L'IMPACT DE LA PARTICIPATION BUDGETAIRE ET DE L'INCERTITUDE ENVIRONNEMENTALE SUR LA PERFORMANCE ET LA SATISFACTION AU TRAVAIL

En adoptant la théorie de contingence, la présente étude examine l'impact de la participation budgétaire et de l'incertitude environnementale sur la performance et la satisfaction au travail. Cinquante trois managers appartenant à trente entreprises industrielles tunisiennes ont participé à cette étude. La collecte des données a été faite via une enquête par questionnaire. Les résultats mettent en évidence un effet modérateur positif de l'incertitude environnementale sur la relation entre la participation budgétaire et la performance et la satisfaction au travail. Ainsi, nos résultats suggèrent qu'il est nécessaire que les entreprises industrielles encouragent la participation des managers dans le processus budgétaire, surtout dans le contexte actuel de la Tunisie qui se caractérise par un degré important d'incertitude de l'environnement.Participation budgétaire, performance managériale, satisfaction au travail, incertitude environnementale

L'impact des caractéristiques du système d'information comptable et de l'incertitude environnementale sur la performance financière : Cas des PME tunisiennes

International audienceBy following the contingency approach, the present study examines the impact of information system characteristics and environmental uncertainty on financial performance. Fifty six managers participated in this study. Data were collected from managers using a questionnaire survey. The results indicate that environmental uncertainty moderates the effect of the extent of information system qualities on financial performance. Our results suggest that organizations should enhance their information system especially in the current environment in Tunisia which is broadly characterized by a high degree of uncertainty.En adoptant la théorie de contingence, la présente étude examine l'impact des caractéristiques du système d'information comptable et de l'incertitude environnementale sur la performance financière de l'entreprise. Cinquante six managers ont participé à cette étude. La collecte des données a été faite via une enquête par questionnaire. Les résultats mettent en évidence un effet modérateur positif de l'incertitude environnementale sur la relation entre l'étendue du système d'information comptable et la performance financière. Ainsi, nos résultats suggèrent que l'amélioration du système d'information par les entreprises tunisiennes est nécessaire, surtout dans le contexte actuel de la Tunisie qui se caractérise par un degré important d'incertitude de l'environnement

Effect of cutting conditions on surface roughness of machined parts in CO2 laser cutting of pure titanium

Titanium (Ti) and its alloys machining has been a long standing issue in the manufacturing industry. The extraordinary Ti machining costs restrict its used in the specialised applications. To achieve improved surface quality, researchers are working tirelessly to optimize various cutting parameters. In this study, high-power C

Multi-Objective Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Using Genetic Algorithms

Flexible Job Shop Scheduling is an important problem in the fields of combinatorial optimization and production management. This research addresses multi-objective flexible job shop scheduling problem with the objective of simultaneous minimization of: (1) makespan, (2) workload of the most loaded machine, and (3) total workload. A general-purpose, domain independent genetic algorithm implemented in a spreadsheet environment is proposed for the flexible job shop. Spreadsheet functions are used to develop the shop model. Performance of the proposed algorithm is compared with heuristic algorithms already reported in the literature. Simulation experiments demonstrated that the proposed methodology can achieve solutions that are comparable to previous approaches in terms of solution quality and computational time. Flexible job shop models presented herein are easily customizable to cater for different objective functions without changing the basic genetic algorithm routine or the spreadsheet model. Experimental analysis demonstrates the robustness, simplicity, and general-purpose nature of the proposed approach

L'impact des caractéristiques du système d'information comptable et de l'incertitude environnementale sur la performance financière : Cas des PME tunisiennes

International audienceBy following the contingency approach, the present study examines the impact of information system characteristics and environmental uncertainty on financial performance. Fifty six managers participated in this study. Data were collected from managers using a questionnaire survey. The results indicate that environmental uncertainty moderates the effect of the extent of information system qualities on financial performance. Our results suggest that organizations should enhance their information system especially in the current environment in Tunisia which is broadly characterized by a high degree of uncertainty.En adoptant la théorie de contingence, la présente étude examine l'impact des caractéristiques du système d'information comptable et de l'incertitude environnementale sur la performance financière de l'entreprise. Cinquante six managers ont participé à cette étude. La collecte des données a été faite via une enquête par questionnaire. Les résultats mettent en évidence un effet modérateur positif de l'incertitude environnementale sur la relation entre l'étendue du système d'information comptable et la performance financière. Ainsi, nos résultats suggèrent que l'amélioration du système d'information par les entreprises tunisiennes est nécessaire, surtout dans le contexte actuel de la Tunisie qui se caractérise par un degré important d'incertitude de l'environnement

