Hybrid cellular-inorganic core-shell microparticles: Encapsulation of individual living cells in calcium carbonate microshells

We report the fabrication of hybrid cellular-inorganic core-shell microparticles obtained by encapsulation of individual living yeast cells Saccharomyces cerevisiae in calcium carbonate microshells and demonstrate the viability of the encapsulated cells. Our method is based on the direct precipitation of calcium carbonate on the cell walls of yeast cells. Resulting hybrid microparticles consist of single yeast cells coated with semipermeable inorganic microshells, which resemble the original ellipsoid shapes of yeast cells, exhibit negative zeta-potential, and have micrometer-thick calcium carbonate walls. The combination of the functional properties of living cells and calcium carbonate microshells promises a wide area of applications of these hybrid core-shell microparticles in the development of novel materials. © 2009 American Chemical Society

Microworms swallow the nanobait: The use of nanocoated microbial cells for the direct delivery of nanoparticles into Caenorhabditis elegans

The application of in vivo models in assessing the toxicity of nanomaterials is currently regarded as a promising way to investigate the effects of nanomaterials on living organisms. In this paper we introduce a novel method to deliver nanomaterials into Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes. Our approach is based on using nanoparticle-coated microbial cells as "nanobait", which are ingested by nematodes as a sole food source. We found that nematodes feed on the nanocoated bacteria (Escherichia coli) and microalgae (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) ingesting them via pharyngeal pumping, which results in localization of nanoparticles inside the digestive tract of the worms. Nanoparticles were detected exclusively inside the intestine, indicating the efficient delivery based on microbial cells. Delivery of iron oxide nanoparticles results in magnetic labelling of living nematodes, rendering them magnetically-responsive. The use of cell-mediated delivery of nanoparticles can be applied to investigate the toxicity of polymer-coated magnetic nanoparticles and citrate-capped silver nanoparticles in Caenorhabditis elegans in vivo. © 2013 The Royal Society of Chemistry

Interfacing multicellular organisms with polyelectrolyte shells and nanoparticles: A caenorhabtidis elegans study

We report the surface modification of microscopic live multicellular nematodes Caenorhabtidis elegans with polyelectrolyte multilayers (pure and doped with 20 nm gold nanoparticles) and the direct magnetic functionalization of nematodes with biocompatible magnetic nanoparticles. Magnetically functionalized "ironoxideclad" nematodes can be effectively separated and moved using an external magnetic field. The surface-functionalized nematodes preserve their viability and reproduction. © 2011 American Chemical Society

Cyborg cells: Functionalisation of living cells with polymers and nanomaterials

Living cells interfaced with a range of polyelectrolyte coatings, magnetic and noble metal nanoparticles, hard mineral shells and other complex nanomaterials can perform functions often completely different from their original specialisation. Such "cyborg cells" are already finding a range of novel applications in areas like whole cell biosensors, bioelectronics, toxicity microscreening, tissue engineering, cell implant protection and bioanalytical chemistry. In this tutorial review, we describe the development of novel methods for functionalisation of cells with polymers and nanoparticles and comment on future advances in this technology in the light of other literature approaches. We review recent studies on the cell viability and function upon direct deposition of nanoparticles, coating with polyelectrolytes, polymer assisted assembly of nanomaterials and hard shells on the cell surface. The cell toxicity issues are considered for many practical applications in terms of possible adverse effects of the deposited polymers, polyelectrolytes and nanoparticles on the cell surface. © 2012 The Royal Society of Chemistry

Pengaruh Temperatur dan Media Pendingin pada Proses Heat Treatment Baja AISI 1045 terhadap Kekerasan dan Laju Korosi

Baja karbon adalah logam yang paling banyak digunakan pada dunia industri dan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidup manusia. Salah satu jenis baja yang paling banyak digunakan adalah baja AISI 1045 atau baja karbon sedang. Baja AISI 1045 dibuat dan dibentuk komponen, sparepart, atau alat-alat sesuai dengan kebutuhan di dunia industri, maka muncul upaya untuk memperbaiki sifat mekanik dan ketahanan terhadap korosi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh temperatur dan media pendingin pada proses heat treatment terhadap nilai kekerasan baja AISI 1045, mengetahui pengaruh temperatur dan media pendingin pada proses heat treatment terhadap laju korosi baja AISI 1045. Pada penelitian ini spesimen dipanaskan menggunakan tungku pemanas dengan temperatur7500C, 8500C, dan 9500C dengan holding time selama 30 menit. Kemudian masing-masing material dilakukan quenching pada media air mineral dan oli SAE 10w-40. Selanjutnya material dilakukan uji kekerasan dan uji korosi. Hasilnya material mengalami perubahan kekerasan dan laju korosi. Nilai kekerasan tertinggi terjadi pada media pendingin air mineral yaitu 58,2 HRC pada variasi temperatur 8500C dan nilai kekerasan tertinggi media pendingin oli adalah 33,4 HRC pada variasi temperatur 9500C. Laju korosi tertinggi media pendingin air mineral adalah 3,998 ipy pada variasi temperatur 9500C, dan 4,086 ipy pada media pendingin oli dengan variasi temperatur 9500C.Kata kunci: Temperatur, media pendingin, heat treatment, kekerasan, dan laju korosi

