Socio-demographic inequalities in satisfaction with primary health care and utilization of chosen doctors’ services: a cross-sectional study

Aim: The aim of the study was to examine socio-demographic inequalities in user satisfaction with PHC and utilization of chosen doctors’ services. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 among 232 respondents who participated in PHC user satisfaction survey in PHC center Valjevo, Serbia. Inclusion criteria were an age of at least 20 years, sufficient skills of Serbian language to fill in questionnaires and consent to participation. Two hundreds and six patients completed an anonymous questionnaire about the user satisfaction with PHC. Results: The chosen doctor was seven times more often visited by the elderly (OR=7.03) and almost three times more often by the middle-aged (OR=2.66) compared to the youngest category of respondents. Those with low education and poor financial status of the household visited a doctor four (OR=4.14) and almost nine times (OR=8.66) more often, respectively, compared to those with high education and good socioeconomic status. A statistically significant higher level of PHC satisfaction was recorded in the rural population (p<0.001) and among respondents with poor socioeconomic status of the household (p=0.014). Conclusion: The chosen doctor was more frequently visited by respondents with low education and those with poor socioeconomic status of the household, while a higher degree of satisfaction with PHC was recorded in the rural population as well as in those with poor socioeconomic status of the household.   Conflicts of interest: None declared. &nbsp

Socio-demographic inequalities in satisfaction with primary health care and utilization of chosen doctors’ services: a cross-sectional study

Aim: The aim of the study was to examine socio-demographic inequalities in user satisfaction with PHC and utilization of chosen doctors’ services. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2016 among 232 respondents who participated in PHC user satisfaction survey in PHC center Valjevo, Serbia. Inclusion criteria were an age of at least 20 years, sufficient skills of Serbian language to fill in questionnaires and consent to participation. Two hundreds and six patients completed an anonymous questionnaire about the user satisfaction with PHC. Results: The chosen doctor was seven times more often visited by the elderly (OR=7.03) and almost three times more often by the middle-aged (OR=2.66) compared to the youngest category of respondents. Those with low education and poor financial status of the household visited a doctor four (OR=4.14) and almost nine times (OR=8.66) more often, respectively, compared to those with high education and good socioeconomic status. A statistically significant higher level of PHC satisfaction was recorded in the rural population (p<0.001) and among respondents with poor socioeconomic status of the household (p=0.014). Conclusion: The chosen doctor was more frequently visited by respondents with low education and those with poor socioeconomic status of the household, while a higher degree of satisfaction with PHC was recorded in the rural population as well as in those with poor socioeconomic status of the household. &nbsp

Two States in the Holy Land?: International Recognition and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

How do states decide to extend or withhold international recognition in cases of contested sovereignty? We focus on how religion shapes the incentives of states in making this decision, both at the domestic level through religious institutions and at the international level through religious affinities. States with transnational religious ties to the contested territory are more likely to extend recognition. At the domestic level, states that heavily regulate religion are less likely to extend international recognition. We test these conjectures, and examine others in the literature, with two new data sets on the international recognition of both Palestine and Israel and voting on the United Nations resolution to admit Palestine as a non-member state observer, combined with global data on religious regulation and religious affinities. In cases of contested sovereignty, the results provide support for these two mechanisms through which religion shapes foreign policy decisions about international recognition

Regime Type, International Migration, And The Politics Of Dual Citizenship Toleration

Why do some countries tolerate dual citizenship while others do not? The answer concerns the interaction between regime type variation and international migration. Democracies with a relatively large migrant stock are more likely to tolerate dual citizenship than democracies with a low migrant stock. Meanwhile, democracies with relatively high emigration rates for the highly educated population are more likely to tolerate dual citizenship than democracies with low emigration rates of the highly educated. In authoritarian states, the opposite is the case: emigration of the highly educated and immigration both reduce the likelihood of dual citizenship toleration. These claims are supported by the evidence from a large n examination of contemporary cross-national data. Understanding dual citizenship helps us address larger questions about the significance of democracy and the nature and scope of nation states

Crime Prevention and the Youth Community Project in Greater Vancouver: A Practicum Review Analysis of a Post-adjudication Intervention Program

The Youth Community Project (YCP) is an initiative undertaken by the John Howard Society of the Lower Mainland in British Columbia. This program targets high-risk youth and attempts to prevent recidivism through intervention methods emerging out of evidence-based practice. This paper provides an overview of successful crime prevention initiatives targeting young offenders in Canada, demonstrating the theoretical underpinnings of a social development approach. Through a focus on post-adjudication interventions, an examination of evidence-based practices reveals the potential of programs aligning with the principles of the risk-need-responsivity (RNR) model of offender rehabilitation, particularly those following an integrated service delivery model. As a recognized alternative and/or supplement to custodial supervision, YCP is a promising approach to the reduction of recidivism among juvenile offenders in the greater Vancouver region. Adherence to RNR principles and adoption of evidence-based practices will contribute to its success in the field of post-adjudication intervention

Conclusion

This chapter analyzes the key cross-national trends in domestic foreign policy debates in rising and aspiring powers in Asia and Eurasia. It explores the likely implications of those trends for international relations in the region and for United States foreign policy. It shows three key patterns: the cross-national similarity of the spectrum of relevant foreign policy schools; the tendency of the center of gravity within that spectrum to be located on its Realist and/or Nationalist side; and the cross-national trend away from Idealism toward Realism and/or Nationalism in general and, in some cases, toward their relatively pragmatic variants in particular. The chapter describes the key arguments of each school of thought; addresses the nature of their influence and how they relate to one another; and identifies, based on the country chapters in this volume, their key proponents in the countries studied

Conclusion: Realists, Nationalists, And Globalists And The Nature Of Contemporary Rising Powers

This chapter analyzes the key cross-national trends in domestic foreign policy debates in rising and aspiring powers in Asia and Eurasia. It explores the likely implications of those trends for international relations in the region and for United States foreign policy. It shows three key patterns: the cross-national similarity of the spectrum of relevant foreign policy schools; the tendency of the center of gravity within that spectrum to be located on its Realist and/or Nationalist side; and the cross-national trend away from Idealism toward Realism and/or Nationalism in general and, in some cases, toward their relatively pragmatic variants in particular. The chapter describes the key arguments of each school of thought; addresses the nature of their influence and how they relate to one another; and identifies, based on the country chapters in this volume, their key proponents in the countries studied

Two States In The Holy Land?: International Recognition And The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict

How do states decide to extend or withhold international recognition in cases of contested sovereignty? We focus on how religion shapes the incentives of states in making this decision, both at the domestic level through religious institutions and at the international level through religious affinities. States with transnational religious ties to the contested territory are more likely to extend recognition. At the domestic level, states that heavily regulate religion are less likely to extend international recognition. We test these conjectures, and examine others in the literature, with two new data sets on the international recognition of both Palestine and Israel and voting on the United Nations resolution to admit Palestine as a non-member state observer, combined with global data on religious regulation and religious affinities. In cases of contested sovereignty, the results provide support for these two mechanisms through which religion shapes foreign policy decisions about international recognition