The relationship of limited mobility of the cervical spinewith postural and mental reactions of students

Introduction: Previous studies have found that, in addition to the general factors for the occurrence of pain and reduced mobility of the cervical spine, the use of electronic devices promotes these, the excessive use of which can also lead to the occurrence of depressive symptoms in students. The aim of this study was to determine the mobility limitation of the cervical spine in students with reported neck pain, to determine the degree of disability and depression due to neck pain, to determine the correlation of mobility limitation of the cervical spine with the degree of disability and depression of students, and to determine the correlation of the degree of disability with the degree of depression. Methods: The research was conducted as a cross-sectional study from May to July 2021 at the University of Zenica in four faculties. The study used the General Questionnaire and two standardized questionnaires to assess disability due to neck pain (Index of Disability due to Neck Pain) and the degree of depression (patient health questionnaire). Results: A total of 147 students with reported neck pain participated in the study. A limitation of mobility was found in 30.6% of the students in flexion, 25.2% in rotation, 23.8% in lateral flexion, and 20.4% on extension. Mild disability due to neck pain was found in 58.5% of students, moderate in 23.8%, and severe in 2.7%. 45.6% of the students had mild depression, 18.4% had moderate depression, and 5.4% had severe depression.Conclusion: Restricted flexion and rotation are more common than restricted lateral flexion and extension of the cervical spine. About half of the students who reported neck pain had a mild degree of disability and mild depression. A strong positive correlation was found between the degree of disability and depression in students with neck pain

Association of obesity and thyroid cancer at a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan

Objective: Thyroid cancer (TC) is one of the most common endocrine malignancies with a rapidly increasing worldwide presence. In Pakistan, it is more prevalent in females than males and has an incidence rate of 2.1%. Obesity and excess body mass index (BMI) has been linked to several cancers and is thought to be a risk factor for TC. We aim to investigate the incidence of TC in our population and understand it\u27s correlation with obesity. Subjects: The study was a retrospective case series conducted in the years 2000 to 2014, at the Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, Pakistan where 156 patients who had been diagnosed and treated for TC were analyzed. Clinicopathological data was collected from medical records of these patients and weight and height were measured, pre-surgery, post-surgery, and at follow up. The BMI was correlated with patient variables for any significant associations. Results: The patient set comprised of 38.5% males and 61.5% females with a mean age of 47.77 (SD ± 14.35). The BMI was significantly associated with age as 72.8% of participants were obese and \u3e45 years old as compared to 27.2% who were under 45 years and obese (p-value0.999). Conclusion: The majority of-of TC patients among the Pakistani population were obese and female. Age was significantly associated with the risk of having a higher BMI. Moreover, differences in BMI pre and post-surgery could not be statistically proven

KINERJA DAYA SAING EKSPOR CRUDE COCONUT OIL INDONESIA DAN PESAING UTAMA DI PASAR INTERNASIONAL

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keunggulan komparatif dan Kompetitif Crude Coconut Oil Indonesia dan negara pesaing utama dalam kurun waktu tahun 2004 hingga 2021 dan menghitung kontribusi Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah terhadap total ekspor CCO Indonesia. Data bersumber dari website resmi Badan Pusat Statistik, UNComtrade, International Trade Center dan Kementerian Pertanian. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Revealed Comparatif Advantage (RCA), Acceleration Ratio (AR), Export Product Dynamic (EPD) dan Indeks Spesialisasi Perdagangan (ISP). Hasil analisis RCA dan AR untuk mencari tahu keunggulan komparatif menunjukan Crude Coconut Oil Indonesia. Indonesia mempunyai daya saing secara komparatif dengan nilai rata-rata RCA sebesar 33,23 dan 0,9998. Hasil analisis EPD dan ISP untuk mencari tahu keunggulan kompetitif menunjukan Crude Coconut Oil Indonesia mampu bersaing dengan negara lain dibuktikan dengan posisi Indonesia yang berada pada kuadran Rising Star dan nilai ISP 0,94. Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah dalam total ekspor CCO Indonesia tidak terlalu berkontribusi secara signifikan, provinsi Sulawesi Tengah hanya berkontribusi sebesar 4% dalam 5 tahun terkahir.

