The Role Of Universities In Building A Knowledge-Based Economy In Saudi Arabia

A knowledge-based economy is one of the vital components of modern economies. Growth in most of the economies of the world, and most developed economies in particular, are increasingly based on knowledge.  In a knowledge-based economy, economic development is dependent on investments in education, learning and training, among others.  Universities are today becoming aware of the essential role that higher education plays in the construction of knowledge-based economies. The kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has adopted the drive toward a knowledge-based economy through focusing on the higher education sector.  Saudi Universities are playing a pivotal role toward the Kingdom's transition into a knowledge-based economy and hence achieving economic growth and development. The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the important role that universities play in building a knowledge-based economy through innovation, research commercialization, and technology transfer as economic development policies.  The role of universities in building a knowledge-based economy in Saudi Arabia is also investigated.  The paper confirms that Saudi universities are considered as a very important entity in the aim for the Saudi economy to achieve sustainable growth and development

Higher Education As A Pathway To Entrepreneurship

The driving force of every successful economy in the world is entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurial university is a concept which explains universities that provide a good environment, culture, opportunities, and practices that enhance student entrepreneurship. This study discusses components that characterize the entrepreneurial university such as leadership and governance, organizational capacity, people and incentives, entrepreneurship development in learning and teaching, university relationship for exchange of knowledge, and entrepreneurial university as an international institution. The study confirms the critical role that higher education institutions play in fostering entrepreneurial culture among university students and staff

The Role Of Business Incubators In The Economic Development Of Saudi Arabia

Business incubators are perceived to be a mainstay of economic development programs. They create value by combining the entrepreneurial drive of a startup with resources generally available to new ventures. Among the primary objectives of business incubators are creating employment opportunities in the local economy and commercializing technologies. Saudi government has put high-growth, innovative businesses at the heart of its economic agenda.The aim of this paper is to enhance understanding of how business incubators function and their impact on national development and growth of a developing nation. First, the paper reviews the literature on the relationship between business incubators and economic development; then the paper provides an analysis of the characteristics and objectives of business incubators in Saudi Arabia. The paper also examines the significant contribution of business incubators in promoting economic growth and development of Saudi Arabia. The paper points out the importance of introducing business incubator strategies and programs and the role of such important moves in ensuring sustainable value creation and building of wealth

Building An Entrepreneurial Economy: Evidence From Developing Countries

Entrepreneurship contributes to economic development in all countries all over the world and has always been a powerful driving force of innovation, productivity, job creation and economic growth. In recent years, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has launched a broad range of intensive and creative initiatives to kick-start entrepreneurship, to further promote a business climate that supports innovation and competitiveness, and to inspire the next generation of company builders. Prior studies have not given much attention to the entrepreneurial role that universities play in building entrepreneurial economies, especially in the Arab World. This paper attempts to address the research gap relating to the process by which universities can foster a culture of entrepreneurship in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. One major challenge is to develop contents and methods that encourage entrepreneurial learning. The paper confirms that entrepreneurship education can help promote an entrepreneurial and innovate culture by changing mindsets and providing the necessary skills. In this way, universities have become increasingly important for national and global economic development

Global Navigation Satellite Systems as Signals of Opportunity for Environmental Applications: Reflectometry and Scintillation

L'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen

The Effect of Education Decentralization on School Leadership in the Vocational Schools: A Comparative Study between the German and the Egyptian Practice

Gershberg (1999) defines education decentralization as the transfer of some of the political, administrative, and/or financial authorities and responsibilities from the central government to the local governments, local units or the schools themselves. In this qualitative study the effect of education decentralization on vocational school leadership is explored. Through conducting structural interviews with 30 school principals in Germany and Egypt, the study was able to reach at three main conclusions. 1- Political decentralization encourages the adoption of participatory leadership by involving the stakeholders in the decision-making process and allowing the schools to set their goals and objectives discretionally. 2- Administrative decentralization encourages the adoption of shared instructional leadership by devolving authorities of teacher selection, evaluation, training and team-building to the schools. And 3- financial decentralization encourages the adoption of entrepreneurial leadership by encouraging the schools to raise funds and deploy the available resources discretionally

Case Report: Management of unusual site for contrast media extravasation in right external jugular vein

AbstractContrast media extravasation is well known complication during power/pressure injection of contrast material. Despite reports of many cases of extravasation few consequences have been reported. We present a very rare case of contrast media extravasation in the neck after right external jugular vein cannulation which mandated early surgical intervention. On literature search, we did not find any similar report of such unique case

REPORT CASE OF EXCESSIVE GENITAL WARTS, WAD MADANI MATERNITY HOSPITAL

Anogenital warts (condylomata acuminata) is the most common viral sexually transmitted disease in the United States. Although condylomata affect both genders, data from office visits for warts obtained from the 1994 to 1998 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey showed that women accounted for 67 percent of the patient population (1)

Bone marrow aspirate in the treatment of chondral injuries

The ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to transdifferentiate into a desired cell lineage has captured the imagination of scientists and clinicians alike. The limited ability for chondrocytes to regenerate in chondral injuries has raised the concept of using MSCs to help regenerate and repair damaged tissue. The expansion of cells in a laboratory setting to be delivered back to the patient is too costly for clinical use in the present tough economic climate. This process is slow with due to the complexity of trying to imitate the natural environment and biological stimulation of chondral cell replication and proliferation. Bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) has the potential to provide an easily accessible and readily available source of MSCs with key growth factors that can be used in treating chondral injuries. This review summarizes the underlying basic science of MSCs and the therapeutic potential of BMAC

The basic science of bone marrow aspirate concentrate in chondral injuries

There has been great interest in bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) as a cost effective method in delivering mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to aid in the repair and regeneration of cartilage defects. Alongside MSCs, BMAC contains a range of growth factors and cytokines to support cell growth following injury. However, there is paucity of information relating to the basic science underlying BMAC and its exact biological role in supporting the growth and regeneration of chondrocytes. The focus of this review is the basic science underlying BMAC in relation to chondral damage and regeneration