Anti-CHIKV IgG/IgM and anti-MAYV IgG in Panel Samples According to Sociodemographic Characteristics.

Anti-CHIKV IgG/IgM and anti-MAYV IgG in Panel Samples According to Sociodemographic Characteristics.</p

Anti-CHIKV IgG by ELISA Seroprevalence in the Population Study between 2015 and 2019 According to Age and Sex.

Anti-CHIKV IgG by ELISA Seroprevalence in the Population Study between 2015 and 2019 According to Age and Sex.</p

Chikungunya-confirmed cases in São José do Rio Preto (SJRP), SP, between 2015 and 2019, according with epidemiological bulletins.

Chikungunya-confirmed cases in São José do Rio Preto (SJRP), SP, between 2015 and 2019, according with epidemiological bulletins.</p

Results of seropositivity to CHIKV antibodies, according with anti-CHIKV IgG by ELISA assay and neutralizing antibody titers (PRNT₈₀) for the participant paired samples from Vila Toninho during the study (FB = Baseline 2015/2016, A01 = Follow-up 2016/2017, A02 = Follow-up 2017/2018 and A03 = Follow-up 2018/2019).

Results of seropositivity to CHIKV antibodies, according with anti-CHIKV IgG by ELISA assay and neutralizing antibody titers (PRNT80) for the participant paired samples from Vila Toninho during the study (FB = Baseline 2015/2016, A01 = Follow-up 2016/2017, A02 = Follow-up 2017/2018 and A03 = Follow-up 2018/2019).</p

Spatial distribution of <i>A</i>. <i>albopictus</i> mosquitoes positive for CHIKV according to qRT–PCR in Vila Toninho, <i>SJdRP-SP</i>.

Spatial distribution of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquitoes positive for CHIKV as detected by qRT–PCR (Ae. aegypti female and Aedes albopictus (purple), Ae. aegypti male (blue), Ae. aegypti female (yellow) and Ae. albopictus female (pink)) in this study, Vila Toninho, SJdRP-SP. Shapefile downloaded from https://portaldemapas.ibge.gov.br/portal.php#homepage.</p

Sociodemographic variables of the population study between 2015 and 2019.

Sociodemographic variables of the population study between 2015 and 2019.</p

Primers used in the sequencing of the structural genes (E1/6k/E2) of CHIKV.

Primers used in the sequencing of the structural genes (E1/6k/E2) of CHIKV.</p

Spatial Distribution of Samples from Population Study According to Anti-CHIKV IgG and PRNT Assays.

Thematic map showing the spatial distribution of positive (orange) and borderline positive (dark blue) serological results, according to anti-CHIKV IgG ELISA (A), and positive (red) or negative (blue) seroconversion samples from the population study, according to PRNT assays (B). Shapefile downloaded from https://portaldemapas.ibge.gov.br/portal.php#homepage.</p

Maximum likelihood tree of chikungunya virus based on partial envelope gene sequence.

Phylogenetic tree reconstructed using the Maximum-likelihood method with TIM2e+4 as nucleotide substitution model, using Ultrafast Bootstrap (UFBoot) combined with SH-like Approximate Likelihood-ratio test (SH-aLRT). The analysis involved 172 nucleotide (nt) sequences (1,885 nt). Branch lengths are drawn to a scale of nucleotide substitutions per site according to the scale. The analysis was conducted in IQ-TREE v. 2.0.3, and the final tree was visualized and edited in iTOL v. 6.6. The sequence from this study (1362|Brazil|2020) is highlighted in purple within the East/Central/South African genotype clade.</p

The Total Number of Aedes Species Pools Collected per Year of the Study (2015–2019).

The Total Number of Aedes Species Pools Collected per Year of the Study (2015–2019).</p