Students bad habits - smoking, alcohol and unhealthy behaviour leading to besity

Konzumacija cigareta, prekomjerne količine alkohola, loša i nezdrava prehrana te manjak fizičke aktivnosti samo su neke od čestih navika koje dugoročno narušavaju zdravlje ljudi. Duhanski dim na početku oštećuje dišni sustav, a zatim ostavlja posljedice zbog kojeg trpi cijeli organizam. Osnovni aktivni farmakološki sastojak duhana je nikotin, jedan od najjačih otrova koje čovjek poznaje, koji uzrokuje ovisnost i naviku pušenja. Arheološki nalazi potvrđuju da su ljudi već prije 30 000 – 40 000 godina pili i proizvodili alkoholna pića. Mlade osobe imaju jaku želju da što prije postanu odrasli i zreli te se vole ponašati kao odrasle osobe, tada pribjegavaju oblicima ponašanja koji su im zabranjeni, a odraslima dopušteni. Važnu ulogu u zdravstvenom odgoju i učenju o štetnim navikama ima obitelj, škola te sportske organizacije, kako bi zaštitili i unaprijedili zdravlje. Konzumacija alkohola među mladim osobama može biti dio eksperimentiranja u sklopu psihološkog razvoja tijekom adolescencije, ali također, može prijeći u naviku i dovesti do ovisnosti i oštećenja zdravlja. Ustanovljeno je da neki ljudi ne piju zato što žele piti, već zato što su nastale velike promjene osobnosti da ne mogu prestati piti, pa su postali ovisni o alkoholnom piću. Mnoga istraživanja pokazuju da djeca počinju piti vrlo rano, bez znanja o posljedicama koje nosi alkohol. Određivanje pretilosti, vrši se na osnovi indeksa tjelesne mase koji predstavlja kriterij za debljinu, onda kada je viši od 30 kg/m2 . Europski ured Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije prati kretanje prekomjerne tjelesne težine u Europi i podaci pokazuju kako je Europu zahvatila epidemija debljine sličnih dimenzija kao u SAD-u. S epidemiološke strane, debljina je dosegnula pandemijske razmjere s više od 700 milijuna pretilih odraslih osoba u svijetu i javnozdravstveni je problem koji je sve veći uz sve napore koji su uloženi. Provedeno je istraživanje o štetnim navikama među studentima u svrhu izrade Završnog rada. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju kako 49% ispitanika puši cigarete, a kao razlog najviše su navodili: stres, dosadu, naviku i užitak. Što se tiče konzumacije alkohola, 66% ispitanika priznalo je da ponekad uživa u piću, najčešće je to vino ili pivo. Ispitanici najviše konzumiraju alkoholna pića zbog društva, u izlascima te iz zadovoljstva. Rezultati prehrane kod studenata veoma su zabrinjavajući. Naime, samo 25% ispitanih studenata kazalo je da se hrani zdravo, dok se ostatak pokušava hraniti zdravo. U zadnjem pitanju ankete „Koju štetnu naviku ste zbog pritiska na fakultetu počeli najviše konzumirati?“ možemo vidjeti kako se je čak 60% anketiranih počelo nezdravo hraniti.Cigarette consumption, excessive amounts of alcohol, poor and unhealthy diet and lack of physical activity are just some of the common habits that impair human health in the long run. Tobacco smoke initially damages the respiratory system and then leaves consequences that cause the whole organism to suffer. The basic active pharmacological ingredient of tobacco is nicotine, one of the strongest poisons known to man, which causes addiction and the habit of smoking. Archaeological findings confirm that people drank and produced alcoholic beverages 30,000-40,000 years ago. Young people have a strong desire to become adults and mature as soon as possible and like to behave like adults, then they resort to forms of behavior that are forbidden to them and allowed to adults. The family, school and sports organizations play an important role in health education and learning about harmful habits, in order to protect and improve health. Alcohol consumption among young people can be part of experimentation as part of psychological development during adolescence, but it can also become a habit and lead to addiction and damage to health. It has been found that some people drink, not because they want to drink, but because there have been major personality changes that they cannot stop drinking so they have become addicted to alcohol. Many studies show that children start drinking very early, unaware of the consequences of alcohol. Determination of obesity is performed on the basis of body mass index, which is a criterion for obesity, when it is higher than 30 kg / m2. The European Office of the World Health Organization monitors the movement of overweight in Europe and the data show that Europe has been affected by an epidemic of obesity of similar dimensions as in the United States. On the epidemiological side, obesity has reached pandemic proportions with more than 700 million obese adults worldwide and is a growing public health problem with all the efforts that have been made. A survey on harmful habits among students was conducted for the purpose of writing the Final Thesis. The results of the survey show that 49% of respondents smoke cigarettes, citing: stress, boredom, habit and pleasure. As for alcohol consumption, 66% of respondents admitted that they sometimes enjoy drinking, most often wine or beer. Respondents mostly consume alcoholic beverages for the sake of company, going out and for pleasure. The results of student nutrition are very worrying. Namely, only 25% of the surveyed students said that they eat healthy, while the rest try to eat healthy. In the last question of the survey "Which harmful habit did you start consuming the most due to pressure at college?" We can see how as many as 60% of respondents started eating unhealthily