Incidence of Gastric Metaplasia and Helicobacter pylori Infection in Duodenal Bulb – With Specific Reference to Patients With Duodenal Ulcers

We determined the incidence of gastric metaplasia in the duodenal bulb of duodenal ulcer patients and the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection rate at sites with gastric metaplasia. Biopsy of the duodenal bulb showed the presence of gastric metaplasia in 61 of 86 patients (71%) overall and in 18 of 47 patients (38.3%) who had gastrectomy at an early gastric cancer. The histological diagnosis of H. pylori infection showed good agreement (83.3%) with the result of the rapid urease test, indicating that H. pylori occurs in regions with gastric metaplasia. This finding suggests that H. pylori infects gastric metaplasia in the duodenal bulb, causing mucosal injury, which is then transformed into duodenal ulcers. The exact mechanism by which gastric metaplasia is caused is unknown, but it is believed to occur in the transitional zone in the duodenal mucosa

Study on the Optimal Interval of Monitoring Following Gastric Polyp

The present study was conducted to determine how long hyperplastic polyps (HPs) and fundic gland hyperplastic polyps (FGPs) should be endoscopically followed up. Our findings showed that in the case of FGPs, yearly endoscopy is not required and it is sufficient to repeat X-ray and compare films with those obtained in the previous year. In contrast, yearly follow-up by endoscopy is necessary in the case of HPs

Generalised analytical method unravels framework-dependent kinetics of adsorption-induced structural transition in flexible metal–organic frameworks

ゲート型吸着剤はガス分子をどう取り込む？ --サブ秒でのX線回折測定が動的過程を紐解く--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2023-11-08.Flexible metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) exhibiting adsorption-induced structural transition can revolutionise adsorption separation processes, including CO₂ separation, which has become increasingly important in recent years. However, the kinetics of this structural transition remains poorly understood despite being crucial to process design. Here, the CO₂-induced gate opening of ELM-11 ([Cu(BF₄)₂(4, 4’-bipyridine)₂]n) is investigated by time-resolved in situ X-ray powder diffraction, and a theoretical kinetic model of this process is developed to gain atomistic insight into the transition dynamics. The thus-developed model consists of the differential pressure from the gate opening (indicating the ease of structural transition) and reaction model terms (indicating the transition propagation within the crystal). The reaction model of ELM-11 is an autocatalytic reaction with two pathways for CO₂ penetration of the framework. Moreover, gas adsorption analyses of two other flexible MOFs with different flexibilities indicate that the kinetics of the adsorption-induced structural transition is highly dependent on framework structure

Enhanced visualization of the portal vein system in superior mesenteric arterial portography using prostaglandin E1.

The portal vein system was clearly visualized in superior mesenteric arterial portography using prostaglandin E1. Angiographic examination was performed in 68 patients with various liver diseases during the 2 year period from 1980 to 1981. Twenty microgram of prostaglandin E1 was injected into the superior mesenteric artery 30 seconds before injection of 60 ml of contrast medium. The main portal vein was visualized in all of 68 cases. A high rate of success for visualization of the intrahepatic portal vein system by prostaglandin E1 was achieved. The first branches of the intrahepatic portal vein were visualized in 100% of the cases, the second branches in 82%, the third branches in 44%, and the fourth branches in 4% in the right portal vein system. In the left portal vein system, the first branches were visualized in 87%, the second branches in 41%, and the third branches in 3% of the cases. The intrahepatic portal vein system was more clearly visualized in females than in males (P less than 0.05). This procedure is simple, safe and useful for clear visualization of the portal vein system.</p

Polymer-Coated Carbon Nanotubes as a Molecular Heater Platform for Hyperthermic Therapy

福岡歯科大学2017年

Response Rate Is Associated with Prolonged Survival in Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Treated with Gefitinib or Erlotinib

Introduction:Gaining a higher response rate (RR) has usually been determined as a primary end point in phase II trials evaluating the efficacy of new molecular targeted drugs. However, a relationship between clinical response and survival benefit has not been well studied in the patients treated with molecular targeted agents.Methods:Prospective trials of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) monotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer were extracted from MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the annual meetings in 2007 of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, European Cancer Conference, and World Conference on Lung Cancer.Correlation between clinical response and survival was examined using linear regression analysis. We also tried to compare the significance of RR as surrogate markers for survival with that of disease control rate (DCR) by calculating the area under their receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.Results:We identified 24 phase II trials and 4 phase III trials with a total of 6171 patients and 30 treatment arms, including 22 arms for the gefitinib group and 8 arms for the erlotinib group. Both RR and DCR strongly correlated with median survival time (MST; p < 0.0001 and p = 0.003, respectively). In an ROC analysis, the area under the ROC curve predicting MST prolongation by RR was 0.918, which was higher than the area under the ROC curve by DCR.Conclusions:We found a significant relationship between RR and MST in clinical trials with EGFR-TKIs. RR could be an independent surrogate marker for MST in the current response criteria in the clinical trials of EGFR-TKIs