Esophageal Obstruction in Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) Resulting from the Ingestion of Potato Tubers

Total 32 emergency cases of buffaloes with esophageal obstruction resulting from the ingestion of potato tubers during their grazing are described. Treatment comprised immediate rumen trocarisation by a 14g syringe, premedication with IM xylazine (0.05 mg/kg), and passing a designed stout flexible tube to dislodge the obstruction to the rumen. The results were 100% successful recovery without any complications

Fault Development and Interaction by Compaction, Tectonism, and Linkage: Examples from Quaternary Fault Development in Southern Nevada

The study of fault origin, development and interactions is critical to understanding structural deformation models and the associated seismic hazards. The Basin and Range province, western United States, provides opportunities to assess and develop structural deformation models especially the less studied cases of differential compaction, and dip-slip and strikeslip fault interactions. Because the region is tectonically active, it also allows assessment of how each deformation influences the seismic hazard. This study addresses two cases of fault development and interaction in southern Nevada: the origin of the Las Vegas Valley Fault System (LVVFS), Las Vegas Valley, and the interaction between three Quaternary-active faults: the Kane Springs Wash Fault (KSWF), the Coyote Spring Fault (CSF), and the Wildcat Wash Fault (WWF) near Kane Springs Wash, southeastern Nevada. The LVVFS provides an example of the interaction between tectonism and differential compaction to shape fault offset patterns and address the controversy surrounding fault origins. The KSWF, CSF, and WWF lie along the boundary zone between the northern and the central Basin and Range subprovinces of the Basin and Range and provide an example of the role of transverse strikeslip deformation in limiting and influencing the geometry of the propagation of dip-slip faults between the subprovinces as well as transferring slip between linked fault networks. Geophysical and geological well logs, subsurface rock samples, and thin sections are used to delineate the effect of differential compaction on the development of the surface scarps of the LVVFS; while field mapping, and aerial image analyses are used to map the deformation geometry in the interaction zone between the KSWF, CSF, and WWF. The new differential compaction model for Las Vegas Basin showed that compaction was hindered by early cementation in fine-grained sediments influencing a compaction pattern that is opposite to the dip direction of the faults suggesting that tectonism was required for fault development. The measured scarp offset was decreased by higher compaction of the less cemented footwalls. In the case of the KSWF, CSF, and WWF, syndeformational fault curving, linkage, splaying, and development of process zones are among the processes that determine the geometry and degree of interaction between the propagating fault tips. The three faults were synchronously active in the Middle to Late Pleistocene in the southwestern part of Kane Springs Wash. These faults formed a hard-linked fault network where the CSF and WWF abut the KSWF. That geometry suggests that the propagation of the CSF and the WWF is limited by the presence of the left-lateral KSWF at a high angle to their N-S strike; nonetheless slip can be transferred between the two faults by slip along the KSWF. The same relationship can be observed elsewhere along the boundary zone between the northern and the central Basin and Range suggesting that the segmentation of the Basin and Range into distinct structural domains is facilitated by strain and slip-transfer along interacting active normal and left-lateral strike-slip faults within the boundary zone as in the case of the KSWF, CSF, and WWF presented in this study

Design and analysis of triple-band microstrip patch antenna with h-shaped slots

Multi-band antennas are very important in many application systems such as mobile phone jammer. A new shape triple-band microstrip antenna is proposed in this paper. By embedding h-shaped slots placed in the centre of a microstrip patch, the triple-band character can be achieved. Procedures to select the length and location of the h-shaped slots were discussed in detail. The required antenna gain, input impedance, radiation pattern and return losses were achieved

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and the Risk of Atrial Fibrillation

BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now the factor behind the development of liver cirrhosis, liver cell failure, and liver transplantation in many cases. However, its relation to atrial fibrillation (AF) could not be cleared up. AIM: The purpose of the study was to evaluate prevalence of AF in the setting of NAFLD; the association between them, and to evaluate risk factors of AF in this category of patients. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed on 400 patients between January 2018 and June 2019. These patients were analyzed for the presence of NAFLD and presence of persistent or chronic AF. RESULTS: There were 138 patients with NAFLD, and 20 patients with persistent or permanent AF. Factors associated with AF were old age, male gender, and high values of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine-aminotransferase, γ-glutamyltranspeptidase, and serum uric acid. The participants with AF had a significantly greater prevalence of NAFLD than those without AF. CONCLUSION: Incidence and prevalence of atrial fibrillation in NAFLD patients were high. Severity of liver disease was an important predictor of new-onset atrial fibrillation

Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study of Two Lyophilized Orally Disintegrating Tablets Formulations of Vinpocetine in Human Volunteers

Vinpocetine is a poorly water soluble drug, commonly used in treatment of various cerebral insufficiency conditions. The aim of this work was to formulate vinpocetine in the form of orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs) and enhance its solubility and dissolution rate. This objective was addressed using lyophilization technique of either solid dispersion using polyethylene glycol 4000 (PEG 4000) or inclusion complex with 2-hydroxypropyl β-cyclodextrin (2HP-β-CD). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy were used to characterize the solid state of the prepared solid complex. Tablets were prepared by direct compression using 23 factorial design to evaluate the effect of formulation variables (Ac-di-sol concentration 5 or 10%, the ratio of soluble polymer 1:1 or 1:3 and binder type 6% w/w Avicel PH102 or 6% w/w carboxymethyl cellulose) on release characteristics. Results showed that lyophilized ODTs disintegrated within few seconds and had significantly faster dissolution rate (70-100 % in 5 minutes) compared to the commercial oral tablet (Cavinton®). This was achieved at high content of PEG 4000 or 2 HP-β-CD in presence of 10 % w/w Ac-Di-Sol and 6 % w/w Avicel PH102. The extent of per oral absorption of vinpocetine was determined in healthy human volunteers using randomized crossover design. The relative bioavailability of selected solid dispersion and inclusion complex formulations were found to be 171.98 % and 196.06 % respectively. The study indicated that complexation of vinpocetine with 2-HP-βCD or dispersion in PEG 4000 followed by lyophilization are two successful strategies for enhancing the bioavailability of the drug from ODTs

DYNAMICS OF THE ENTANGLEMENT AND ENCRYPTED INFORMATION OVER ENTANGLED QUANTUM NETWORKS

Quantum Information Technology (QIT) promises faster and a more secure means of data manipulation by making use of the quantum properties of matter. Applications of information science have been converted from classical to quantum information and invoke new features and high efficiency compared with classical information. To be able to implement any quantum algorithm or computational process, multi-entangled qubits are needed

DYNAMICS OF THE ENTANGLEMENT AND ENCRYPTED INFORMATION OVER ENTANGLED QUANTUM NETWORKS

Quantum Information Technology (QIT) promises faster and a more secure means of data manipulation by making use of the quantum properties of matter. Applications of information science have been converted from classical to quantum information and invoke new features and high efficiency compared with classical information. To be able to implement any quantum algorithm or computational process, multi-entangled qubits are needed

Factors Associated with Improved Glycemic Control by Direct-Acting Antiviral Agent Treatment in Egyptian Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Genotype 4

BackgroundThe association of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was first reported in 1994. Little is known about the effect of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) on glycemic control in T2DM patients. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the factors associated with improved glycemic control (IGC) by DAA treatment in Egyptian T2DM patients with chronic HCV genotype 4 infection.MethodsThis study included 460 T2DM patients with chronic HCV genotype 4 infection. Four hundred patients received DAAs and 60 patients did not receive DAAs. Patients with sustained virological response after 3 months of DAAs (378 patients) were allocated into two groups: first group included 292 patients (77.2%) with IGC and second group included 86 patients (22.8%) with non-improved glycemic control (NIGC).ResultsIn IGC group, 78 patients (26.7%) needed to decrease the dose of antidiabetic treatment. There were no significant differences between IGC and NIGC groups as regards age, sex, and body mass index. The percentage of patients with positive family history of T2DM, those with Child B class and duration of T2DM were significantly higher in NIGC group compared to IGC.ConclusionDiabetic patients receiving DAAs should be closely monitored for reduction of antidiabetic drugs especially insulin and sulfonylurea to avoid hypoglycemic events. Improvement of glycemic control with DAAs is more in patients without family history of T2DM, short duration of diabetes mellitus, and mild liver disease