La Petite presse : journal quotidien... / [rédacteur en chef : Balathier Bragelonne]

30 septembre 18681868/09/30 (A3,N895)

SNPs genotyped in the IL28B genomic region and their association with spontaneous clearance.

<p>A. The top panel shows the IL28B genomic region bounded by rs958039 and rs576832, its position on chromosome 19 (39,730,301–39,759,282 base pairs), and the respective positions of the genotyped SNPs. The bottom panel shows the frequencies of the minor allele for each SNP in the European and Egyptian populations. European frequencies are estimated from the CEU data from Hapmap and the 1000 Genomes project. Egyptian frequencies are estimated from the population from the overall sample studied here and separately for the two groups of individuals (HCV clearance and HCV persistence). Odds ratio for HCV clearance (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI 95%), together with P-values for univariate tests with the additive genetic model are also shown for each SNP. B. Proportion of spontaneous clearance as a function of genotype at SNPs rs12979860 and rs8103142.</p

Kaplan-Meier estimate of the SVC rate among 117 patients with acute hepatitis C, 2002–6, Cairo.

<p>Kaplan-Meier estimate of the SVC rate among 117 patients with acute hepatitis C, 2002–6, Cairo.</p

Factors associated with spontaneous viral clearance in acute hepatitis C patients (n = 117).

1<p>Median ALT was 684 IU/L; median bilirubin was 7.2 mg/dl (two missing values for bilirubin).</p>2<p>Medical procedures included surgery, blood transfusion, hemodialysis, biopsy, endoscopy, Caesarean section, episiotomy, uterine curettage, injection, infusion, catheter, sclerotherapy of varicose veins. Low risk exposures included acupuncture, shaving at barber, tattooing, pedicure, manicure, and circumcision.</p

Multivariate analysis showing factors independently associated with acute hepatitis C, Greater Cairo, 2002-7.

<p><b>NOTE</b>: Adjusted OR, odds ratio adjusted by all other covariates; CI, confidence interval.</p>e<p>7 participants with missing data: 6 controls with missing information on intravenous injection and one on duration of marriage.</p

A Novel Method to Identify Routes of Hepatitis C Virus Transmission

<div><p>Background</p><p>We propose a new approach based on genetic distances among viral strains to infer about risk exposures and location of transmission at population level.</p><p>Methods</p><p>We re-analysed 133 viral sequences obtained during a cross-sectional survey of 4020 subjects living in a hepatitis C virus (HCV) endemic area in 2002. A permutation test was used to analyze the correlation between matrices of genetic distances in the NS5b region of all pairwise combinations of the 133 viral strains and exposure status (jointly exposed or not) to several potential HCV risk factors.</p><p>Results</p><p>Compared to subjects who did not share the same characteristics or iatrogenic exposures, the median Kimura genetic distances of viral strains were significantly smaller between brothers and sisters (0.031 versus 0.102, P<0.001), mother and child (0.044 versus 0.102, P<0.001), father and child (0.045 versus 0.102, P<0.001), or subjects exposed to periodontal treatment (0.084 versus 0.102, P = 0.02). Conversely, viral strains were more divergent between subjects exposed to blood transfusions (0.216 versus 0.102, P = 0.04) or tooth filling or extraction (0.108, versus 0.097, P = 0.05), suggesting acquisition of the virus outside of the village.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>This method provided insights on where infection took place (household, village) for several socio-demographic characteristics or iatrogenic procedures, information of great relevance for targeting prevention interventions. This method may have interesting applications for virologists and epidemiologists studying transmission networks in health-care facilities or among intravenous drug users.</p></div

Diagnosis and follow-up of acute hepatitis C among 2243 patients with acute hepatitis, 2002–6, Cairo.

<p>Diagnosis and follow-up of acute hepatitis C among 2243 patients with acute hepatitis, 2002–6, Cairo.</p

Characteristics of the 17 patients who underwent treatment with pegylated interferon

<p>Characteristics of the 17 patients who underwent treatment with pegylated interferon</p

Socio-demographic characteristics of acute hepatitis C cases and controls sex- and ±1 year age-matched, Greater Cairo, 2002-7.

<p><b>NOTE</b>: Data are no. (%) of participants. OR, unadjusted odds ratio comparing cases to the two control groups combined; CI, confidence interval. NA = non applicable because of matching.</p

Pairwise NS5b HCV genetic distances among 133 subjects according to common exposure patterns.

<p>doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0086098.t002</p