Referral pattern and outcomes of neonates from secondary care setting of Aga Khan University hospital to tertiary care centers in Pakistan

Objective: To determine the reasons of neonatal referrals from secondary-care to tertiary-care setting, and to assess neonatal outcomes for the referred cases.Methods: The retrospective study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised data from July 2015 to June 2019 Related to all neonates born after 32 weeks of gestation at the satellite secondary-care centres in Kharadar, Garden and Karimabad who had been referred to the main tertiary care hospital. The reason for referral, need of mechanical ventilation, referral place and neonatal outcome were noted. Data was analysed using SPSS 22.Results: Of the 348 cases, 211(60.6%) were boys. The overall mean gestational age was 36.42±2.61 weeks and the mean birth weight was 2.54±0.67 kg. The outcome was neonatal mortality in 42(12%) cases. Of the remaining 306(88%) cases, 284(92.81%) were discharged from the hospital and 22(7.18%) left against medical advice. Overall, mechanical ventilation was needed in 63(18.1%) patients. There was a significant association of mechanical ventilation with low Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, and Respiration score at 1 and 5 minutes (pConclusions: The most common reasons for referral of newborns to tertiary care hospital were respiratory diseases requiring respiratory support and surgical intervention

In silico elucidation of potential drug target sites of the Thumb Index Fold Protein, Wnt-8b

Purpose: The involvement of Wnt-8b in Wnt signaling pathway leads to various  cancers. The purpose of this study was to determine the therapeutic compounds from the available library by targeting Wnt-8b using molecular docking analyses.Methods: Threading and comparative modeling approaches were employed to predict the 3D structure of Wnt-8b. Sixty-eight models were evaluated using molprobity, ERRAT and rampage evaluation tools and the model having 82.456 % overall quality value was selected for further analyses. The acyl group was added to the suitable model to satisfy the hydrophobic nature of the Wnt-8b. Literature-derivedcompounds were selected for comparative molecular docking studies using GOLD, AutoDock and AutoDock Vina. Furthermore, docked complexes were analyzed and visualized using Chimera and Ligplot.Results: The compound ZINC04029462 exhibited high binding potential with Wnt-8b and palmitoleic acid and was found common among top 20 compounds of each tool. His-183, Val-185, Ser-186, Gly-187, Ser-188 and Thr-190 residues commonly interacted with compounds and palmitoleic acid and considered as potential interacting residues.Conclusion: Common interacting residues from top 20 compounds of each tool suggest that these compounds may be utilized to inhibit aberrant expression of Wnt-8b. The common inhibitor ZINC04029462 may act as a lead compound for further drug designing against Wnt family.Keywords: Wnt-8b, Cancer, Homology modeling, Molecular docking, AutoDoc

Role of microRNAs in non-functioning pituitary adenoma

Non-functioning pituitary adenomas account for 30% of anterior pituitary tumours. Based on their inability to secrete hormones, these are often diagnosed incidentally or due to pressure symptoms. Understanding the pathogenesis of these adenomas can provide insight into factors leading to its progression and serving as biomarkers for early recognition. A literature search was performed in the current narrative review for articles published in PubMed for the last 10 years till January 2020 on micro-ribonucleic acid involved in the pathogenesis of non-functioning pituitary adenomas. Of the 478 articles found, 21(4.4%) were filtered. In total, 106 micro-ribonucleic acids were identified, 25(23.5%) of which appeared in more than one study. Among them, 7(28%)were up-regulated, 11(44%) down-regulated, and 7(28%) were either up- or down-regulated. Micro- ribonucleic acids allow the screening, diagnosis and treatment of diseases in a relatively easy and inexpensive manner. This can revolutionise tumour management in the years ahead, especially in resource-constrained low- and middle-income countries

