Stiftungen in Christentum, Judentum und Islam vor der Moderne

Stiftungen sind ein Phänomen der Universalgeschichte. In der jüngeren deutschen Mediävistik wird anstelle des früher gebräuchlichen, oft anachronistischen und historisch zu wenig flexiblen juristischen mit einem sozial- und kulturwissenschaftlichen Deutungsansatz gearbeitet. Auf der Berliner Tagung vom Juni 2003 wurde der Versuch gemacht zu überprüfen, ob und inwiefern diese Charakteristik der Stiftung, die auf Studien vornehmlich zum "abendländischen" (lateinischen) Stiftungswesen beruht, auch auf andere Kulturen anwendbar ist

Taxation des corporations professionnelles d'Alger à l'époque turque

Hoexter Miriam. Taxation des corporations professionnelles d'Alger à l'époque turque. In: Revue de l'Occident musulman et de la Méditerranée, n°36, 1983. pp. 19-39

Endowments, rulers and community : Waqf Al-H?aramayn in Ottoman Algiers

Author: Miriam HoexterThis study depicts the history of the waqf endowments in Algiers dedicated to the poor of Mecca and Medina over the last 170 years of Ottoman rule. It is one of the first studies of a major public foundation based on its own registers. Its main themes are: the foundation's growth, its benefactors, the evolution of its patrimony, its administration, managerial policies and functions in the town. The author discusses the history of the foundation within two contexts - that of the Islamic endowment institution and that of the history of Algiers - and offers new insights into the interaction between the law and socio-economic circumstances, the dialogue between the local community and its rulers and the role of the foundation as a major factor in the shaping of the Algerian public sphere.Biographical Note:Miriam Hoexter, Ph.D. (1979), the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, is Senior Lecturer at the Department of Islamic and Middle Eastern Studies at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. She is the author of articles on the social history of Ottoman and colonial Algeria, Ottoman Palestine, and the Islamic endowment institution.viii, 188 p. ; 24 c

Wills, deeds, acts: women's civic gift-giving in Ottoman Istanbul

The waqf (plural awqaf) is the Islamic pious endowment founded for charitable purposes. The Ottoman waqf, especially between the fifteenth and eighteenth centuries, became a gift-giving practice of solidarity in which women played an active role in founding and maintaining endowments as benefactors. These endowments served almost exclusively civic public services. While there has been considerable research on women and waqf, by moving beyond interpreting the ostensible motives that are always intertwined with women’s role as ‘family caretakers’ or ‘devout Muslims’, we attempt to suggest that, interpreted as acts of piety, awqaf, and especially those that were founded as organized spaces known as külliyes, became institutions by which women were able to cultivate (in themselves and others) civic identities, and articulate civic solidarities as citizens of their cities. This image of women as civic gift-givers recasts them as active citizens of Ottoman cities, especially Istanbul