6 research outputs found
Cooling Fermions in an Optical Lattice by Adiabatic Demagnetization
The Fermi-Hubbard model describes ultracold fermions in an optical lattice
and exhibits antiferromagnetic long-ranged order below the N\'{e}el
temperature. However, reaching this temperature in the lab has remained an
elusive goal. In other atomic systems, such as trapped ions, low temperatures
have been successfully obtained by adiabatic demagnetization, in which a strong
effective magnetic field is applied to a spin-polarized system, and the
magnetic field is adiabatically reduced to zero. Unfortunately, applying this
approach to the Fermi-Hubbard model encounters a fundamental obstacle: the
symmetry introduces many level crossings that prevent the system from
reaching the ground state, even in principle. However, by breaking the
symmetry with a spin-dependent tunneling, we show that adiabatic
demagnetization can achieve low temperature states. Using density matrix
renormalization group (DMRG) calculations in one dimension, we numerically find
that demagnetization protocols successfully reach low temperature states of a
spin-anisotropic Hubbard model, and we discuss how to optimize this protocol
for experimental viability. By subsequently ramping spin-dependent tunnelings
to spin-independent tunnelings, we expect that our protocol can be employed to
produce low-temperature states of the Fermi-Hubbard Model.Comment: References adde
Scalar dark matter vortex stabilization with black holes
Galaxies and their dark-matter halos are commonly presupposed to spin. But it
is an open question how this spin manifests in halos and soliton cores made of
scalar dark matter (SDM, including fuzzy/wave/ultralight-axion dark matter).
One way spin could manifest in a necessarily irrotational SDM velocity field is
with a vortex. But recent results have cast doubt on this scenario, finding
that vortices are generally unstable except with substantial repulsive
self-interaction. In this paper, we introduce an alternative route to
stability: in both (non-relativistic) analytic calculations and simulations, a
black hole or other central mass at least as massive as a soliton can stabilize
a vortex within it. This conclusion may also apply to AU-scale halos bound to
the sun and stellar-mass-scale Bose stars.Comment: Accepted by JCAP. 22 pages, 5 figures. Supplementary animations at
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7675830 or
https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLHrf0iQS5SY7Xt2sjqskF3kmHd00Hrdf
Supplementary animations for "Scalar dark matter vortex stabilization with black holes"
<p>Supplementary animations for <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2301.13220">Scalar dark matter vortex stabilization with black holes</a>, <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2301.13220">arxiv:2301.13220, </a><a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2023/07/004">https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2023/07/004</a></p>