Induction et caracterisation de la reponse des cellules T de souris contre les anticorps de classe II du CMH purifies, en situations xenogenique, allogenique et syngenique

SIGLECNRS T Bordereau / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

Rôle de la voie Wnt/beta-caténine dans l'homéostasie immunitaire hépatique

PARIS7-Bibliothèque centrale (751132105) / SudocSudocFranceF

EVALUATION D'IMMUNOTHERAPIES DANS UN MODELE DE TUMEUR HEPATIQUE SPONTANEE ET PROGRESSIVE

PARIS7-Bibliothèque centrale (751132105) / SudocSudocFranceF

Galectin-7 in Epithelial Homeostasis and Carcinomas

Galectins are small unglycosylated soluble lectins distributed both inside and outside the cells. They share a conserved domain for the recognition of carbohydrates (CRD). Although galectins have a common affinity for β-galatosides, they exhibit different binding preferences for complex glycans. First described twenty years ago, galectin-7 is a prototypic galectin, with a single CRD, able to form divalent homodimers. This lectin, which is mainly expressed in stratified epithelia, has been described in epithelial tissues as being involved in apoptotic responses, in proliferation and differentiation but also in cell adhesion and migration. Most members of the galectins family have been associated with cancer biology. One of the main functions of galectins in cancer is their immunomodulating potential and anti-angiogenic activity. Indeed, galectin-1 and -3, are already targeted in clinical trials. Another relevant function of galectins in tumour progression is their ability to regulate cell migration and cell adhesion. Among these galectins, galectin-7 is abnormally expressed in various cancers, most prominently in carcinomas, and is involved in cancer progression and metastasis but its precise functions in tumour biology remain poorly understood. In this issue, we will focus on the physiological functions of galectin-7 in epithelia and present the alterations of galectin-7 expression in carcinomas with the aim to describe its possible functions in tumour progression

Les galectines

Les galectines forment une famille de lectines animales solubles caractérisées par leur domaine de liaison aux sucres, conservé au cours de l’évolution, et leur affinité pour des glycoconjugués contenant des β-galactosides. Chaque galectine présente un profil d’expression spatio-temporelle, des ligands et des partenaires spécifiques. Ces lectines sont localisées en intra ou extracellulaire et modulent divers processus cellulaires, dont l’adhérence intercellulaire ou avec la matrice extracellulaire, l’organisation de domaines membranaires, la signalisation cellulaire, le trafic intracellulaire, l’apoptose et la régulation du cycle cellulaire. Les souris ayant une mutation nulle pour les galectines 1, 3 ou 7 sont viables, mais présentent des défauts multiples en condition de stress. La participation des galectines à ces multiples processus les désignent comme des cibles thérapeutiques de choix, en particulier dans les cancers et les maladies inflammatoires

The Parkinsonism-associated protein DJ-1/Park7 prevents glycation damage in human keratinocyte

International audienc

Link between the EZH2 noncanonical pathway and microtubule organization center polarization during early T lymphopoiesis

International audienceAbstract EZH2 plays an essential role at the β-selection checkpoint of T lymphopoiesis by regulating histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) via its canonical mode of action. Increasing data suggest that EZH2 could also regulate other cellular functions, such as cytoskeletal reorganization, via its noncanonical pathway. Consequently, we investigated whether the EZH2 noncanonical pathway could be involved in early T-cell maturation, which requires cell polarization. We observed that EZH2 localization is tightly regulated during the early stages of T-cell development and that EZH2 relocalizes in the nucleus of double-negative thymocytes enduring TCRβ recombination and β-selection processes. Furthermore, we observed that EZH2 and EED, but not Suz12, colocalize with the microtubule organization center (MTOC), which might prevent its inappropriate polarization in double negative cells. In accordance with these results, we evidenced the existence of direct or indirect interaction between EED and α-tubulin. Taken together, these results suggest that the EZH2 noncanonical pathway, in association with EED, is involved in the early stages of T-cell maturation