116 research outputs found
Understanding everyday experiences of reminiscence for people living with blindness: Practices, tensions and probing new design possibilities
There is growing attention in the HCI community on how technology could be designed to support experiences of reminiscence on past life experiences. Yet, this research has largely overlooked people living with blindness. I present a study that aims to understand everyday experiences of reminiscence for people living with blindness. I conducted a qualitative study with 9 participants living with blindness to understand their personal routines, wishes and desires, and challenges and tensions regarding the experience of reminiscence. Findings are interpreted to discuss new possibilities that offer starting points for future design initiatives and openings for collaboration aimed at creating technology to better support the practices of capturing, sharing, and reflecting on significant memories of the past
How Transitive Are Real-World Group Interactions? -- Measurement and Reproduction
Many real-world interactions (e.g., researcher collaborations and email
communication) occur among multiple entities. These group interactions are
naturally modeled as hypergraphs. In graphs, transitivity is helpful to
understand the connections between node pairs sharing a neighbor, and it has
extensive applications in various domains. Hypergraphs, an extension of graphs,
are designed to represent group relations. However, to the best of our
knowledge, there has been no examination regarding the transitivity of
real-world group interactions. In this work, we investigate the transitivity of
group interactions in real-world hypergraphs. We first suggest intuitive axioms
as necessary characteristics of hypergraph transitivity measures. Then, we
propose a principled hypergraph transitivity measure HyperTrans, which
satisfies all the proposed axioms, with a fast computation algorithm
Fast-HyperTrans. After that, we analyze the transitivity patterns in real-world
hypergraphs distinguished from those in random hypergraphs. Lastly, we propose
a scalable hypergraph generator THera. It reproduces the observed transitivity
patterns by leveraging community structures, which are pervasive in real-world
hypergraphs. Our code and datasets are available at
https://github.com/kswoo97/hypertrans.Comment: To be published in KDD 2023. 12 pages, 7 figures, and 11 table
A Practical Military Ontology Construction for the Intelligent Army Tactical Command Information System
The purpose of this research is to construct a military ontology as the core element for implementing the intelligent Army Tactical Command Information System (ATCIS). Using the military ontology, the system can automatically understand and manage the meaning of military information in the system, and hence it can provide a commander with military knowledge for decision making. To construct the military ontology, we define the core concepts of the ontology based on terms extracted from the ATCIS database and complete the ontology by using the mixed ontology building methodology (MOBM). In addition, we implement intelligent ATCIS as a prototype that provides a military concept navigation service and commanders' decision support service to demonstrate how to use the military ontology in practice
Heterogeneity of Skin Surface Oxygen Level of Wrist in Relation to Acupuncture Point
The distribution of partial oxygen pressure (pO2) is analyzed for the anterior aspect of the left wrist with an amperometric oxygen microsensor composed of a small planar Pt disk-sensing area (diameter = 25 μm). The pO2 levels vary depending on the measurement location over the wrist skin, and they are systematically monitored in the analysis for both one-dimensional single line (along the wrist transverse crease) and two-dimensional square area of the wrist region. Relatively higher pO2 values are observed at certain area in close proximity to the position of acupuncture points with statistical significance, indicating strong relationship between oxygen and acupuncture point. The used oxygen microsensor is sensitive enough to detect the pO2 variation depending on the location. This study may provide information helpful to understand possible physiological roles of the acupuncture points
Sensing Heritage: Exploring Creative Approaches for Capturing, Experiencing and Safeguarding the Sensorial Aspects of Cultural Heritage
Whilst there is increasing work investigating the role of digital documentation, interpretation, and augmentation of cultural heritage, such interventions have largely focused on visual and sometimes auditory modalities, neglecting the full spectrum of human senses. With this workshop we seek to bring together an interdisciplinary group of researchers, designers, practitioners and community members to explore creative approaches for documenting and experiencing cultural heritage’s rich sensory dimensions extending beyond visual-based approaches to encompass sound, smell, taste, and touch. The workshop directly aligns with the conference’s exploration of "Why Design?" by utilising design as a powerful, empathetic, and participatory tool for safeguarding cultural heritage. Our goal is to extend our understanding of concepts, methods and technologies for capturing and experiencing sensory heritage, advocating for a holistic approach that celebrates and communicates the profound sensory diversity of human cultures, inspiring a shift in how we document, interpret and share cultural heritage
