245 research outputs found
Collective mechanism of dilepton production in high-energy nuclear collisions
Collective bremsstrahlung of vector meson fields in relativistic nuclear
collisions is studied within the time-dependent Walecka model. Mutual
deceleration of the colliding nuclei is described by introducing the effective
stopping time and average rapidity loss of baryons. It is shown that
electromagnetic decays of virtual omega-mesons produced by bremsstrahlung
mechanism can provide a substantial contribution to the soft dilepton yield at
the SPS bombarding energies. In particular, it may be responsible for the
dilepton enhancement observed in 160 AGev central Pb+Au collisions. Suggestions
for future experiments to estimate the relative contribution of the collective
mechanism are given.Comment: 6 page
Elliptic Flow and Dissipation in Heavy-Ion Collisions at E_{lab} = (1--160)A GeV
Elliptic flow in heavy-ion collisions at incident energies
(1--160)A GeV is analyzed within the model of 3-fluid dynamics (3FD). We show
that a simple correction factor, taking into account dissipative affects,
allows us to adjust the 3FD results to experimental data. This single-parameter
fit results in a good reproduction of the elliptic flow as a function of the
incident energy, centrality of the collision and rapidity. The experimental
scaling of pion eccentricity-scaled elliptic flow versus
charged-hadron-multiplicity density per unit transverse area turns out to be
also reasonably described. Proceeding from values of the Knudsen number,
deduced from this fit, we estimate the upper limit the shear
viscosity-to-entropy ratio as at the SPS incident energies.
This value is of the order of minimal observed in water and liquid
nitrogen.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, version accepted by Phys. Rev.
Hydrodynamic modeling of deconfinement phase transition in heavy-ion collisions at NICA-FAIR energies
We use (3+1) dimensional ideal hydrodynamics to describe the space-time
evolution of strongly interacting matter created in Au+Au and Pb+Pb collisions.
The model is applied for the domain of bombarding energies 1-160 AGeV which
includes future NICA and FAIR experiments. Two equations of state are used: the
first one corresponding to resonance hadron gas and the second one including
the deconfinement phase transition. The initial state is represented by two
Lorentz-boosted nuclei. Dynamical trajectories of matter in the central box of
the system are analyzed. They can be well represented by a fast shock-wave
compression followed by a relatively slow isentropic expansion. The parameters
of collective flows and hadronic spectra are calculated under assumption of the
isochronous freeze-out. It is shown that the deconfinement phase transition
leads to broadening of proton rapidity distributions, increase of elliptic
flows and formation of the directed antiflow in the central rapidity region.
These effects are most pronounced at bombarding energies around 10 AGeV, when
the system spends the longest time in the mixed phase. From the comparison with
three-fluid calculations we conclude that the transparency effects are not so
important in central collisions at NICA-FAIR energies (below 30 AGeV).Comment: 38 pages, 28 figure
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