124 research outputs found
Quantitative Robustness Analysis of Quantum Programs (Extended Version)
Quantum computation is a topic of significant recent interest, with practical
advances coming from both research and industry. A major challenge in quantum
programming is dealing with errors (quantum noise) during execution. Because
quantum resources (e.g., qubits) are scarce, classical error correction
techniques applied at the level of the architecture are currently
cost-prohibitive. But while this reality means that quantum programs are almost
certain to have errors, there as yet exists no principled means to reason about
erroneous behavior. This paper attempts to fill this gap by developing a
semantics for erroneous quantum while-programs, as well as a logic for
reasoning about them. This logic permits proving a property we have identified,
called -robustness, which characterizes possible "distance" between
an ideal program and an erroneous one. We have proved the logic sound, and
showed its utility on several case studies, notably: (1) analyzing the
robustness of noisy versions of the quantum Bernoulli factory (QBF) and quantum
walk (QW); (2) demonstrating the (in)effectiveness of different error
correction schemes on single-qubit errors; and (3) analyzing the robustness of
a fault-tolerant version of QBF.Comment: 34 pages, LaTeX; v2: fixed typo
Intravenous renal cell transplantation with SAA1-positive cells prevents the progression of chronic renal failure in rats with ischemic-diabetic nephropathy
Diabetic nephropathy, the most common cause of progressive chronic renal failure and end-stage renal disease, has now reached global proportions. The only means to rescue diabetic patients on dialysis is renal transplantation, a very effective therapy but severely limited by the availability of donor kidneys. Hence, we tested the role of intravenous renal cell transplantation (IRCT) on obese/diabetic Zucker/SHHF F1 hybrid (ZS) female rats with severe ischemic and diabetic nephropathy. Renal ischemia was produced by bilateral renal clamping of the renal arteries at 10 wk of age, and IRCT with genetically modified normal ZS male tubular cells was given intravenously at 15 and 20 wk of age. Rats were euthanized at 34 wk of age. IRCT with cells expressing serum amyloid A had strong and long-lasting beneficial effects on renal function and structure, including tubules and glomeruli. However, donor cells were found engrafted only in renal tubules 14 wk after the second infusion. The results indicate that IRCT with serum amyloid A-positive cells is effective in preventing the progression of chronic kidney disease in rats with diabetic and ischemic nephropathy
Remote preparation of optical cat states based on Gaussian entanglement
Remote state preparation enables one to prepare and manipulate quantum state
non-locally. As an essential quantum resource, optical cat state is usually
prepared locally by subtracting photons from a squeezed vacuum state. For
remote quantum information processing, it is essential to prepare and
manipulate optical cat states remotely based on Gaussian entanglement, which
remains a challenge. Here, we present experimental preparation of optical cat
states based on a remotely distributed two-mode Gaussian entangled state in a
lossy channel. By performing photon subtraction and homodyne projective
measurement at Alice's station, an optical cat state is prepared remotely at
Bob's station. Furthermore, the prepared cat state is rotated by changing
Alice's measurement basis of homodyne detection, which demonstrates the remote
manipulation of it. By distributing two modes of the two-mode Gaussian
entangled state in lossy channels, we demonstrate that the remotely prepared
cat state can tolerate much more loss in Alice's channel than that in Bob's
channel. We also show that cat states with amplitudes larger than 2 can be
prepared by increasing the squeezing level and subtracting photon numbers. Our
results make a crucial step toward remote hybrid quantum information processing
involving discrete- and continuous-variable techniques
Phase-locking matter-wave interferometer of vortex states
Matter-wave interferometer of ultracold atoms with different linear momenta
has been extensively studied in theory and experiment. The vortex matter-wave
interferometer with different angular momenta is applicable as a quantum sensor
for measuring the rotation, interatomic interaction, geometric phase, etc. Here
we report the first experimental realization of a vortex matter-wave
interferometer by coherently transferring the optical angular momentum to an
ultracold Bose condensate. After producing a lossless interferometer with atoms
only populating the two spin states, we demonstrate that the phase difference
between the interferences in the two spin states is locked on . We also
demonstrate the robustness of this out-of-phase relation, which is independent
of the angular-momentum difference between the two interfering vortex states,
constituent of Raman optical fields and expansion of the condensate. The
experimental results agree well with the calculation from the unitary evolution
of wave packet in quantum mechanics. This work opens a new way to build a
quantum sensor and measure the atomic correlation in quantum gases.Comment: 5 figure
Adversarial Bipartite Graph Learning for Video Domain Adaptation
Domain adaptation techniques, which focus on adapting models between
distributionally different domains, are rarely explored in the video
recognition area due to the significant spatial and temporal shifts across the
source (i.e. training) and target (i.e. test) domains. As such, recent works on
visual domain adaptation which leverage adversarial learning to unify the
source and target video representations and strengthen the feature
transferability are not highly effective on the videos. To overcome this
limitation, in this paper, we learn a domain-agnostic video classifier instead
of learning domain-invariant representations, and propose an Adversarial
Bipartite Graph (ABG) learning framework which directly models the
source-target interactions with a network topology of the bipartite graph.
Specifically, the source and target frames are sampled as heterogeneous
vertexes while the edges connecting two types of nodes measure the affinity
among them. Through message-passing, each vertex aggregates the features from
its heterogeneous neighbors, forcing the features coming from the same class to
be mixed evenly. Explicitly exposing the video classifier to such cross-domain
representations at the training and test stages makes our model less biased to
the labeled source data, which in-turn results in achieving a better
generalization on the target domain. To further enhance the model capacity and
testify the robustness of the proposed architecture on difficult transfer
tasks, we extend our model to work in a semi-supervised setting using an
additional video-level bipartite graph. Extensive experiments conducted on four
benchmarks evidence the effectiveness of the proposed approach over the SOTA
methods on the task of video recognition.Comment: Proceedings of the 28th ACM International Conference on Multimedia
(MM '20
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