Investigating the prevalence of menopausal complications and its related factors in women referred to Shahroud Health Centers in 2014

Introduction and Objective: Epidemiological studieshave shown that 65-85% of women experience menopausalcomplications. These complications can cause illnessand disability, and decrease women’s quality of lifeand endanger the health of the family and society. Therefore,it is important to address menopause and preventand treat menopausal complications. The aim of this researchwas to investigate the most common menopausalcomplications and related factors in Shahroud.Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study wasperformed on 350 women referred to Shahrood healthcenters in 2014. A questionnaire including demographicvariables, age and duration of menopause, weight, andbody mass index (BMI) was used for data collection. Datawere analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferentialtests through SPSS software.Results: According to the results, 79.1% of patientshad psychological complications, 61.1% had skin complications,51.7% of them had urogenital complications,70.9% had cardiac complications, 54% had musculoskeletalcomplications, and 82.6% had hot flashes. Hotflashes (82.6%) and psychological complications especiallyhopelessness (82.57%) and depression (80.28%) werethe most common menopausal complications.Conclusion: According to the results, although menopauseis a physiological process, the changes that occurin a woman during this period have a negative effect onher temperament and cause depression and anxiety; fordecreasing the rate of depression and increasing quality oflife, adaptation is needed. Moreover, adequate awarenessshould be given

Prevalence of diabetes in women with preeclampsia referred to Imam Hossein and Fatemieh Hospitals in Shahroud

Introduction and objective: Preeclampsia, characterised by hypertension and proteinuria occurring after 20 gestational weeks, is a leading cause of maternal and foetal morbidity and mortality . The pathophysiology of preeclampsia remains elusive, and  the incidence of diabetes during pregnancy in patients with preeclampsia is still a mather of study. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of diabetes in women with preeclampsia referred to Imam Hossein and Fatemieh hospitals in Shahroud. Methodology: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 108 women with preeclampsia (based on clinical symptoms, gynecological tests, and diagnoses) referred to Fatemieh and Imam Hossein hospitals in Shahroud for delivery or termination of pregnancy in 2014. A questionnaire, which included demographic information such as age, number of pregnancies, birth rank, pregnancy conditions, type of delivery, history of hypertension and diabetes in the patient and their first-degree relatives, was used in this study. Data were expressed as percentage, frequency, standard deviation, mean, and were analyzed by Student's t test and chi-square, using SPSS software. A value of p<0.05 was considered significant. Results: The incidence of preeclampsia was associated with maternal diabetes (p≤0.05), maternal age (p≤0.04), birth rank (p≤0.04), multiple pregnancies (p≤0.03), history of maternal diabetes, history of maternal hypertension (p≤0.03), history of preeclampsia at previous delivery (p<0.02) and age of termination of pregnancy (p≤0.01). There was no significant difference with regard to other variables. Conclusion: The results revealed that about 25% of preeclampsia patients had gestational diabetes, which increased the risk in pregnant women and neonates. Therefore, by preventing and controlling blood pressure and diabetes, we can reduce the maternal and fetal complications of these disorders, and thus, reduce the rate of mortality