Receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis of CT-proET1, MRproADM, the CT-proET1/MR-proADM ratio and the APACHE II score with respect to outcome prediction of critically ill patients

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) plots are graphical plots illustrating the sensitivity (-axis) and the specificity ( -axis) for all cut-off points of a diagnostic or prognostic test. The overall performance and a summary measure of the diagnostic accuracy of a test can be expressed as the area under the ROC curve (AUC). Note that an AUCof 0.50 means that the diagnostic accuracy in question is equivalent to that which would be obtained by flipping a coin (i.e., random chance). () Data of all patients ( = 95) with SIRS and sepsis on admission to the ICU. Sensitivity was calculated with nonsurvivors ( = 21), specificity with survivors ( = 74) during their hospital stay. () Data of patients with sepsis (including septic shock) in need for blood pressure support with vasoactiva ( = 30) on admission to the ICU. Sensitivity was calculated with nonsurvivors ( = 9), specificity with survivors ( = 21) during their hospital stay.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Circulating Precursor Levels of Endothelin-1 and Adrenomedullin, Two Endothelium-Derived, Counteracting Substances, in Sepsis"</p><p></p><p>Endothelium 2007;14(6):345-351.</p><p>Published online 13 Dec 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2430170.</p><p></p

CT-proET-1 and MR-proADM values in all patients according to the severity of disease

Patients' data on admission to the ICU were grouped according to the severity of the disease following consensus criteria in groups with “SIRS, but no sepsis,” “sepsis,” and “septic shock.” Squares denote median values and whiskers indicate 25th and 75th percentiles.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Circulating Precursor Levels of Endothelin-1 and Adrenomedullin, Two Endothelium-Derived, Counteracting Substances, in Sepsis"</p><p></p><p>Endothelium 2007;14(6):345-351.</p><p>Published online 13 Dec 2007</p><p>PMCID:PMC2430170.</p><p></p

Recruitment of participants.

<p>Recruitment of participants.</p

Copeptin and Hypoglycaemia Awareness.

<p>The increase of copeptin levels in patients with type 1 diabetes during hypoglycaemia depends on hypoglycaemia awareness. Patients more aware of hypoglycaemia (2a) had a significant increase in copeptin levels in contrast to patients with poor hypoglycaemia awareness (2b). Continuous variables are presented as mean (±standard deviation). Within group comparisons were analysed using paired t-test. Data were analysed using statistical software (Statistical Package for Social Sciences, IBM SPSS Version 20, Chicago IL).</p

OR to predict infections associated with nearest predictor measurements adjusted for age, NIHSS and CI as well as supra- or infratentorial infarct localization.

<p>PCT: procalcitonin; CRP: C-reactive protein; WBC: white blood cells; Mcyt: monocytes.</p

Comparison of AUCs for developing infection between the predictors WBC, Mcyt, CRP and Copeptin.

<p>PCT: procalcitonin; CRP: C-reactive protein; WBC: white blood cells; Mcyt: monocytes.</p

Baseline Data.

<p>UTI: urinary tract infection; CRP: C-reactive protein; WBC: white blood cells; NIHSS: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; BP: blood pressure; IQR: interquartile range (log transformed), AH: arterial hypertension; PAD: peripheral artery disease; CHD: coronary heart disease; Hyperchol: Hypercholestrolemia.</p

Odds ratios/AUC to predict infections associated with nearest predictor measurements*.

<p>OR referred to an increment to predict values from the 1^st to the 3^th interquartile range (IQR). IQRs for the parameters are given in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0048309#pone-0048309-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>.</p><p>PCT: procalcitonin; CRP: C-reactive protein; WBC: white blood cells; Mcyt: monocytes performed 1 or 2 days prior to the onset of infection.</p

Comparison of batches with best predictors of specific type of infection alone.

<p>WBC: white blood cells; CRP: C-reactive protein; PCT: procalcitonin. AUC: Area under the curve to predict infection using the combined model of all predictors.g.</p>*<p>adjusted for all predictors in the respective model.</p>**<p>Wald-p: refers to the comparison of the combined model with the model of the strongest predictor, alone which always was WBC.</p

OR/AUC to predict infections (measurements on admission (day 0)).

<p>OR referred to an increment to predict values from the 1^st to the 3^th interquartile range (IQR). IQRs for the parameters are given in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0048309#pone-0048309-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a>.</p><p>PCT: procalcitonin; CRP: C-reactive protein; WBC: white blood cells; Mcyt: monocytes.</p