Frequency and Distribution of Candida Species from Denture Wearers

Species of Candida were isolated from 100 denture wearers, who were examined for grade of denture stomatitis, degree of denture plaque accumulation and other clinical features. Candida albicans was the dominant species isolated from denture surfaces followed by Torulopsis glabrata and Candida tropicalis. Statistical analysis of the results revealed close relationships between the grade of denture stomatitis and the degree of denture plaque accumulation or the fungal concentration on the denture surface, and also between the degree of denture plaque accumulation and fungal concentration on the denture surface. Furthermore, the grade of denture stomatitis correlated with the period of denture wearing but not with the patient's age. The fungal concentration on denture surface also correlated with the patient's age and the period of denture wearing

Psychological Stress Induced by Prone Positioning among Adults with Severe Cerebral Palsy

The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychological impact of various positionings in subjects with cerebral palsy (CP). The participants were 17 individuals with severe motor and intellectual disability due to CP. They began in a sitting position in their wheelchair, and were placed consecutively in prone or supine positions, with no intervals between placements. Physiological observations were made in each position, and included salivary α-amylase activity, pulse, percutaneous oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, learance or not of airway secretions, and occurrence or not of adverse events. Salivary α-amylase activity values were higher in the prone position than in the baseline and supine positions (p<0.05). Clearance of airway secretions was significantly more prevalent in the prone position than in the baseline and supine positions (p <0.05). The participants’ pulse was significantly lower in the supine and prone positions than in the baseline position (p<0.05). Greater prevalence of airway secretion clearance and significantly higher stress levels as indicated by saliva amylase were observed in the prone position than in the other two positions. Therefore, when such patients are placed in a prone position, close attention to airway management and the potential for psychological stress may be necessary

A Simplified Culture for the Diagnosis of Denture Stomatitis

The relationship between the clinical features of denture stomatitis and the number of Candida colonies determined by swabs from the palatal mucosa has been proved to be close. In daily practice, if the number of Candida organisms can be assessed present without both difficulty and need for special equipment, it might be of benefit. Therefore, a simplified culture has been developed for the diagnosis of denture stomatitis in the dental office, which is based on the acid-producing capacity of Candida species and is displayed in color changes. The coefficient of correlation between the culture reaction and the clinical assessment of denture stomatitis was r=-0.64 ~ -0.86. It has also been helpful in instructing patients about denture cleanliness.Stomastat® (Sankin Industry Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan) and Candida Yellow Medium® (Fujiseiyakukogyo Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) on the market are based on this research

Intraoperative knee kinematics

The aim of this cadaveric study was to evaluate the intraoperative kinematics of the native knee including two-dimensional translation of the femur using a navigation system. Eight native knees of 4 fresh-frozen whole-body cadavers were used for the study. The kinematics of each knee were analyzed intraoperatively using the navigation system. Although anterior-posterior translation could not be assessed directly, it could be calculated using a formula derived from the parameters in the navigation system. The native knee showed external rotation of the femur in early knee flexion, transient internal rotation in mid flexion, and gradual external rotation in late flexion. There was no marked change in the coronal rotation angle of the mechanical axis during knee flexion. The femoral center moved anteriorly in early knee flexion and posteriorly in late flexion. The distance moved in the medial-lateral direction was relatively smaller than that in the anterior-posterior direction. Two-dimensional translation of the surgical epicondylar axis showed a medial pivot-like motion. In this cadaveric study, the kinematics of the native knee, including two-dimensional translation of the femur, could be satisfactorily assessed intraoperatively using a navigation system. The intraoperative kinematics of the knee can be analyzed in more detail using this methodology

Fossil tubeworms link coastal uplift of the northern Noto Peninsula to rupture of the Wajima-oki fault in AD 1729