Halloysites Stabilized Emulsions for Hydroformylation of Long Chain Olefins

© 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, WeinheimHalloysites as tubular alumosilicates are introduced as inexpensive natural nanoparticles to form and stabilize oil–water emulsions. This stabilized emulsion is shown to enable efficient interfacial catalytic reactions. Yield, selectivity, and product separation can be tremendously enhanced, e.g., for the hydroformylation reaction of dodecene to tridecanal. In perspective, this type of formulation may be used for oil spill dispersions. The key elements of the described formulations are clay nanotubes (halloysites) which are highly anisometric, can be filled by helper molecules, and are abundantly available in thousands of tons, making this technology scalable for industrial applications

Hybrid cellular-inorganic core-shell microparticles: Encapsulation of individual living cells in calcium carbonate microshells

We report the fabrication of hybrid cellular-inorganic core-shell microparticles obtained by encapsulation of individual living yeast cells Saccharomyces cerevisiae in calcium carbonate microshells and demonstrate the viability of the encapsulated cells. Our method is based on the direct precipitation of calcium carbonate on the cell walls of yeast cells. Resulting hybrid microparticles consist of single yeast cells coated with semipermeable inorganic microshells, which resemble the original ellipsoid shapes of yeast cells, exhibit negative zeta-potential, and have micrometer-thick calcium carbonate walls. The combination of the functional properties of living cells and calcium carbonate microshells promises a wide area of applications of these hybrid core-shell microparticles in the development of novel materials. © 2009 American Chemical Society

Hybrid cellular-inorganic core-shell microparticles: Encapsulation of individual living cells in calcium carbonate microshells

We report the fabrication of hybrid cellular-inorganic core-shell microparticles obtained by encapsulation of individual living yeast cells Saccharomyces cerevisiae in calcium carbonate microshells and demonstrate the viability of the encapsulated cells. Our method is based on the direct precipitation of calcium carbonate on the cell walls of yeast cells. Resulting hybrid microparticles consist of single yeast cells coated with semipermeable inorganic microshells, which resemble the original ellipsoid shapes of yeast cells, exhibit negative zeta-potential, and have micrometer-thick calcium carbonate walls. The combination of the functional properties of living cells and calcium carbonate microshells promises a wide area of applications of these hybrid core-shell microparticles in the development of novel materials. © 2009 American Chemical Society

Hybrid cellular-inorganic core-shell microparticles: Encapsulation of individual living cells in calcium carbonate microshells

We report the fabrication of hybrid cellular-inorganic core-shell microparticles obtained by encapsulation of individual living yeast cells Saccharomyces cerevisiae in calcium carbonate microshells and demonstrate the viability of the encapsulated cells. Our method is based on the direct precipitation of calcium carbonate on the cell walls of yeast cells. Resulting hybrid microparticles consist of single yeast cells coated with semipermeable inorganic microshells, which resemble the original ellipsoid shapes of yeast cells, exhibit negative zeta-potential, and have micrometer-thick calcium carbonate walls. The combination of the functional properties of living cells and calcium carbonate microshells promises a wide area of applications of these hybrid core-shell microparticles in the development of novel materials. © 2009 American Chemical Society

Microworms swallow the nanobait: The use of nanocoated microbial cells for the direct delivery of nanoparticles into Caenorhabditis elegans

The application of in vivo models in assessing the toxicity of nanomaterials is currently regarded as a promising way to investigate the effects of nanomaterials on living organisms. In this paper we introduce a novel method to deliver nanomaterials into Caenorhabditis elegans nematodes. Our approach is based on using nanoparticle-coated microbial cells as "nanobait", which are ingested by nematodes as a sole food source. We found that nematodes feed on the nanocoated bacteria (Escherichia coli) and microalgae (Chlorella pyrenoidosa) ingesting them via pharyngeal pumping, which results in localization of nanoparticles inside the digestive tract of the worms. Nanoparticles were detected exclusively inside the intestine, indicating the efficient delivery based on microbial cells. Delivery of iron oxide nanoparticles results in magnetic labelling of living nematodes, rendering them magnetically-responsive. The use of cell-mediated delivery of nanoparticles can be applied to investigate the toxicity of polymer-coated magnetic nanoparticles and citrate-capped silver nanoparticles in Caenorhabditis elegans in vivo. © 2013 The Royal Society of Chemistry