22 research outputs found
Experimental Verification of a Radio-Frequency Power Model for Wi-Fi Technology
When assessing the power emitted from a Wi-Fi network, it has been observed that these
networks operate at a relatively low duty cycle. In this paper, we extend a recently
introduced model of emitted power in Wi-Fi networks to cover conditions where devices
do not always have packets to transmit. We present experimental results to validate the
original model and its extension by developing approximate, but practical, testbed
measurement techniques. The accuracy of the models is confirmed, with small relativ
Decentralised Learning MACs for Collision-free Access in WLANs
By combining the features of CSMA and TDMA, fully decentralised WLAN MAC
schemes have recently been proposed that converge to collision-free schedules.
In this paper we describe a MAC with optimal long-run throughput that is almost
decentralised. We then design two \changed{schemes} that are practically
realisable, decentralised approximations of this optimal scheme and operate
with different amounts of sensing information. We achieve this by (1)
introducing learning algorithms that can substantially speed up convergence to
collision free operation; (2) developing a decentralised schedule length
adaptation scheme that provides long-run fair (uniform) access to the medium
while maintaining collision-free access for arbitrary numbers of stations
Globally, songs and instrumental melodies are slower, higher, and use more stable pitches than speech: a registered report
Both music and language are found in all known human societies, yet no studies have compared similarities and differences between song, speech, and instrumental music on a global scale. In this Registered Report, we analyzed two global datasets: (i) 300 annotated audio recordings representing matched sets of traditional songs, recited lyrics, conversational speech, and instrumental melodies from our 75 coauthors speaking 55 languages; and (ii) 418 previously published adult-directed song and speech recordings from 209 individuals speaking 16 languages. Of our six preregistered predictions, five were strongly supported: Relative to speech, songs use (i) higher pitch, (ii) slower temporal rate, and (iii) more stable pitches, while both songs and speech used similar (iv) pitch interval size and (v) timbral brightness. Exploratory analyses suggest that features vary along a “musi-linguistic” continuum when including instrumental melodies and recited lyrics. Our study provides strong empirical evidence of cross-cultural regularities in music and speech
Power Evaluation and Performance Enhancement of CSMA/CA based WLANs
Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) based Wireless
Local Area Networks (WLANs) are becoming pervasive. As the most commonly employed
standard in WLANs, IEEE 802.11 not only gives rise to health and safety
concern from the general public, but also has the potential for enhanced performance.
Our contributions in this thesis are twofold: (1) We extend a recently introduced
model of transmitted power in WLANs to cover unsaturated conditions when stations
do not always have packets to send. we implement an experimental verification
of the original analytic model and the extended one. We confirm the estimated maximum
power is substantially lower than the International Commission on Non-Ionizing
Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) limit; (2) We propose two decentralized Multiple Access
Control (MAC) schemes that converge to collision-free schedules almost surely
and therefore improve throughput performance. In adopting decentralized learning
techniques, the convergence times of both schemes are brief. Decentralized schedule
length adaption is introduced to provide long-run fair access to the medium and
scalability of the MAC schemes to networks of any size
Experimental Verification of a Radio-Frequency Power Model for Wi-Fi Technology
When assessing the power emitted from a Wi-Fi network, it has been observed that these
networks operate at a relatively low duty cycle. In this paper, we extend a recently
introduced model of emitted power in Wi-Fi networks to cover conditions where devices
do not always have packets to transmit. We present experimental results to validate the
original model and its extension by developing approximate, but practical, testbed
measurement techniques. The accuracy of the models is confirmed, with small relativ
Experimental Verification of a Radio-Frequency Power Model for Wi-Fi Technology
When assessing the power emitted from a Wi-Fi network, it has been observed that these
networks operate at a relatively low duty cycle. In this paper, we extend a recently
introduced model of emitted power in Wi-Fi networks to cover conditions where devices
do not always have packets to transmit. We present experimental results to validate the
original model and its extension by developing approximate, but practical, testbed
measurement techniques. The accuracy of the models is confirmed, with small relativ
Experimental Verification of a Radio-Frequency Power Model for Wi-Fi Technology
When assessing the power emitted from a Wi-Fi network, it has been observed that these
networks operate at a relatively low duty cycle. In this paper, we extend a recently
introduced model of emitted power in Wi-Fi networks to cover conditions where devices
do not always have packets to transmit. We present experimental results to validate the
original model and its extension by developing approximate, but practical, testbed
measurement techniques. The accuracy of the models is confirmed, with small relativ
Low-firing and temperature stable microwave dielectric ceramics: Ba2LnV3O11 (Ln = Nd, Sm)
Low-firing and temperature stable microwave dielectric ceramics of Ba2LnV3O11 (Ln = Nd, Sm) were prepared by solid-state reaction. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the phase purity, crystal structure, sintering behavior, and microstructure. The XRD patterns indicated that Ba2LnV3O11 (Ln =Nd, Sm) ceramics belong to monoclinic crystal system with P21/c space group in the whole sintering temperature range (800-900 °C). Both ceramics could be well densified at 880 °C for 4 h with relative densities higher than 96%. The Ba2LnV3O11 (Ln =Nd, Sm) samples sintered at 880 °C for 4 h exhibited excellent microwave dielectric properties: εr = 12.05, Q×f = 23,010 GHz, τf = –7.7 ppm/oC, and εr = 12.19, Q×f = 27,120 GHz, τf = –16.2 ppm/oC, respectively. Besides, Ba2LnV3O11 (Ln =Nd, Sm) ceramics could be well co-fired with the silver electrode at 880 °C