Reciprocity in Directed Hypergraphs: Measures, Findings, and Generators
Group interactions are prevalent in a variety of areas. Many of them,
including email exchanges, chemical reactions, and bitcoin transactions, are
directional, and thus they are naturally modeled as directed hypergraphs, where
each hyperarc consists of the set of source nodes and the set of destination
nodes. For directed graphs, which are a special case of directed hypergraphs,
reciprocity has played a key role as a fundamental graph statistic in revealing
organizing principles of graphs and in solving graph learning tasks. For
general directed hypergraphs, however, even no systematic measure of
reciprocity has been developed. In this work, we investigate the reciprocity of
11 real-world hypergraphs. To this end, we first introduce eight axioms that
any reasonable measure of reciprocity should satisfy. Second, we propose
HyperRec, a family of principled measures of hypergraph reciprocity that
satisfies all the axioms. Third, we develop Ferret, a fast and exact algorithm
for computing the measure, whose search space is up to 10^{147}x smaller than
that of naive computation. Fourth, using them, we examine 11 real-world
hypergraphs and discover patterns that distinguish them from random
hypergraphs. Lastly, we propose ReDi, an intuitive generative model for
directed hypergraphs exhibiting the patterns.Comment: Accepted by Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. This paper is an
extended version of the ICDM 2022 paper with the same title. It consists of
38 pages and includes 8 figure
MiDaS: Representative Sampling from Real-world Hypergraphs
© 2022 ACM.Graphs are widely used for representing pairwise interactions in complex systems. Since such real-world graphs are large and often evergrowing, sampling a small representative subgraph is indispensable for various purposes: simulation, visualization, stream processing, representation learning, crawling, to name a few. However, many complex systems consist of group interactions (e.g., collaborations of researchers and discussions on online Q&A platforms), and thus they can be represented more naturally and accurately by hypergraphs (i.e., sets of sets) than by ordinary graphs. Motivated by the prevalence of large-scale hypergraphs, we study the problem of representative sampling from real-world hypergraphs, aiming to answer (Q1) what a representative sub-hypergraph is and (Q2) how we can find a representative one rapidly without an extensive search. Regarding Q1, we propose to measure the goodness of a sub-hypergraph by comparing it with the entire hypergraph in terms of ten graph-level, hyperedge-level, and node-level statistics. Regarding Q2, we first analyze the characteristics of six intuitive approaches in 11 real-world hypergraphs. Then, based on the analysis, we propose MiDaS, which draws hyperedges with a bias towards those with high-degree nodes. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that MiDaS is (a) Representative: finding overall the most representative samples among 13 considered approaches, (b) Fast: several orders of magnitude faster than the strongest competitors, which performs an extensive search, and (c) Automatic: rapidly searching a proper degree of bias.N
Semi-Automated Cell Panning for Efficient Isolation of FGFR3-Targeting Antibody
Phage display technology is a widely used practical tool for isolating binding molecules against the desired targets in phage libraries. In the case of targeting the membrane protein with its natural conformation, conventional bio-panning has limitations on the efficient screening of the functionally relevant antibodies. To enrich the single-chain variable fragment (scFv) pools for recognizing the natural conformation of the membrane targets, the conventional bio-panning and screening process was modified to include the semi-automated cell panning protocol. Using FGFR3-overexpressing patient-derived cancer cells, biotin-X-DHPE was introduced and coupled to Streptavidin-coated magnetic beads for use in the solution-phage bio-panning procedure. The resulting clones of scFv were compared to the diversity of the binding region, especially on CDR-H3. The clones enriched further by cell-based panning procedure possessed a similar binding site and the CDR-H3 loop structure. The resulting antibodies inhibited cell growth and induced target degradation. This process may be a useful tool for screening biologically related antibodies that recognize natural conformational structure on cell membrane protein. Furthermore, cell-based panning has the potential to further expand to a high-throughput screening (HTS) system and automation process
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