The impact of intellectual capital disclosure on cost of equity capital: A case of French firms

The purpose of this paper is to examine empirically the impact of intellectual capital disclosure (IC) on cost of Equity capital. The empirical research is based on companies listed in the French SBF 120 stock market index. The findings confirm our hypotheses that stipulate the existence of a significant and negative association between intellectual capital disclosure with its two components (human capital, structural) and the cost of equity. However, the negative impact of the relational capital disclosure is not validated. The results in this paper are of considerable importance to both policy makers and firms. In fact, the understanding of the impact of Intellectual capital disclosure on cost of equity capital helps policy makers in the evaluation of the costs and benefits of disclosure. Moreover, with regard to managers of firms, the results show the benefit of enhanced IC disclosure regarding the reduction in their cost of capital. This study is one of the very first to provide empirical evidence of the association between Cost of equity capital and the level of disclosure in the three individual intellectual capital categories (human; structural and relational capital).El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar el impacto de la divulgaci?n del capital intelectual (CI) sobre el coste del capital social. La investigaci?n emp?rica se basa en las empresas que figuran en el ?ndice burs?til franc?s SBF 120. Los hallazgos confirman nuestras hip?tesis, seg?n las cuales existe una asociaci?n significativa y negativa de la divulgaci?n del capital intelectual con sus dos componentes (capital humano y estructural) y el coste de los fondos propios. No obstante, no se ha confirmado el impacto negativo de la divulgaci?n del capital relacional. Los resultados de este trabajo tienen una importancia considerable tanto para los legisladores como para las empresas. De hecho, la comprensi?n del impacto de la divulgaci?n del capital intelectual sobre el coste del capital social ayuda a los legisladores a evaluar los costes y beneficios de la divulgaci?n. Adem?s, con respecto a los gerentes de las empresas, los resultados muestran los beneficios de la mayor divulgaci?n de CI en cuanto a la reducci?n de su coste de capital. Este estudio es uno de los primeros en proporcionar pruebas emp?ricas de la asociaci?n entre el coste del capital social y el nivel de divulgaci?n en las tres categor?as de capital intelectual individual (capital humano, estructural y relacional)

PERCEPTIONS DU CAPITAL INTELLECTUEL PAR LES MANAGERS ETUDE EMPIRIQUE DANS LE CONTEXTE TUNISIEN

International audienceThe purpose of this exploratory research study is to examine the extent of recognition of the concept of intellectual capital in the Tunisian context and to identify the perceptions of managers concerning the accounting treatment and disclosure of this hidden concept. A survey questionnaire was conducted among 51 managers. The results of this survey argue that the majority of respondents perceive the elements of intellectual capital as important value drivers for their business. This study shows that managers are aware of the shortcoming of the present accounting system and they approve previous studies that propose voluntary disclosure of information relating to intellectual capital as a solution to compensate for the loss of relevance of traditional accounting information. This study presents a significant interest in the accounting literature and provides whether it would be appropriate for the Tunisian accounting standard setting body to ask companies to disclose more intellectual capital information.L'objectif de ce travail de recherche exploratoire est d'examiner l'étendue de la reconnaissance du concept du capital intellectuel dans le contexte tunisien et de dégager les perceptions des managers envers la comptabilisation et la divulgation de ce concept caché. Une enquête par questionnaire a été menée auprès de 51 managers. Les résultats de cette enquête affirment que la majorité des répondants perçoivent les éléments du capital intellectuel comme étant des facteurs clés de succès pour la réussite des entreprises. Cette étude montre aussi que les managers sont conscients des défaillances du système comptable actuel et ils approuvent les études antérieures qui proposent la divulgation d'informations volontaires relatives au capital intellectuel comme étant une solution pour pallier la perte de pertinence de l'information comptable traditionnelle. Cette étude présente un intérêt non négligeable à la littérature comptable et permet de savoir s'il serait pertinent, pour le normalisateur comptable tunisien, d'appeler les entreprises à divulguer plus d'informations relatives au capital intellectuel

