School Quality and Housing Prices: Empirical Evidence Based on a Natural Experiment in Shanghai, China

The extent to which the quantity and quality of education is capitalized into housing prices is a key issue in understanding the relationship between allocation of educational resources and the housing market. Using monthly panel data of 52 residential areas in Shanghai and employing a natural experiment of designating Shanghai Experimental Model Senior High Schools (EMSHS), we find that housing prices in Shanghai have capitalized the access to quality schools and other public goods. One quality school per square kilometer raises average housing prices by approximately 19%, and one best EMSHS per square kilometer increases housing prices by 21%. We also match the schools designated for EMSHS with schools of similar quality but not designated for EMSHS, and compare housing prices in the corresponding areas. We find that the designation increased the housing prices, showing that dissemination of information about school quality was significantly affected by the designation.education, housing market, capitalization, public goods, natural experiment

Physics Inspired Optimization on Semantic Transfer Features: An Alternative Method for Room Layout Estimation

In this paper, we propose an alternative method to estimate room layouts of cluttered indoor scenes. This method enjoys the benefits of two novel techniques. The first one is semantic transfer (ST), which is: (1) a formulation to integrate the relationship between scene clutter and room layout into convolutional neural networks; (2) an architecture that can be end-to-end trained; (3) a practical strategy to initialize weights for very deep networks under unbalanced training data distribution. ST allows us to extract highly robust features under various circumstances, and in order to address the computation redundance hidden in these features we develop a principled and efficient inference scheme named physics inspired optimization (PIO). PIO's basic idea is to formulate some phenomena observed in ST features into mechanics concepts. Evaluations on public datasets LSUN and Hedau show that the proposed method is more accurate than state-of-the-art methods.Comment: To appear in CVPR 2017. Project Page: https://sites.google.com/view/st-pio

Anatomy of the pQCD Approach to the Baryonic Decays Λb→pπ,pK\Lambda_b \to p\pi, p K

We calculate the CP-averaged branching ratios and CP-violating asymmetries for the two-body charmless hadronic decays $\Lambda_b \to p \pi, pK$ in the perturbative QCD (pQCD) approach to lowest order in $\alpha_s$. The baryon distribution amplitudes involved in the factorization formulae are considered to the leading twist accuracy and the distribution amplitudes of the proton are expanded to the next-to-leading conformal spin (i.e., "P" -waves), the moments of which are determined from QCD sum rules. Our work shows that the contributions from the factorizable diagrams in $\Lambda_b \to p \pi, pK$ decays are much smaller compared to the non-factorizable diagrams in the conventional pQCD approach. We argue that this reflects the estimates of the $\Lambda_b \to p$ transition form factors in the $k_T$ factorization approach, which are found typically an order of magnitude smaller than those estimated in the light-cone sum rules and in the non-relativistic quark model. As an alternative, we adopt a hybrid pQCD approach, in which we compute the factorizable contributions with the $\Lambda_b \to p$ form factors taken from the light cone QCD sum rules. The non-factorizable diagrams are evaluated utilizing the conventional pQCD formalism which is free from the endpoint singularities. The predictions worked out here are confronted with the recently available data from the CDF collaboration on the branching ratios and the direct CP asymmetries for the decays $\Lambda_b \to p \pi$, and $\Lambda_b \to p K$. The asymmetry parameter $\alpha$ relevant for the anisotropic angular distribution of the emitted proton in the polarized $\Lambda_b$ baryon decays is also calculated for the two decay modes.Comment: 47 pages, 9 figures, 8 tables; typos and references corrected; version corresponds to the one accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Spin-quadrupole ordering of spin-3/2 ultracold fermionic atoms in optical lattices in the one-band Hubbard model

