics, especially opioids, regional blocks of pain as part of a multimodal analgesic strategy can be helpful. Conclusion: This study was designed to investigate and identify the disadvantages and advantages of using each drug to be able to make the right choices in different clinical situations for patients while paying attention to the limitations of the use of these analgesic drugs

Pain Management in the Emergency Department: a Review Article on Options and Methods

Context: The aim of this review is to recognizing different methods of analgesia for emergency medicine physicians (EMPs) allows them to have various pain relief methods to reduce pain and to be able to use it according to the patient’s condition and to improve the quality of their services. Evidence acquisition: In this review article, the search engines and scientific databases of Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane for emergency pain management methods were reviewed. Among the findings, high quality articles were eventually selected from 2000 to 2018, and after reviewing them, we have conducted a comprehensive comparison of the usual methods of pain control in the emergency department (ED).  Results: For better understanding, the results are reported in to separate subheadings including “Parenteral agents” and “Regional blocks”. Non-opioids analgesics such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and acetaminophen are commonly used in the treatment of acute pain. However, the relief of acute moderate to severe pain usually requires opioid agents. Considering the side effects of systemic drugs and the restrictions on the use of analgesics, especially opioids, regional blocks of pain as part of a multimodal analgesic strategy can be helpful. Conclusion: This study was designed to investigate and identify the disadvantages and advantages of using each drug to be able to make the right choices in different clinical situations for patients while paying attention to the limitations of the use of these analgesic drugs

An Improved Model Predictive Control Method to Drive an Induction Motor Fed by Three-Level Diode-Clamped Indirect Matrix Converter

In this paper, an improved model predictive control method is proposed to drive an induction motor fed by a three-level matrix converter. The main objective of this paper is to present a novel method to increase the switching frequency at a constant sampling time. Also, it is analytically discussed that increasing the switching frequency not only can decrease the motor current ripples, but it can also significantly reduce its torque ripples. Finally, this study demonstrates that reducing the motor current ripple will improve the quality of the supply current. To be the accurate model and validate the motor drive system, a co-simulation method, which is a combination of FLUX and MATLAB software packages, is employed to find the simulation results. The findings indicate that the proposed method diminishes the THD of the supply current up to 26% approximately. Furthermore, increasing the switching frequency results in the torque ripple reduction by up to 10% almost

The Comparative study of the effect of ethical valuation different criteria on economic policy making and its implications for Islamic economics

Although economists typically try to make their theories free from ethical evaluations, their theories are value laden. In this paper, we examine the impact of ethical schools on economic policies. The findings of the paper show that consequential, deontological, virtue-based and rights-based ethics have a particular impact on economic policy making. These approaches, while affecting the definition of the goals of economic policies, provide the basis for establishing the principles that define the framework of economic policies for achieving those goals. The result of this trend is that neoclassical utilitarian economists, with an emphasis on the role of complete competition market for achieving welfare, propose price policies to compensate market failure. The policy orientation in the capability-based approach of Sen and rights-based Contractarianism of Rawls, through the creation of changes in the structure of the market and the introduction of new institutions, is respectively, human development and the provision of basic goods to the poorest of the community. The feminist virtue-based economists also propose the promotion of the role of women's caring activities in their policy orientations

Single-Layer versus Double-Layer Laparoscopic Intracorporeally Sutured Gastrointestinal Anastomoses in the Canine Model

This study shows that the 1-layer gastrointestinal suture technique is feasible, safe and has fewer complications compared with a 2-layer suture technique