The effect of environmental uncertainty and budgetary participation on performance and job satisfaction – evidence from the hotel industry

This study empirically examined the effect of budget participation on managerial performance and job satisfaction using a contingency theory approach. Perceived environmental uncertainty presents the contingent variable investigated. The responses of 41 managers, drawn from Tunisian hotels to a questionnaire survey were analyzed by using a moderated regression analysis. The results have indicated that environmental uncertainty moderates the effect of budgetary participation on both perceived managerial performance and job satisfaction. Our results suggest that the hotels should encourage the participation of managers in the budget setting process mainly in the current environment in Tunisia which is broadly characterized by a high level of uncertainty

The impact of intellectual capital disclosure on cost of equity capital: A case of French firms

The purpose of this paper is to examine empirically the impact of intellectual capital disclosure (IC) on cost of Equity capital. The empirical research is based on companies listed in the French SBF 120 stock market index. The findings confirm our hypotheses that stipulate the existence of a significant and negative association between intellectual capital disclosure with its two components (human capital, structural) and the cost of equity. However, the negative impact of the relational capital disclosure is not validated. The results in this paper are of considerable importance to both policy makers and firms. In fact, the understanding of the impact of Intellectual capital disclosure on cost of equity capital helps policy makers in the evaluation of the costs and benefits of disclosure. Moreover, with regard to managers of firms, the results show the benefit of enhanced IC disclosure regarding the reduction in their cost of capital. This study is one of the very first to provide empirical evidence of the association between Cost of equity capital and the level of disclosure in the three individual intellectual capital categories (human; structural and relational capital).El objetivo de este trabajo es examinar el impacto de la divulgación del capital intelectual (CI) sobre el coste del capital social. La investigación empírica se basa en las empresas que figuran en el índice bursátil francés SBF 120. Los hallazgos confirman nuestras hipótesis, según las cuales existe una asociación significativa y negativa de la divulgación del capital intelectual con sus dos componentes (capital humano y estructural) y el coste de los fondos propios. No obstante, no se ha confirmado el impacto negativo de la divulgación del capital relacional. Los resultados de este trabajo tienen una importancia considerable tanto para los legisladores como para las empresas. De hecho, la comprensión del impacto de la divulgación del capital intelectual sobre el coste del capital social ayuda a los legisladores a evaluar los costes y beneficios de la divulgación. Además, con respecto a los gerentes de las empresas, los resultados muestran los beneficios de la mayor divulgación de CI en cuanto a la reducción de su coste de capital. Este estudio es uno de los primeros en proporcionar pruebas empíricas de la asociación entre el coste del capital social y el nivel de divulgación en las tres categorías de capital intelectual individual (capital humano, estructural y relacional)

Minimization of completion time variance in flowshops using genetic algorithms

The majority of the flowshop scheduling literature focuses on regular performance measures like makespan, flowtime etc. In this paper a flowshop scheduling problem is addressed where the objective is to minimize completion time variance (CTV). CTV is a non-regular performance measure that is closely related to just-in-time philosophy. A Microsoft Excel spreadsheet-based genetic algorithm (GA) is proposed to solve the problem. The proposed GA methodology is domain-independent and general purpose. The flowshop model is developed in the spreadsheet environment using the built-in formulae and function. Addition of jobs and machines can be catered for without the change in the basic GA routine and minimal change to the spreadsheet model. The proposed methodology offers an easy to handle framework whereby the practitioners can implement a heuristic-based optimization tool with the need for advanced programming tools. The performance of the proposed methodology is compared to previous studies for benchmark problems taken from the literature. Simulation experiments demonstrate that the proposed methodology solves the benchmark problems efficiently and effectively with a reasonable accuracy. The solutions are comparable to previous studies both in terms of computational time and solution quality