Based on a generalized one-band Hubbard model, we study magnetic properties of Mott insulating states for ultracold spin-3/2 fermionic atoms in optical lattices. When the \textit{s}-wave scattering lengths for the total spin $S=2,0$ satisfy conditions $a_{2}>a_{0}>0$, we apply a functional integral approach to the half filled case, where the spin-quadrupole fluctuations dominate. On a 2D square lattice, the saddle point solution yields a staggered spin-quadrupole ordering at zero temperature with symmetry breaking from SO(5) to SO(4). Both spin and spin-quadrupole static structure factors are calculated, displaying highly anisotropic spin antiferromagnetic fluctuations and antiferroquadrupole long-range correlations, respectively. When Gaussian fluctuations around the saddle point are taken into account, spin-quadrupole density waves with a linear dispersion are derived. Compared with the spin density waves in the half filled spin-1/2 Hubbard model, the quadrupole density wave velocity is saturated in the strong-coupling limit, and there are no transverse spin-quadrupole mode couplings, as required by the SO(4) invariance of the effective action. Finally, in the strong-coupling limit of the model Hamiltonian, we derive the effective hyperfine spin-exchange interactions for the Mott insulating phases in the quarter filled and half filled cases, respectively.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure

Spin transport properties of a quantum dot coupled to ferromagnetic leads with noncollinear magnetizations

A correct general formula for the spin current through an interacting quantum dot coupled to ferromagnetic leads with magnetization at an arbitrary angle $\theta$ is derived within the framework of the Keldysh formalism. Under asymmetric conditions, the spin current component J_{z} may change sign for $0<\theta<\pi$. It is shown that the spin current and spin tunneling magnetoresistance exhibit different angle dependence in the free and Coulomb blockade regimes. In the latter case, the competition of spin precession and the spin-valve effect could lead to an anomaly in the angle dependence of the spin current.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures; some parts of the text has been revised in this version accepted by J. Phys.: Condens. Matte

Mott insulating phases and quantum phase transitions of interacting spin-3/2 fermionic cold atoms in optical lattices at half filling

We study various Mott insulating phases of interacting spin-3/2 fermionic ultracold atoms in two-dimensional square optical lattices at half filling. Using a generalized one-band Hubbard model with hidden SO(5) symmetry, we identify two distinct symmetry breaking phases: the degenerate antiferromagnetic spin-dipole/spin-octupole ordering and spin-quadrupole ordering, depending on the sign of the spin-dependent interaction. These two competing orders exhibit very different symmetry properties, low energy excitations and topological characterizations. Near the SU(4) symmetric point, a quantum critical state with a $\pi$-flux phase may emerge due to strong quantum fluctuations, leading to spin algebraic correlations and gapless excitations.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure

Tailoring excitonic states of van der Waals bilayers through stacking configuration, band alignment and valley-spin

Excitons in monolayer semiconductors have large optical transition dipole for strong coupling with light field. Interlayer excitons in heterobilayers, with layer separation of electron and hole components, feature large electric dipole that enables strong coupling with electric field and exciton-exciton interaction, at the cost that the optical dipole is substantially quenched (by several orders of magnitude). In this letter, we demonstrate the ability to create a new class of excitons in transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) hetero- and homo-bilayers that combines the advantages of monolayer- and interlayer-excitons, i.e. featuring both large optical dipole and large electric dipole. These excitons consist of an electron that is well confined in an individual layer, and a hole that is well extended in both layers, realized here through the carrier-species specific layer-hybridization controlled through the interplay of rotational, translational, band offset, and valley-spin degrees of freedom. We observe different species of such layer-hybridized valley excitons in different heterobilayer and homobilayer systems, which can be utilized for realizing strongly interacting excitonic/polaritonic gases, as well as optical quantum coherent controls of bidirectional interlayer carrier transfer either with upper conversion or down conversion in energy

N-(1,5-Dimethyl-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)formamide

In the title compound, C12H13N3O2, the dihedral angle between the pyrazole and benzene rings is 50.0 (3)°. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked by inter­molecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds to form a three-dimensional network. Two weak C—H⋯π inter­actions reinforce the crystal packing