LACTATE CONCENTRATION IN GRECO-ROMAN WRESTLERS BEFORE AND AFTER FINAL MATCHES

The aim of the study was to determine and compare blood lactate levels by the round in which the senior wrestler ended the match in an official national Greco-roman wrestling competition.Materials and method: Study was conducted on 20 male wrestlers, finalists of national competition of Serbia. They were divided into three groups according to the round in which the athlete won the match; G1=8, G2=6 and G3=6. Lactate assessment was provided at two points; after warm-up, and three minutes after final match ended. The two-way ANOVA and Fisher’s LSD statistic were used in order to compare differences between the 3 groups (wrestling who won after the first, second or third round). The level of statistical significant was set at 0.05Results of lactate values reported between the 3 groups of wrestlers after the warm-up was similar, whereas, after the match, wrestlers who won after the third round showed significantly higher lactate levels compared to athletes who won after the first (7,45 mmol/L; p<0,001) or second round (4,48 mmol/L; p=0,014). Lactates values of wrestlers that won after the first or second round were close to significance (2,97 mmol/L; p=0,06).Conclusion wrestlers that won their match after the third round accumulated higher lactate levels compared to those who won after the first or second round, indicating that these athletes seem to be trained to work at high intensity

Somatotype Profiles of Montenegrin Karatekas: An Observational Study

Competitive karate activity involves numerous factors affecting performance in sport. Physical structure and somatotype is considered to be one of them. This study aimed to determine whether there are differences between karate athletes in five male and five female official weight categories in different anthropometric measurements and to determine the somatotype profiles of athletes divided by weight categories. This study consisted of a total of 27 male karate athletes (21.88 &plusmn; 4.66 years) and 24 female karate athletes (20.29 &plusmn; 3.14 years). Measurements were taken in April 2020. Athletes are classified into official weight categories according to World Karate Federation rules. Somatotypes were calculated using anthropometry. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey&rsquo;s post hoc tests were used for statistical analysis to compare group differences regarding weight categories. Anthropometric parameters were highest in the heaviest categories compared to lighter categories. All male subjects were endomorphic mesomorph, except for category &lt;84 kg, which was endomorphic ectomorphs. Somatotype analysis of male categories found a difference between the &lt;75 kg and &lt;84 kg in endomorphy. In mesomorphy, there is no difference between categories. Perceiving ectomorphy, there is a significant difference between the first category and the &gt;84 kg. Profiling female athletes, three different types of somatotypes were obtained concerning the weight category. The lightest weight category was predominantly endomorphic ectomorphs, and two weight categories were ectomorphic endomorphs (&lt;61 kg and &lt;68 kg), and the other two weight categories were endomorphic mesomorphs (&lt;55 kg and &gt;68 kg). Somatotype differences in the female karate athletes were observed only in the ectomorphy components, between &lt;50 kg and &lt;61 kg. The present study points to how the somatotypes profiles of karate athletes differ between weight categories

The righting reflex from a supine to a prone position in the guinea pig fetus

The aim of this study was to examine the righting reflex from a supine to a prone position in the albino guinea pig fetus. Ultrasound examinations of one-fetus gestations were performed in the period from the 31st to the 66th day of gestation. The experimental and control group each encompassed 6 fetuses. Fetuses were brought into supine positions relative to the gravity vector by manipulating the pregnant females into the appropriate positions. The control group received 15 mg/kg of diazepam intraperitoneally before the examination to show whether changes in fetal position occurred as the result of passive rotation. In the experimental group, each fetus was examined every other day (summary results: absent 69 times, prone position 10 times, lateral position 29 times). In the control group, each fetus was examined every five days (summary results: absent 42 times). The absence of the righting reflex in the control group was statistically significant (chi(2) = 18.66, df = 1, p = 0.000, p < 0.05). The experimental group fetuses assumed a prone position more frequently in the period from the 51st to the 66th day of gestation than in the period from the 31st to the 50th day of gestation (chi(2) = 4.17, df = 1, p = 0.0412, p < 0.05), suggesting maturation of the righting reflex.Serbian Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection [143021/2006

The righting reflex from a supine to a prone position in the guinea pig fetus

The aim of this study was to examine the righting reflex from a supine to a prone position in the albino guinea pig fetus. Ultrasound examinations of one-fetus gestations were performed in the period from the 31st to the 66th day of gestation. The experimental and control group each encompassed 6 fetuses. Fetuses were brought into supine positions relative to the gravity vector by manipulating the pregnant females into the appropriate positions. The control group received 15 mg/kg of diazepam intraperitoneally before the examination to show whether changes in fetal position occurred as the result of passive rotation. In the experimental group, each fetus was examined every other day (summary results: absent 69 times, prone position 10 times, lateral position 29 times). In the control group, each fetus was examined every five days (summary results: absent 42 times). The absence of the righting reflex in the control group was statistically significant (chi(2) = 18.66, df = 1, p = 0.000, p < 0.05). The experimental group fetuses assumed a prone position more frequently in the period from the 51st to the 66th day of gestation than in the period from the 31st to the 50th day of gestation (chi(2) = 4.17, df = 1, p = 0.0412, p < 0.05), suggesting maturation of the righting reflex.Serbian Ministry of Science and Environmental Protection [143021/2006