Traffic Congestion Prediction using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks: A Color-coding Approach

The traffic video data has become a critical factor in confining the state of traffic congestion due to the recent advancements in computer vision. This work proposes a unique technique for traffic video classification using a color-coding scheme before training the traffic data in a Deep convolutional neural network. At first, the video data is transformed into an imagery data set; then, the vehicle detection is performed using the You Only Look Once algorithm. A color-coded scheme has been adopted to transform the imagery dataset into a binary image dataset. These binary images are fed to a Deep Convolutional Neural Network. Using the UCSD dataset, we have obtained a classification accuracy of 98.2%

Effectiveness of transcutaneous bilirubin measurement in high-risk neonates and to evaluate validity of transcutaneous bilirubin with total serum bilirubin levels in both low and high-risk neonates at a tertiary care center in a developing country

Objectives: To evaluate the usefulness of transcutaneous bilirubin (TcBR) nomogram in high-risk neonates and to identify the validity of TcBR and total serum bilirubin (TsBR) in both low and high-risk neonates to guide management in under-resourced settings.Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted at the well-baby nursery of a tertiary care center in Karachi, Pakistan. All neonates admitted in the well-baby nursery with jaundice were stratified into high and low-risk groups. Eighty-seven neonates were included in the low-risk group and 121 neonates in the high-risk group. The usefulness of the TcBR nomogram in high-risk neonates and the validity of TcBR and TsBR in both low and high-risk neonates were determined through sensitivity and specificity analysis.Results: The correlation coefficients (r) were found to be comparable in the high-risk group (r = 0.82, p \u3c 0.001) and the low-risk group (r = 0.87, p \u3c 0.001). The specificity of cutaneous bilirubin measurement based on bilirubin levels in the high-risk group was higher (93.0%) than that of the low-risk group (90.1%). However, the sensitivity was found to be lower (60.0%) in the high-risk group compared to the low-risk group (68.8%). The mean value of TsBR was equal in both groups. The mean TcBR in the high-risk group was 10 ± 2.3 compared to 11 ± 2.1 in the low-risk group. Phototherapy was given in 67.0% of the high-risk cases and 41.4% of the low-risk cases. Bland Altman analysis was also performed to depict the relationship between TcBR and TsBR measurements.Conclusion: The TcBR nomogram was effective in high-risk neonates and also had validity in both high and low-risk neonates. A phototherapy-driven protocol based on TcBR would be a cost-effective and useful tool in the identification and management of neonatal jaundice in both high and low-risk groups in developing countries like Pakistan

New data on amphibians (Amphibia) and reptiles (Reptilia) in Natural monument“Tajan” (BiH)

U ovom radu autori prezentuju nalaze faune vodozemaca i gmizavaca Spomenika prirode „Tajan“ i njegovog šireg područja koji su prikupljeni prilikom Trećeg međunarodnog biološkog kampa „Tajan 2013“. Pored vlastitih istraživanja, dodani su i postojeći literaturni podaci o koji su vezani za herpetofaunu Spomenika prirode „Tajan“, kao i fotodokumentacija koja je ustupljena ljubaznošću od strane društva SNIK „Atom“. Ovo istraživanje potvrđuje da najmanje deset vrsta vodozemaca i jedanaest vrsta gmizavaca živi na širem području Spomenika prirode „Tajan“. U ovom radu se također navodi i prvi nalaz obrambenog ponašanja (unken refleks) kod vrste Rana graeca.In this paper authors present findings of amphibians and reptiles in wider area of Natural monument “Tajan” during the Third international biology camp \u27\u27Tajan 2013\u27\u27. Besides personal studies, authors include available data related to herpetofauna in Tajan and some foto documentation from association SNIK “Atom”. This study confirmed that at least ten species of amphibians and eleven species of reptiles lives in wider area of Natural monument “Tajan”. This paper also gives the first record of defensive behaviour (unken reflex) in species Rana graeca