9,399 research outputs found
Managing migration in the Philippines : lessons for India
This paper highlights the significance of international migration
in the Philippines economy and society, discusses the supportive and
regulatory role that the government of the Philippines plays in promoting
it and draws the lessons that India might learn from the Philippines
experience. Temporary labour migration to foreign countries is a policy
priority of the Government of the Philippines which restricts official
access to markets through recruitment by licensed agencies or the
government itself. The Government retains a regulatory role, though
most of the responsibility for recruiting workers is entrusted with the
private sector with a view to protecting workers from abuse and
discouraging illegal recruitment. International migrants receive several
benefits- pre migration training, life insurance, pensions and loan
facilities. Remittances are encouraged and investment programmes are
offered. Filipinos abroad are given psychological counselling to maintain
Filipino values and offered rights to vote in national elections. The
Philippines government also lends its support to return migrants through
tax-free shopping facilities, investment loans and subsidised scholarships.
The efforts of the government have yielded substantial results even
though short comings and failures do remain. The gains of government
policies however far outweigh their inadequencies.
India has several lessons to draw from the Philippines experiment
in order to organise systematic flows of emigrants from India, namely,
to take care of their working and living conditions abroad, to channel
emigrants' savings into productive uses, to promote welfare funds of
emigrant workers, to protect the interests of workers abroad during their
sojourn and after return, to offer intending emigrants pre-departure
orientation courses, to prevent all practices of breach of contract on the
part of recruitment agencies and foreign employers and to increase the
investment of Indian embassies in the affairs of Indian emigrants.
Key words: Migration, Remittances, Employment, The Philippines
JEL Classification: J21, J2
Delivery complications and determinants of caesarean section rates in India : an analysis of National Family Health Surveys, 1992-93
Caesarean section rates have been increasing world-wide raising
the question of the appropriateness of the selection of cases for the
procedure. This paper examines the levels and correlates of delivery
related complications and caesarean section deliveries in eighteen selected
states of India in terms of specific maternal and institutional factors,
using data from the National Family Health Surveys, 1992-93. Goa (15.3
per cent) and Kerala (13.7 per cent) were the two states with relatively
higher caesarean section rates. There is reason to believe that the current
caesarean section rates are part of a rising trend. This can not be attributed
entirely to the rise in institutional deliveries alone because of the strong
association between caesarean sections and private sector institutions.
Apart from the fact that the states of Kerala and Goa are having relatively
high caesarean section rates, in Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat,
Karnataka, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh the risk of undergoing caesarean
section in the private sector institutions is four or more times that in the
public sector. It is possible that this extremely useful surgical procedure
is being misused for profit purposes in the private sector in several states.
There is therefore a need to examine this phenomenon using disaggregated
data by the nature of caesarean sections, i.e. whether it was
an elective or an emergency c-section along with the reasons for the
choice.
JEL Classification : I1, I18
Key Words: caesarean section, institutional deliveries, delivery
complications, medical interventio
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR THE DETERMINATION OF VALSARTAN
Objective: A stability indicating RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the determination of Valsartan using Telmisartan (10 µg/ml) as the internal standard.Methods: In this procedure Phenomenex ODS C-18(250×4.6 mm, packed with 5 micron) column was used with a new mobile phase consisting of methanol: acetonitrile: water (70:15:15 v/v) and the pH was adjusted to 3 by 0.1% glacial acetic acid with a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The eluents were monitored at 249 nm. Valsartan was subjected to stress conditions including hydrolytic degradation in acidic, basic and neutral conditions, oxidation, photolytic, UV degradation and thermal degradation.Results: Linearity was obtained in the concentration range of 10-90 µg/ml (R2 =0.999) and with a regression equation y=0.074x+0.005. The LOD and LOQ values were 0.261 and 0.791 µg/ml respectively. The drug had shown promising degradation in the acidic, basic, neutral, thermal and oxidative stress conditions.Conclusion: The method was validated for accuracy, precision, linearity, specificity and robustness and revealed that it is specific, accurate, rapid, precise, reliable and reproducible enough to analyze commercial dosage forms as per ICH guidelines
Chiral Symmetry Breaking and Pion Wave Function
We consider here chiral symmetry breaking through nontrivial vacuum structure
with quark antiquark condensates. We then relate the condensate function to the
wave function of pion as a Goldstone mode. This simultaneously yields the pion
also as a quark antiquark bound state as a localised zero mode in vacuum. We
illustrate the above with Nambu Jona-Lasinio model to calculate different
pionic properties in terms of the vacuum structure for breaking of exact or
approximate chiral symmetry, as well as the condensate fluctuations giving rise
to mesons.Comment: latex, revtex, 16 page
Occurrence and incidence of foot rot disease on fenugreek caused by Fusarium moniliforme in Rohilkhand region of Uttar Pradesh, India
Pathological studies were carried out in Rohilkhand region during the crop season 2013-14 to assess the pathogenic disease incidence of foot rot of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum Linn.) caused by Fusarium moniliforme. A total of 75 fields were surveyed during the crop period at monthly interval during germination, vegetative, flowering and fruiting stages in five different localities of Rohilkhand region. The foot-rot disease of fenugreek was found in all fields (Bareilly, Baheri, Pilibhit, Budaun and Meerganj) selected for the study. Monthly occurrence of disease incidence of foot rot ranged from 44-58%. Maximum disease incidence was recorded in the month of Oct. (58%) followed by September (57%) and November (56%). January exhibited the lowest incidence (45%) of pathogenic disease. However, foot rot symptoms developed at early stage of plant growth and persisted up to the end of the crop
Occurrence of Streptomyces aurantiacus in Mangroves of Bhitarkanika
Thirteen strains of Streptomyces were isolated from phyllosphere of nine mangrove tree species found in Bhitarkanika mangrove ecosystem of Orissa. According to physiological, biochemical data, all 13 of the isolates were taxonomically identified to the genus Streptomyces as aurantiacus species. All strains are grayish, spirals and forming amorphous colony. Almost all utilized araginose, produced H2S, resistant towards rifampicin and penicillin, urea except few strains. However, they exhibited different extracellular activity like phosphate solubilization, lipase and L asparaginase production. This is a unique report from this mangrove ecosystem as far as Streptomyces occurrence is concerned
Blood Flow through a Composite Stenosis in an Artery with Permeable Wall
The present work concerns the fluid mechanical study on the effects of the permeability of the wall through an artery with a composite stenosis. The expressions for the blood flow characteristics, the flow resistance, the wall shear stress, shearing stress at the stenosis throat have been derived. Results for the effect of permeability on these flow characteristics are shown graphically and discussed briefly
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