The Range of the Availability and Practice of Authentic Assessment Competencies for Intermediate Stage Teachers in Sharurah Governorate

This study aimed to identify the range of the availability and practice of authentic assessment competencies for intermediate stage teachers in Sharurah governorate, and addition to known the effect of these variables (gender, major, experience)on The range of the availability and practice of authentic assessment competencies . a questionnaire was designed which consisted of (44) items measuring five domains of the availability and practice of authentic assessment strategies competencies .It was applied on a sample which consisted of (67) teachers. results of the study showed that the range of the availability and practice of authentic assessment competencies  were highly degree , there were no statistically significant differences were found in the range of the availability and practice of authentic assessment competencies  due to the influence of some variables: (gender, major).and differences were found due to the experience variable, also the result show that a high Correlation between availability and the practice for authentic assessment competencies, and there is a statistically significant effect between the degree of availability of authentic assessment competencies and the degree of  practice of authentic assessment competencies, and we reached to a multiple regression equation, The study included many recommendations, The most important one was the necessity of providing training programs for teachers in the field of modern assessment strategies in order to improve the ability of teachers in this field. Keywords: Learning  competencies , Authentic assessment, Assessment strategies, Intermediate stage.                               

Hydrogen storage in depleted gas reservoirs: A comprehensive review

Hydrogen future depends on large-scale storage, which can be provided by geological formations (such as caverns, aquifers, and depleted oil and gas reservoirs) to handle demand and supply changes, a typical hysteresis of most renewable energy sources. Amongst them, depleted natural gas reservoirs are the most cost-effective and secure solutions due to their wide geographic distribution, proven surface facilities, and less ambiguous site evaluation. They also require less cushion gas as the native residual gases serve as a buffer for pressure maintenance during storage. However, there is a lack of thorough understanding of this technology. This work aims to provide a comprehensive insight and technical outlook into hydrogen storage in depleted gas reservoirs. It briefly discusses the operating and potential facilities, case studies, and the thermophysical and petrophysical properties of storage and withdrawal capacity, gas immobilization, and efficient gas containment. Furthermore, a comparative approach to hydrogen, methane, and carbon dioxide with respect to well integrity during gas storage has been highlighted. A summary of the key findings, challenges, and prospects has also been reported. Based on the review, hydrodynamics, geochemical, and microbial factors are the subsurface\u27s principal promoters of hydrogen losses. The injection strategy, reservoir features, quality, and operational parameters significantly impact gas storage in depleted reservoirs. Future works (experimental and simulation) were recommended to focus on the hydrodynamics and geomechanics aspects related to migration, mixing, and dispersion for improved recovery. Overall, this review provides a streamlined insight into hydrogen storage in depleted gas reservoirs

Knowledge and Attitude of Saudi Arabian School Teachers with Regards to Emergency Management of Dental Trauma

Injury to both the primary and the permanent dentitions and their supporting structures is one of the most common dental problems seen in children.  School is one of the locations with greatest prevalence of occurrence of traumatic dental injuries.  School teachers play important role in prevention of dental trauma and improving its prognosis. The present study was undertaken to assess knowledge and attitudes regarding emergency management of dental trauma, first aid for avulsed tooth and influence of dental education among school teachers in Abha city. METHODS: The participants were 100 school teachers from Abha city and were interviewed using a questionnaire regarding management of dental trauma.  The completed proformas was collected and the result was statistically analyzed to know the knowledge and attitudes regarding emergency management of dental trauma. CONCLUSIONS: Majority of school staff had little knowledge related to handling of traumatic dental injuries and emergency management of avulsed permanent teeth in school children. Majority of school teachers were eager to have knowledge regarding dental trauma through continues dental education programs and workshops.  First aid training increases knowledge about dental trauma and should be included in the course curriculum of teachers training program

Comparative study of green and synthetic polymers for enhanced oil recovery

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Several publications by authors in the field of petrochemical engineering have examined the use of chemically enhanced oil recovery (CEOR) technology, with a specific interest in polymer flooding. Most observations thus far in this field have been based on the application of certain chemicals and/or physical properties within this technique regarding the production of 50–60% trapped (residual) oil in a reservoir. However, there is limited information within the literature about the combined effects of this process on whole properties (physical and chemical). Accordingly, in this work, we present a clear distinction between the use of xanthan gum (XG) and hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) as a polymer flood, serving as a background for future studies. XG and HPAM have been chosen for this study because of their wide acceptance in relation to EOR processes. To this degree, the combined effect of a polymer’s rheological properties, retention, inaccessible pore volume (PV), permeability reduction, polymer mobility, the effects of salinity and temperature, and costs are all investigated in this study. Further, the generic screening and design criteria for a polymer flood with emphasis on XG and HPAM are explained. Finally, a comparative study on the conditions for laboratory (experimental), pilot-scale, and field-scale application is presented

Identification of novel and safe fungicidal molecules against fusarium oxysporum from plant essential oils: in vitro and computational approaches.

Phytopathogenic fungi are serious threats in the agriculture sector especially in fruit and vegetable production. The use of plant essential oil as antifungal agents has been in practice from many years. Plant essential oils (PEOs) of Cuminum cyminum, Trachyspermum ammi, Azadirachta indica, Syzygium aromaticum, Moringa oleifera, Mentha spicata, Eucalyptus grandis, Allium sativum, and Citrus sinensis were tested against Fusarium oxysporum. Three phase trials consist of lab testing (MIC and MFC), field testing (seed treatment and foliar spray), and computer-aided fungicide design (CAFD). Two concentrations (25 and 50 μl/ml) have been used to asses MIC while MFC was assessed at four concentrations (25, 50, 75, and 100 μl/ml). C. sinensis showed the largest inhibition zone (47.5 and 46.3 m2) for both concentrations. The lowest disease incidence and disease severity were recorded in treatments with C. sinensis PEO. Citrus sinensis that qualified in laboratory and field trials was selected for CAFD. The chemical compounds of C. sinensis PEO were docked with polyketide synthase beta-ketoacyl synthase domain of F. oxysporum by AutoDock Vina. The best docked complex was formed by nootkatone with -6.0 kcal/mol binding affinity. Pharmacophore of the top seven C. sinensis PEO compounds was used for merged pharmacophore generation. The best pharmacophore model with 0.8492 score was screened against the CMNP database. Top hit compounds from screening were selected and docked with polyketide synthase beta-ketoacyl synthase domain. Four compounds with the highest binding affinity and hydrogen bonding were selected for confirmation of lead molecule by doing MD simulation. The polyketide synthase-CMNPD24498 showed the highest stability throughout 80 ns run of MD simulation. CMNPD24498 (FW054-1) from Verrucosispora was selected as the lead compound against F. oxysporum

The need for national medical licensing examination in Saudi Arabia

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Medical education in Saudi Arabia is facing multiple challenges, including the rapid increase in the number of medical schools over a short period of time, the influx of foreign medical graduates to work in Saudi Arabia, the award of scholarships to hundreds of students to study medicine in various countries, and the absence of published national guidelines for minimal acceptable competencies of a medical graduate.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>We are arguing for the need for a Saudi national medical licensing examination that consists of two parts: Part I (Written) which tests the basic science and clinical knowledge and Part II (Objective Structured Clinical Examination) which tests the clinical skills and attitudes. We propose this examination to be mandated as a licensure requirement for practicing medicine in Saudi Arabia.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The driving and hindering forces as well as the strengths and weaknesses of implementing the licensing examination are discussed in details in this debate.</p

Radiological evaluation of patients after laparoscopic cholecystectomy

The objective of this study is to describe the normal, abdominal radiological findings after laparoscopic cholecystectomy that could be confused with a pathological process. Thirty-one patients, who had laparoscopic cholecystectomy were prospectively studied. They underwent supine and erect abdominal X-rays, on the first and second postoperative days. In 19 patients (61 &#x0025;) no residual free intraperitoneal gas was seen. In 12 patients (39&#x0025;) small amounts of free gas were noticed 24 hours postoperatively, and in six (19&#x0025;), some free intraperitoneal gas was seen after 48 hours. Distention of the colon was noticed in 17 (55&#x0025;), and was mainly in the hepatic flexure area in nine of these patients (29&#x0025;). Eight patients complained of shoulder pain. This study shows that pneumoperitoneum tends to disappear within 48 hours of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. When present, there is usually no cause for alarm as long as patients show no evidence of clinical disturbance

Antioxidant effect of <em>Ferula hermonis</em> Boiss on acrylamide induced testicular toxicity in male rats

138-144Acrylamide (ACR) is potentially carcinogenic to humans. It is also a food toxicant, geno-neuro and reproductive toxicant to wide variety of laboratory animals. ACR stimulates release of free radicals, which cause oxidative stress inducing many toxic effects in body, particularly testis. Antioxidants are known to decrease the toxic effect of ACR and Ferula hermonis Boiss root extract is a known natural antioxidant. This study investigates the antioxidant effect of Ferula sp. root extract on acrylamide induced testicular toxicity in male rats. Sixteen adult male virgin Wister rats were used and divided into four groups (control, ACR, ACR+Ferula sp., Ferula sp.). Histopathological studies for the right testis and caudal sperm count were carried out. Significant reduction in sperm count and testosterone serum level was found in ACR treated group. However, histopathological study did not show significant difference between ACR and ACR+Ferula sp. groups. ACR produced histopathological changes in testes and liver of rats. Ferula sp. root extract can be used as a weak antioxidant against ACR induced testicular toxicity. We recommend restriction of ACR in food and use of Ferula sp. plants with caution especially in patients with impotence

Health-related quality of life in type 2 diabetic patients

Background and Objectives: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is an important health outcome, representing one of the most important goals of all health interventions. The objectives of this study were to determine HRQOL and the factors affecting it in type 2 diabetic patients. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in five primary health care (PHC) centers in the Al-Khobar area. From a random sample of 225 type 2 diabetic patients, 216 patients were included in the study along with 216 age- , sex- and nationality-matched controls. Nine patients refused to participate. Type 2 diabetic patients and controls were interviewed with the translated Arabic SF-12 questionnaire. Results: The mean ages were 50.0&#x00B1;10.0 years for cases and of 49.3&#x00B1;10.3 years for controls (P=.526). Type 2 diabetic patients had lower socioeconomic status and educational level than controls. Obesity was significantly higher in diabetics than controls. HRQOL in type 2 diabetic patients was significantly lower than controls. The mean physical component score was 41.3&#x00B1;8.9 for cases vs. 47.5&#x00B1;9.5 for controls (P&#60; .001), and the mean mental component score 47.8&#x00B1;9.1 in cases vs. 51.5&#x00B1;9.4 in controls (P&#60; .001). HRQOL was significantly lower in females than males (P&#60; .001). HRQOL was impaired in uncontrolled patients (fasting plasma glucose [FPG]>130 mg/dL) in comparison with controlled patients (FPG&#60; 130 mg/dL) (P&#60; .05). Conclusions: HRQOL was lower in type 2 diabetic patients than controls and was affected by many factors. Females had lower HRQOL than males, possibly because of a higher incidence of obesity. Uncontrolled diabetic patients had a lower HRQOL than controlled diabetics. Improving HRQOL in diabetic patients is important