8,724 research outputs found
Inverse versus Normal NiAs Structure as High-Pressure Phase of FeO and MnO
The high-pressure phases of FeO and MnO were studied by the first principles
calculations. The present theoretical study predicts that the high-pressure
phase of MnO is a metallic normal B8 structure (nB8), while that of FeO should
take the inverse B8 structure (iB8). The novel feature of the unique
high-pressure phase of stoichiometric FeO is that the system should be a band
insulator in the ordered antiferromagnetic (AF) state and that the existence of
a band gap leads to special stability of the phase. The observed metallicity of
the high-pressure and high-temperature phase of FeO may be caused by the loss
of AF order and also by the itinerant carriers created by non-stoichiometry.
Analysis of x-ray diffraction experiments provides a further support to the
present theoretical prediction for both FeO and MnO. Strong stability of the
high-pressure phase of FeO will imply possible important roles in Earth's core.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures and 1 table; submitted to "Nature
Equivalence between Schwinger and Dirac schemes of quantization
This paper introduces the modified version of Schwinger's quantization
method, in which the information on constraints and the choice of gauge
conditions are included implicitly in the choice of variations used in
quantization scheme. A proof of equivalence between Schwinger- and
Dirac-methods for constraint systems is given.Comment: 12pages, No figures, Latex, The proof is improved and one reference
is adde
First-Principles Study of Electronic Structure in -(BEDT-TTF)I at Ambient Pressure and with Uniaxial Strain
Within the framework of the density functional theory, we calculate the
electronic structure of -(BEDT-TTF)I at 8K and room temperature
at ambient pressure and with uniaxial strain along the - and -axes. We
confirm the existence of anisotropic Dirac cone dispersion near the chemical
potential. We also extract the orthogonal tight-binding parameters to analyze
physical properties. An investigation of the electronic structure near the
chemical potential clarifies that effects of uniaxial strain along the a-axis
is different from that along the b-axis. The carrier densities show
dependence at low temperatures, which may explain the experimental findings not
only qualitatively but also quantitatively.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figure
Crystal-field-induced magnetostrictions in the spin reorientation process of NdFeB-type compounds
Volume expansion associated with the spin reorientation
process of NdFeB-type compounds has been investigated in terms of
simple crystalline-electric-field (CEF) model. In this system,
is shown to be a direct measure of second order CEF energy. Calculated
anomalies in associated with the first-order magnetization
process of NdFeB are presented, which well reproduced the
observations.Comment: 2 pages, 2 figures, to appear in J. Magn. Magn. Mate
Direct Observation of the Hyperfine Transition of the Ground State Positronium
We report the first direct measurement of the hyperfine transition of the
ground state positronium. The hyperfine structure between ortho-positronium and
para-positronium is about 203 GHz. We develop a new optical system to
accumulate about 10 kW power using a gyrotron, a mode converter, and a
Fabry-P\'{e}rot cavity. The hyperfine transition has been observed with a
significance of 5.4 standard deviations. The transition probability is measured
to be s for the first time, which
is in good agreement with the theoretical value of
s
Structure and magnetism in nanocrystalline Ca(La)B films
Nanocrystalline films of La-doped CaB have been fabricated by using a
rf-magnetron sputtering. Lattice expansion of up to 6% with respect to the bulk
value was observed along the direction perpendicular to the film plane, which
arises from the trapping of Ar gas into the film. Large ferromagnetic moment of
3 ~ 4 Bohr magneton per La has been observed in some La-doped films only when
the lattice expansion rate is larger than 2.5%.Comment: 2 pages, 2 figures, to appear in J. Magn. Magn. Mate
Effects of using different plasmonic metals in metal/dielectric/metal subwavelength waveguides on guided dispersion characteristics
The fundamental guided dispersion characteristics of guided light in a
subwavelength dielectric slit channel embedded by two different plasmonic
metals are investigated when varying the gap width. As a result, an overall and
salient picture of the guided dispersion characteristics is obtained over a
wide spectrum range below and above the plasma frequencies of the two different
plasmonic metals, which is important preliminary information for analyzing this
type of subwavelength waveguide. In particular, the effects of using two
different metals on the guided mode dispersions are emphasized in comparison
with the effects of using the same plasmonic metal cladding.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figures, typos corrected, reference added, text modifie
Isotropic photonic band gap and anisotropic structures in transmission spectra of two-dimensional 5-fold and 8-fold symmetric quasiperiodic photonic crystals
We measured and calculated transmission spectra of two-dimensional
quasiperiodic photonic crystals (PCs) based on a 5-fold (Penrose) or 8-fold
(octagonal) symmetric quasiperiodic pattern. The photonic crystal consisted of
dielectric cylindrical rods in air placed normal to the basal plane on vertices
of tiles composing the quasiperiodic pattern. An isotropic photonic band gap
(PBG) appeared in the TM mode, where electric fields were parallel to the rods,
even when the real part of a dielectric constant of the rod was as small as
2.4. An isotropic PBG-like dip was seen in tiny Penrose and octagonal PCs with
only 6 and 9 rods, respectively. These results indicate that local multiple
light scattering within the tiny PC plays an important role in the PBG
formation. Besides the isotropic PBG, we found dips depending on the incident
angle of the light. This is the first report of anisotropic structures clearly
observed in transmission spectra of quasiperiodic PCs. Based on rod-number and
rod-arrangement dependence, it is thought that the shapes and positions of the
anisotropic dips are determined by global multiple light scattering covering
the whole system. In contrast to the isotropic PBG due to local light
scattering, we could not find any PBGs due to global light scattering even
though we studied transmission spectra of a huge Penrose PC with 466 rods.Comment: One tex file for manuscript and 12 PNG files for figures consisting
of Fig.1a-d, 2,3, ...
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