The active fault zone on the seafloor off the northern coast of the Noto Peninsula of central Japan is divided into four segments from west to east: Monzen-oki, Saruyama-oki, Wajima-oki, and Suzu-oki. To examine the latest event that occurred in these segments, we investigated the dates and elevations of fossilized intertidal tubeworms along the northern coast of the Noto Peninsula, located on the hanging-wall sides of the faults, using radioactive carbon dating and global positioning measurements. For each fossil, we calculated the difference between the past and present elevation, thereby estimating the elevation of the sea level at the date of the fossil, using a curve for sea level change. This calculation provided us with the elevation change at each site. The vertical changes estimated from the elevations and ages of the intertidal tubeworms revealed that the coastal emergence probably occurred between 1600 and 1800 AD. This area of coastal emergence lies adjacent to active faults within the Wajima-oki segment. A model for rectangular faults with three fault planes and a moment magnitude of 6.6 for the Wajima-oki segment reproduced the observed pattern of coastal emergence well. Only one damaging earthquake, that in 1729, is known to have occurred in this part of the northern Noto Peninsula between 1600 and 1800 AD, and there has not been one since 1800 AD. The slip distribution of the fault predicted by the model is consistent with the distribution of shaking-related damage documented in 1729. We conclude that rupture of the Wajima-oki segment caused the 1729 earthquake. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.Embargo Period 24 month

Impact of Tributyltin and Triphenyltin on Ivory Shell (Babylonia japonica) Populations

We histopathologically examined gonads and chemically determined organotin compounds in tissues of the ivory shell, Babylonia japonica. Imposex (a superimposition of male-type genital organs on females) occurred in approximately 80–90% of B. japonica specimens that we examined, with the penis and vas deferens both well developed. No oviduct blockage by vas deferens formation was observed. Ovarian spermatogenesis and suppressed ovarian maturation were observed in the females that exhibited imposex, although no histopathological abnormalities were found in males. Tissue distributions of organotin compounds [tributyltin (TBT), triphenyltin (TPhT), and their metabolites] were different for butyltins and phenyltins; a remarkably high accumulation of TBT was observed in the ctenidium, osphradium, and heart, whereas high concentrations of TPhT were detected in the ovary and digestive gland. More than one-third of TBT accumulated in the digestive glands of both males and females, followed by the testis, ctenidium, muscle, and heart tissues in males and in the muscle, ovary, ctenidium, and head tissues (including the central nervous system ganglia) in females. In both males and females, more than half of total TPhT accumulated in the digestive glands, followed by the gonads. The next highest values were in the muscle, ctenidium, and heart tissues in males and in the muscle, oviduct, and head tissues in females. Both TBT and TPhT concentrations in the gonads were positively correlated with penis length in females. Our findings strongly suggest that reproductive failure in adult females accompanied by imposex, possibly induced by TBT and TPhT from antifouling paints, may have caused the marked decline of B. japonica populations in Japan

Application of CFD to Prediction of Heat Exchanger Temperature and Indoor Airflow Control Simulation in Room Air Conditioner Development

In the development of room air conditioners, repeated experiments are conducted to improve product performance. In experiments, temperatures, and air velocities, however, the number and locations of sensors that can be installed in experiments are limited, and it is difficult to estimate the background of a phenomenon based on experimental data alone. Therefore, in design practice, we utilize quantitative verification by CFD in addition to experimental analysis. In this chapter, we describe two CFD models. The first model is a heat exchanger model of an indoor unit that has a cross-flow fan and a heat exchanger. This model is coupled with CFD model and one-dimensional refrigerant flow circuit model. This calculates airflow velocity, temperature, refrigerant flow pressure, and enthalpy. The second model is an indoor airflow model of a room. The room air conditioner can control the temperature and the velocity distribution of airflow in a room, which influences user thermal comfort by controlling the direction, temperature, and volume of airflow by using the indoor unit outlet. This model can predict airflow velocity and temperature in a room

Experimental and Chcal Study of Dose-Reducing Effect of Normal Tissues in Interstitial Radiotherapy of the Tongue Carcinom

本論文の要旨は平成3年6月の第24回広島大学歯学会総会において発表した

Intracranial extension of meibomian gland carcinoma with pagetoid changes

金沢大学附属病院脳神経外科A 41-year-old man presented with exophthalmos and loss of visual acuity. Neuroradiological studies showed a large mass extending from the intraorbital region to the frontal lobe. In addition, it also involved the middle cranial and infratemporal fossae with accompanying skull destruction. The tumor was almost totally removed. The histological diagnosis was sebaceous carcinoma with pagetoid changes. Despite surgery and local irradiation, intracranial metastases were recognized one year later, and the patient underwent total tumor removal and whole-brain irradiation. Although multiple lung metastases were detected one year after the second operation, three years post-surgery he remains free of intracranial tumor recurrence. Sebaceous carcinoma of meibomian gland origin with pagetoid changes is a distinct, highly aggressive clinical entity. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential to improve the prognosis of patients with meibomian gland carcinoma with intracranial extension. © 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved