5,248 research outputs found

    Classification of small (0,1)(0,1) matrices

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    Denote by AnA_n the set of square (0,1)(0,1) matrices of order nn. The set AnA_n, n≤8n\le8, is partitioned into row/column permutation equivalence classes enabling derivation of various facts by simple counting. For example, the number of regular (0,1)(0,1) matrices of order 8 is 10160459763342013440. Let DnD_n, SnS_n denote the set of absolute determinant values and Smith normal forms of matrices from AnA_n. Denote by ana_n the smallest integer not in DnD_n. The sets D9\mathcal{D}_9 and S9\mathcal{S}_9 are obtained; especially, a9=103a_9=103. The lower bounds for ana_n, 10≤n≤1910\le n\le 19, (exceeding the known lower bound an≥2fn−1a_n\ge 2f_{n-1}, where fnf_n is nnth Fibonacci number) are obtained. Row/permutation equivalence classes of AnA_n correspond to bipartite graphs with nn black and nn white vertices, and so the other applications of the classification are possible.Comment: 45 pages. submitted to LA

    Cofrobenius Coalgebra

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    We investigate left and right co-Frobenius coalgebras and give equivalent characterizations which prove statements dual to the characterizations of Frobenius algebras. We prove that a coalgebra is left and right co-Frobenius if and only if C is isomorphic to Rat(C*) as right C*-modules and also that this is eqhivalent to the fact that the functors Hom_K(-,K) and Hom_{C*}(-,C*) from the category of right C-comodules to the category of all left C*-modules are isomorphic. This allows a definition of a left-right symmetric concept of co-Frobenius coalgebras that is perfectly dual to the one of Frobenius algebras and coincides to the existing notion left and right co-Frobenius coalgebra.Comment: 9 pages, to appear in J. Algebr
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