The Liability of Drug Analysis from the Story of Intravenous Iodine-Contained Contrast Medium

The development of the liability of drugs is a complicated and sophisticated process, like the development of drugs. Intravenous iodine-contained contrast medium, a diagnostic drug with excellent effectiveness and unavoidable risks, shows the controversial characteristics in the development of drug liability and administrative regulation

Binomial Difference Ideal and Toric Difference Variety

In this paper, the concepts of binomial difference ideals and toric difference varieties are defined and their properties are proved. Two canonical representations for Laurent binomial difference ideals are given using the reduced Groebner basis of Z[x]-lattices and regular and coherent difference ascending chains, respectively. Criteria for a Laurent binomial difference ideal to be reflexive, prime, well-mixed, perfect, and toric are given in terms of their support lattices which are Z[x]-lattices. The reflexive, well-mixed, and perfect closures of a Laurent binomial difference ideal are shown to be binomial. Four equivalent definitions for toric difference varieties are presented. Finally, algorithms are given to check whether a given Laurent binomial difference ideal I is reflexive, prime, well-mixed, perfect, or toric, and in the negative case, to compute the reflexive, well-mixed, and perfect closures of I. An algorithm is given to decompose a finitely generated perfect binomial difference ideal as the intersection of reflexive prime binomial difference ideals.Comment: 72 page

Could Zc(4025)Z_{c}(4025) be a JP=1+J^{P}=1^{+} D∗D∗ˉD^{*}\bar{D^{*}} molecular state?

We investigate whether the newly observed narrow resonance $Z_{c}(4025)$ can be described as a $D^{*}\bar{D^{*}}$ molecular state with quantum numbers $J^{P}=1^{+}$. Using QCD sum rules, we consider contributions up to dimension six in the operator product expansion and work at leading order of $\alpha_{s}$. The mass obtained for this state is (4.05\pm 0.28) \mbox{GeV}. It is concluded that $D^{*}\bar{D^{*}}$ molecular state is a possible candidate for $Z_{c}(4025)$.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures.Published in Eur.Phys.J. C73 (2013) 2661. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1304.185

Higher order light-cone distribution amplitudes of the Lambda baryon

The improved light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) of the $\Lambda$ baryon are examined on the basis of the QCD conformal partial wave expansion approach. The calculations are carried out to the next-to-leading order of conformal spin accuracy with consideration of twist 6. The next leading order conformal expansion coefficients are related to the nonperturbative parameters defined by the local three quark operator matrix elements with different Lorentz structures with a covariant derivative. The nonperturbative parameters are determined with the QCD sum rule method. The explicit expressions of the LCDAs are provided as the main results.Comment: 17pages,10figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1311.596

A Precision Microbiome Approach Using Sucrose for Selective Augmentation of Staphylococcus epidermidis Fermentation against Propionibacterium acnes.

Acne dysbiosis happens when there is a microbial imbalance of the over-growth of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) in the acne microbiome. In our previous study, we demonstrated that Staphylococcus epidermidis (S. epidermidis, a probiotic skin bacterium) can exploit glycerol fermentation to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) which have antimicrobial activities to suppress the growth of P. acnes. Unlike glycerol, sucrose is chosen here as a selective fermentation initiator (SFI) that can specifically intensify the fermentation activity of S. epidermidis, but not P. acnes. A co-culture of P. acnes and fermenting S. epidermidis in the presence of sucrose significantly led to a reduction in the growth of P. acnes. The reduction was abolished when P. acnes was co-cultured with non-fermenting S. epidermidis. Results from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis revealed four SCFAs (acetic acid, butyric acid, lactic acid, and succinic acid) were detectable in the media of S. epidermidis sucrose fermentation. To validate the interference of S. epidermidis sucrose fermentation with P. acnes, mouse ears were injected with both P. acnes and S. epidermidis plus sucrose or phosphate buffered saline (PBS). The level of macrophage-inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) and the number of P. acnes in ears injected with two bacteria plus sucrose were considerably lower than those in ears injected with two bacteria plus PBS. Our results demonstrate a precision microbiome approach by using sucrose as a SFI for S. epidermidis, holding future potential as a novel modality to equilibrate dysbiotic acne