Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of mahanimbine (carbazole alkaloid) from murraya koenigii (rutaceae) leaves

Murraya koenigii leaves (Rutaceae) are used traditionally in Indian Ayurvedic system to treat diabetes. The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of mahanimbine (carbazole alkaloid from Murraya koenigii leaves) on blood glucose and serum lipid profiles on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in adult male Wistar rats by intra-peritoneal injection of streptozotocin (45mg/kg). Mahanimbine (50 and 100mg/kg) were administrated as a single dose per week to the diabetic rats for 30 days. The control group received 0.3% w/v sodium carboxy methyl cellulose for the same duration. Fasting blood sugar and serum lipid profiles were measured in the diabetic and non-diabetic rats. In addition, in vitro alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibitory effects of mahanimbine were performed. Results: In the diabetic rats, the elevated fasting blood sugar, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein levels were reduced and high density lipoprotein level was increased by mahanimbine at a dose of 50 and 100mg/kg (i.p). In addition, mahanimbine showed appreciable alpha amylase inhibitory effect and weak alpha glucosidase inhibitory effects when compared with acarbose. Conclusions: The present study indicated that mahanimbine possess anti-hyperglycemic and anti-lipidemic effects. Thus results suggesting mahanimbine has beneficial effect in the management of diabetes associated with abnormal lipid profile and related cardiovascular complications.Keywords: Streptozotocin; Hypoglycemic; Hypolipidemic; Mahanimbin

Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic effects of mahanimbine (carbazole alkaloid) from murraya koenigii (rutaceae) leaves

Murraya koenigii leaves (Rutaceae) are used traditionally in Indian Ayurvedic system to treat diabetes. The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of mahanimbine (carbazole alkaloid from Murraya koenigii leaves) on blood glucose and serum lipid profiles on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in adult male Wistar rats by intra-peritoneal injection of streptozotocin (45mg/kg). Mahanimbine (50 and 100mg/kg) were administrated as a single dose per week to the diabetic rats for 30 days. The control group received 0.3% w/v sodium carboxy methyl cellulose for the same duration. Fasting blood sugar and serum lipid profiles were measured in the diabetic and non-diabetic rats. In addition, in vitro alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibitory effects of mahanimbine were performed. Results: In the diabetic rats, the elevated fasting blood sugar, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein levels were reduced and high density lipoprotein level was increased by mahanimbine at a dose of 50 and 100mg/kg (i.p). In addition, mahanimbine showed appreciable alpha amylase inhibitory effect and weak alpha glucosidase inhibitory effects when compared with acarbose. Conclusions: The present study indicated that mahanimbine possess anti-hyperglycemic and anti-lipidemic effects. Thus results suggesting mahanimbine has beneficial effect in the management of diabetes associated with abnormal lipid profile and related cardiovascular complications.Keywords: Streptozotocin; Hypoglycemic; Hypolipidemic; Mahanimbin

A Study of the Zinc Deficiency in a Section of Rural People in Bengal, India by Soil Fortification

Zinc concentration in the soil of some area in Hoogly is less than normal. Flax seed crop was grown in Zn deficient soil of acid lateritic type. The oil extracted from the oil seed obtained from soil fortified with Zn contained higher level of Zn and was fed to persons for judging their biochemical changes with respect to fasting blood sugar (FBS), total cholesterol (TLC), HDL cholesterol (HDLC), LDL cholesterol (LDLC), and triglyceride (TG). The results revealed that feeding flax oil to the volunteers for a period of four years brought considerable changes in lowering down the levels of TLC, LDLC, TG and FBS. However, flax oil with more zinc content has shown more reductions in FBS and LDLC levels. The study tries to find out the relationship between zinc concentration in oil and incidence of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus

Mechanistic Explorations of Antidiabetic Potentials of Sansevieria Trifasciata

ABSTRACT: There has been a great resurgence of interest in phyto-therapy in treating chronic diseases like Type 2 diabetes. The current research aims to explore the mechanistic anti-diabetic potentials of the leaves and rhizomes of Sansevieria trifasciata (ST). Chemo-profiling by phytochemical tests and GC-MS analysis have shown the presence of phenolics, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids and glycosides. The median lethal dose was found to be 500 mg/kg on acute toxicity studies. The extract showed statistically significant (p<0.001 and p<0.05) hypoglycemia on fasting and oral glucose challenge; body weight (p<0.001) determination and quenching of TBARS (p<0.001); the facts being further supported by histopathological assessment. The flow cytometric data revealed the beneficial role of plant extract in preventing apoptotic cell death under hyperglycemic conditions and results of Western blot analysis showed reduced expressions of the vascular inflammation markers on administration of plant extract

Current trends in osteoarthritis management-A short review

ABSTRACT Osteoarthritis is one of the most debilitating clinical entities we come across in outpatient practice. It is a clinical endpoint of a number of pathophysiologic changes associated with age, joint trauma and alteration of biomechanics resulting in joint failure. The presentation of osteoarthritis represents a multitude of factors like joint damage, irregulated immune response to damage and chronic inflammatory response. Several Pathogens associated molecular patters (PAMP) and Damage associated Molecular pattern (DAMP) due to unregulated innate response has been implicated in the progression of the disease

Extended Stern Model

In this paper, a theoretical approach of extended Stern model is formulated to represent the electric double layer (EDL) for biochemical as well as biological samples. The existing Stern model is used for several decades to describe the phenomena of electric double layer of electrode/electrolyte interface. In the conventional stern model the double layer which is formed between the electrode and electrolyte interface is described by double layer capacitance. Using the existing Stern model, the equivalent circuit model is not valid for electrical double layer capacitance of electrode/electrolyte interface in β dispersion range. The protein molecules form chemical coupling and chemical adsorption along with classical ionic bonding with gold electrodes. Thus, the compactness of EDL decreases and the double layer capacitance is replaced by a constant phase element (CPE). In the present paper, a three-electrode based ECIS device was used to measure the impedance of various enzymatic solutions for practical realization of theoretical approach. The results obtained from experimental work, were simulated by equivalent circuit simulator, ZsimpWin to validate the extended Stern model by comparing χ2 value. Finally the electrical parameters were extracted and compared for Stern model and extended Stern model. The results obtained by practical experiment and equivalent circuit simulation showed the effectiveness of extended Stern model over Stern model