Analytical evaluation of adaptive-modulation-based opportunistic cognitive radio in Nakagami-m fading channels

The performance of adaptive modulation for cognitive radio with opportunistic access is analyzed by considering the effects of spectrum sensing, primary user (PU) traffic, and time delay for Nakagami- m fading channels. Both the adaptive continuous rate scheme and the adaptive discrete rate scheme are considered. Numerical examples are presented to quantify the effects of spectrum sensing, PU traffic, and time delay for different system parameters

Bringing People with Common Interests Together at a Trade Show

The International Sugarbeet Institute was developed as a one-stop meeting place for growers and providers of goods and services required for sugarbeet production. Growers are provided with the opportunity to discuss their needs and requirements with providers. For 2 days, individuals and companies make available all the machinery, equipment, technology, and services required by the sugarbeet industry. Popular national figures inform growers of issues that affect the industry. Participants share and discuss ideas on how to improve sugarbeet production and maintain a viable sugarbeet industry. Trade shows like the International Sugarbeet Institute are a great tool for Extension educators

Using a Contest to Attract and Disseminate Innovative Production Practices

Sugarbeet growers have always been innovative. The Grower Idea Contest was initiated to attract and disseminate ideas that led to innovations resulting in improved production efficiency. Ideas were willingly shared and adopted by many growers. Adoption of ideas generally resulted in higher yields, economic savings, improved safety, and better quality of life for the growers and their communities. Extension educators in many fields can use such contests to encourage development and dissemination of innovative practices

Evaluating Responses of Sugar Beet Cultivars to Fusarium Species in Greenhouse and Field Conditions

Fusarium yellows of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is becoming an important disease in Minnesota and North Dakota in the United States. One of the best ways to manage Fusarium yellows is to develop and use resistant cultivars. Responses of eight sugar beet cultivars to three Fusarium species were determined in the greenhouse and compared to the responses of the same eight cultivars grown in a field already infected by Fusarium yellows. There were significant and appreciable relationships between greenhouse and field studies for responses of eight sugar beet cultivars on Fusarium yellows. The estimated correlation coefficient for area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) between observations in fields and those in greenhouses was 0.987 (p<0.01). The mean AUDPC were significantly different among cultivars (p<0.01) in the greenhouse and in the field studies. Of the cultivars, Van der Have 46177 was the most susceptible, but Crystal R434 the most resistant. Crystal 820, Van der Have 66561, and Beta 4797R were resistant, and Beta 4818R, Seedex Magnum, and Hilleshog 2463Rz were moderately resistant. There was a strong negative relationship between the AUDPC and recoverable sucrose yield in the field experiments and the estimated coefficient of determination was 0.939 (p<0.01). It was concluded that greenhouse screening can act as a useful and reliable means to evaluate and select beet germplasms and/or accessions for resistance to Fusarium yellows.Peer reviewe

Pembangunan Dan Keberkesanan Koswer Multimedia Interaktif Dengan Pendekatan Koperatif Masteri Dalam Pembelajaran Respirasi Sel

This study aims to design, develop and examine the effectiveness of a multimedia interactive courseware on Matriculation students’ performance score and the Instructional Material Motivational Scale (IMMS) scores regarding Cell Respiration topic. A multimedia interactive courseware was developed and used in three different strategies, namely the Multimedia-assisted Mastery Learning (MML), Multimedia-assisted Cooperative Learning (MCL) and Multimedia-assisted Cooperative Mastery Learning (MCML). Penyelidikan ini bertujuan untuk mereka bentuk, membangunkan dan mengkaji keberkesanan koswer multimedia interaktif bagi topik Respirasi Sel peringkat Matrikulasi terhadap skor pencapaian dan skor motivasi bahan pengajaran. Satu koswer multimedia interaktif telah dibangunkan dan digunakan dalam tiga strategi berbeza iaitu Pembelajaran Masteri berbantukan Multimedia (PMM), Pembelajaran Koperatif berbantukan Multimedia (PKM) dan Pembelajaran Koperatif Masteri berbantukan Multimedia (PKMM)

Role Of Tc99m-Besilesomab Scan With The Added Benefit Of Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography/ Computed Tomography (Spect/Ct) In Localising Infection

Imbasan Tc99m-besilesomab dengan manfaat tambahan Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography/ Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT) untuk mengenal pasti fokus lokasi infeksi dalam tubuh pesakit Role of Tc99m-besilesomab scan with the added benefit of Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography/ Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT) in localising infectio